fce 9

Question 1

mis‧for‧tune / mɪsfɔtʃ ə n $ -ɔr- / noun [ uncountable and countable ]

Answer 1

very bad luck, or something that happens to you as a result of bad luck :
It seems the banks always profit from farmers’ misfortunes.
have the misfortune to do/of doing something
The French soldiers had the misfortune to be caught in the crossfire

Question 2

in‧hab‧i‧tant / ɪnhæbətənt, ɪnhæbɪtənt / noun [ countable ]

Answer 2

one of the people who live in a particular place :

a city of six million inhabitants

Question 3

mol‧ten / məʊlt ə n $ moʊl- / adjective [ usually before noun ]

Answer 3

molten metal or rock has been made into a liquid by being heated to a very high temperature :  
molten iron 
molten lava  (= liquid rock from a  volcano )

Question 4

im‧pre‧cise AC / ɪmprɪ’saɪs◂ / adjective

Answer 4

not clear or exact OPP precise , exact :
vague imprecise estimates
Alcohol affects the brain, making speech slurred and imprecise.
— imprecisely adverb
— imprecision / -sɪʒ ə n / noun [ uncountable ] :
an imprecision in the terminology

Question 5

meet a challenge/rise to a challenge

Answer 5

(= successfully deal with one )

a new and vibrant initiative to meet the challenge of the 21st century

Question 6

ex‧ceed AC / ɪksid / verb [ transitive ] formal

Answer 6

1 to be more than a particular number or amount :
Working hours must not exceed 42 hours a week.
His performance exceeded our expectations .
2 to go beyond what rules or laws say you are allowed to do :
He was fined for exceeding the speed limit.
The riot police had exceeded their authority .

Question 7

flank 1 / flæŋk / noun [ countable ]

Answer 7

1 the side of an animal’s or person’s body, between the rib s and the hip
2 the side of an army in a battle, or a sports team when playing :
We were attacked on our left flank.
3 the side of a hill, mountain, or very large building

Question 8

plume 1 / plum / noun [ countable ]

Answer 8

1 a cloud of smoke, dust etc which rises up into the air
plume of smoke/dust/gas/spray etc
A black plume of smoke rose above the city.
2 a large feather or bunch of feathers, especially one that is used as a decoration on a hat
→ nom de plume

Question 9

plain 2 noun

Answer 9

plain 2 noun
1 ( also plains ) [ countable ] a large area of flat dry land → prairie :
The grassy plain gave way to an extensive swamp.
the vast plains of central China
2 [ uncountable ] the ordinary stitch in knitting

Question 10

roam / rəʊm $ roʊm / verb

Answer 10

1 [ intransitive and transitive ] to walk or travel, usually for a long time, with no clear purpose or direction → wander
roam over/around/about etc
The dogs are allowed to roam around.
Chickens and geese roam freely in the back yard.
You shouldn’t let your children roam the streets .
roam the countryside/desert/forests etc
Wild sheep roam the hills.

Question 11

sus‧tain W3 AC / səsteɪn / verb [ transitive ]

Answer 11

make something continue to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time SYN maintain :
She found it difficult to sustain the children’s interest.
He was incapable of sustaining close relationships with women.
the policies necessary to sustain economic growth → sustained

Question 12

drive somebody/something ↔ out phrasal verb

Answer 12

1 to force someone or something to leave :
Downtown stores are being driven out by crime.
2 written to make something stop existing :
As we went forward, our fear was driven out by horror.

Question 13

graze 1 / ɡreɪz / verb

Answer 13

1 [ intransitive and transitive ] if an animal grazes, or if you graze it, it eats grass that is growing
graze on
Groups of cattle were grazing on the rich grass.
fields where they used to graze their sheep
2 [ transitive ] to accidentally break the surface of your skin by rubbing it against something :
I fell on the gravel, severely grazing my knee.

Question 14

cat‧tle / kætl / noun [ plural ]

Answer 14

cows and bull s kept on a farm for their meat or milk :
herds of cattle
dairy/beef cattle
20/100 etc head of cattle (= 20, 100 etc cattle )
a cattle rancher

Question 15

dig something ↔ up phrasal verb

Answer 15

1 to remove something from the earth using a spade :
I’ll dig up that plant and move it.
2 to remove the surface of an area of ground, road etc, or to make holes in it :
They’re digging up the road just outside my flat.
3 to find hidden or forgotten information by careful searching :
They tried to dig up something from his past to spoil his chances of being elected.

Question 16

suc‧ces‧sion AC / səkseʃ ə n / noun

Answer 16

1 in succession happening one after the other without anything different happening in between :
She won the championship four times in succession.
in quick/rapid/close succession (= quickly one after the other )
He fired two shots in quick succession.

Question 17

anchor 2 verb

Answer 17

1 [ intransitive and transitive ] to lower the anchor on a ship or boat to hold it in one place SYN moor :
Three tankers were anchored in the harbor.
2 [ transitive usually passive ] to fasten something firmly so that it cannot move :
The shelves should be securely anchored to the wall.

Question 18

mi‧grant AC / maɪɡrənt / noun [ countable ]

Answer 18

1 someone who goes to live in another area or country, especially in order to find work → emigrant , immigrant
migrant worker/labourer
A lot of factory work is done by migrant workers.
economic migrant (= someone who goes to live in another country because they are likely to find a better job there )
2 a bird or animal that travels regularly from one part of the world to another

Question 19

sub‧si‧dy AC / sʌbsədi, sʌbsɪdi / noun ( plural subsidies ) [ countable ]

Answer 19

money that is paid by a government or organization to make prices lower, reduce the cost of producing goods etc
trade/agricultural subsidies etc
international disagreement over trade subsidies

Question 20

measure 2 W2 noun [ countable ]

Answer 20

action an action, especially an official one, that is intended to deal with a particular problem SYN step :
Measures are being taken to reduce crime in the city.
drastic/tough/extreme etc measures
drastic measures to reduce traffic problems
New safety measures were being demanded after last night’s horrific train crash.
The new bridge was erected as a temporary measure to replace the one which was destroyed by floods.
precautionary/preventative measure (= something done to stop something bad from happening )
He was kept in hospital overnight as a precautionary measure.

Question 21

a‧cre / eɪkə $ -ər / noun [ countable ]

Answer 21

1 a unit for measuring area, equal to 4,840 square yards or 4,047 square metres :
They own 200 acres of farmland.
a 200-acre wood
2 acres of space/room British English informal a large amount of space

Question 22

neg‧li‧gent / neɡlɪdʒ ə nt / adjective

Answer 22

not taking enough care over something that you are responsible for, with the result that serious mistakes are made SYN irresponsible OPP responsible
negligent in (doing) something
The report stated that Dr Brady had been negligent in not giving the patient a full examination.
Mr Brown was found guilty of negligent driving.

Question 23

vi‧cin‧i‧ty / və’sɪnəti, vɪ’sɪnəti / noun formal

Answer 23

1 in the vicinity (of something) in the area around a particular place :
The stolen car was found in the vicinity of the station.
There used to be a mill in the vicinity.
2 in the vicinity of £3 million/$1,500/2 billion years etc close to a particular amount or measurement :
All meteorites are of the same age, somewhere in the vicinity of 4.5 billion years old.

Question 24

mon‧soon / mɒnsun $ mɑn- / noun [ countable ]

Answer 24

1 [ usually singular ] the season, from about April to October, when it rains a lot in India and other southern Asian countries
2 the heavy rain that falls during the monsoon, or the wind that brings the rain

Question 25

be‧fore‧hand S3 / bɪfɔhænd $ -fɔr- / adverb

Answer 25

before something else happens or is done : The police need to be briefed beforehand on how to deal with this sort of situation. When you give a speech, it’s natural to feel nervous beforehand.

Question 26

practise what you preach

Answer 26

to do the things that you advise other people to do : She didn’t always practise what she preached. THESAURU

Question 27

wake up and smell the coffee

Answer 27

American English spoken used to tell someone to recognize the truth or reality of a situation

Question 28

wake up to something phrasal verb

Answer 28

to start to realize and understand a danger, an idea etc : | It’s time you woke up to the fact that it’s a tough world.

Question 29

mis‧place / mɪspleɪs / verb [ transitive ]

Answer 29

to lose something for a short time by putting it in the wrong place SYN mislay : Oh dear, I seem to have misplaced the letter.

Question 30

dis‧place AC / dɪspleɪs / verb [ transitive ]

Answer 30

2 to make a group of people or animals have to leave the place where they normally live : Fifty thousand people have been displaced by the fighting. 3 to force something out of its usual place or position : The water displaced by the landslides created a tidal wave.

Question 31

push somebody around ( also push somebody about British English ) phrasal verb

Answer 31

to tell someone what to do in an impolite or threatening way : Europeans sometimes feel the Americans are trying to push them around.

Question 32

have a screw loose informal

Answer 32

slightly crazy, often in an amusing way‧ "Fernando can be really weird sometimes." "Yeah, he's got a screw loose, no question."

Question 33

dig‧ni‧ty / dɪɡnəti, dɪɡnɪti / noun [ uncountable ]

Answer 33

the ability to behave in a calm controlled way even in a difficult situation with dignity The family faced their ordeal with dignity. an appearance of quiet dignity

Question 34

in‧teg‧ri‧ty AC / ɪnteɡrəti, ɪnteɡrɪti / noun [ uncountable ]

Answer 34

1 the quality of being honest and strong about what you believe to be right personal/professional/political etc integrity a man of great moral integrity 2 formal the state of being united as one complete thing : the territorial integrity of the country

Question 35

per‧ish / perɪʃ / verb

Answer 35

1 [ intransitive ] formal or literary to die, especially in a terrible or sudden way : Hundreds perished when the ship went down.

Question 36

van‧ish / vænɪʃ / verb [ intransitive ]

Answer 36

1 to disappear suddenly, especially in a way that cannot be easily explained : My keys were here a minute ago but now they’ve vanished. vanish without (a) trace/vanish off the face of the earth (= disappear so that no sign remains ) The youngster vanished without a trace one day and has never been found. The bird vanished from sight . She seemed to have just vanished into thin air (= suddenly disappeared in a very mysterious way ) .

Question 37

im‧mi‧grate AC / ɪməɡreɪt, ɪmɪɡreɪt / verb [ intransitive ]

Answer 37

to come into a country in order to live there permanently → emigrate , migrate : His father and mother immigrated when he was two.

Question 38

em‧i‧grate / eməɡreɪt, emɪɡreɪt / verb [ intransitive ]

Answer 38

to leave your own country in order to live in another country → immigrate emigrate to/from He emigrated to Australia as a young man.

Question 39

mi‧grate AC / maɪɡreɪt $ maɪɡreɪt / verb

Answer 39

1 [ intransitive + from/to ] if birds or animals migrate, they travel regularly from one part of the world to another → migratory 2 [ intransitive + from/to ] if people migrate, they go to live in another area or country, especially in order to find work → emigrate

Question 40

put out phrasal verb

Answer 40

1 fire/cigarette etc put something ↔ out to make a fire etc stop burning SYN extinguish : The rescue services are still trying to put out the fires.

Question 41

com‧bus‧tion / kəmbʌstʃ ə n / noun [ uncountable ]

Answer 41

1 the process of burning 2 technical chemical activity which uses oxygen to produce light and heat → internal combustion engine

Question 42

horde / hɔd $ hɔrd / noun [ countable ]

Answer 42

a large crowd moving in a noisy uncontrolled way horde of There were hordes of people inside the station.

Question 43

sway 2 noun [ uncountable ]

Answer 43

1 literary power to rule or influence people : These old attitudes still hold sway in the church. under sb’s sway She was now completely under his sway. 2 a swinging movement from side to side : the sway of the ship

Question 44

rag‧tag / ræɡtæɡ / adjective [ only before noun ]

Answer 44

informal a ragtag group is not tidy or properly organized : a ragtag fighting force

Question 45

hand‧ful / hændfʊl / noun

Answer 45

1 [ countable ] an amount that you can hold in your hand handful of The boy picked up a handful of stones and started throwing them at us. 2 a handful of something a very small number of people or things : There were only a handful of people there.

Question 46

Miss Nancy's

Answer 46

an effeminate boy or man : sissy t he brave?” he says in a Miss Nancy voice, and the rest of them laughed

Question 47

ven‧geance / vendʒəns / noun

Answer 47

[ uncountable ] a violent or harmful action that someone does to punish someone for harming them or their family SYN revenge : a desire for vengeance a vow of vengeance an act of vengeance

Question 48

ty‧rant / taɪərənt $ taɪr- / noun [ countable ]

Answer 48

1 a ruler who has complete power and uses it in a cruel and unfair way : The country had long been ruled by tyrants. 2 someone who has power over other people, and uses it cruelly or unfairly : My headmaster was a real tyrant.

Question 49

ban 1 W3 / bæn / noun [ countable ]

Answer 49

an official order that prevents something from being used or done ban on a total ban on cigarette advertising a call to lift the ban on homosexuals in the military → test ban

Question 50

con‧tri‧bu‧tion S2 W2 AC / kɒntrəbjuʃ ə n, kɒntrɪbjuʃ ə n $ kɑn- / noun

Answer 50

[ countable ] something that you give or do in order to help something be successful contribution to/towards Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his contribution to Quantum Theory. The school sees its job as preparing students to make a contribution to society. significant/substantial/valuable etc contribution Wolko made outstanding contributions to children’s medicine.

Question 51

sym‧pa‧thize ( also sympathise British English ) / sɪmpəθaɪz / verb [ intransitive ]

Answer 51

1 to feel sorry for someone because you understand their problems : I sympathize, but I don’t know how to help. sympathize with I can sympathize with those who have lost loved ones. 2 to support someone’s ideas or actions sympathize with The public sympathized with the miners’ strike.

Question 52

result in something phrasal verb

Answer 52

to make something happen SYN cause : | an accident that resulted in the death of two passengers

Question 53

run‧way / rʌnweɪ / noun [ countable ]

Answer 53

1 a long specially prepared hard surface like a road on which aircraft land and take off 2 American English a long narrow part of a stage that stretches out into the area where the audience sits SYN catwalk British English

Question 54

anger at /in anger

Answer 54

She struggled to control her anger at her son’s disobedience. ‘That’s a lie!’ he shouted in anger.

Question 55

o‧a‧sis / əʊeɪsəs, əʊeɪsɪs $ oʊ- / noun ( plural oases / siz / ) [ countable ]

Answer 55

1 a place with water and trees in a desert 2 a peaceful or pleasant place that is very different from everything around it SYN haven an oasis of calm/serenity/tranquillity etc The park was an oasis of peace.

Question 56

il‧lu‧sion / ɪluʒ ə n / noun [ countable ]

Answer 56

1 an idea or opinion that is wrong, especially about yourself → delusion illusion that They suffer from the illusion that they cannot solve their problems. She was under no illusion that he loved her. It is an illusion that the Arctic is dark in winter. She had no illusions about her physical attractiveness. ‘I hate to shatter your illusions,’ he said.

Question 57

de‧lu‧sion / dɪluʒ ə n / noun

Answer 57

1 [ uncountable and countable ] a false belief about yourself or the situation you are in under a delusion (that) He is under the delusion that I am going to cheat him.

Question 58

illusion&delusion

Answer 58

Though these two are not real, illusion pertains to the mind and delusion pertains to belief.

Question 59

pay off phrasal verb

Answer 59

1 pay something ↔ off to give someone all the money you owe them : I’ll pay off all my debts first. He finally paid his overdraft off. 2 if something you do pays off, it is successful or has a good result : Teamwork paid off.

Question 60

pay out phrasal verb

Answer 60

1 pay out (something) to pay a lot of money for something : Why is it always me who has to pay out? pay out (something) for Altogether he had paid out almost £5000 for the improvements. 2 pay out (something) if a company or organization pays out, it gives someone money as a result of an insurance claim, investment , competition etc : Insurance companies were slow paying out on claims for flood damage. → payout

Question 61

se‧vere / səvɪə, sɪvɪə $ -vɪr / adjective

Answer 61

COLLOCATIONS nouns severe damage The blast caused severe damage to the surrounding buildings. severe problems/difficulties The clothing industry has experienced severe problems in recent years. a severe injury/illness She had suffered severe head injuries. severe pain He was in severe pain and unable to call for help. severe depression He suffered from severe depression when he was younger. a severe case (= of a medical condition ) Hospitalization is necessary in severe cases.

Question 62

the rain pours down

Answer 62

(= a lot of rain comes down ) The rain was pouring down and I was quickly soaked.

Question 63

it is pouring with rain British English , it is pouring rain American English

Answer 63

(= a lot of rain is falling ) When we went outside it was pouring with rain.

Question 64

downpour noun [ countable usually singular ]

Answer 64

a short period of very heavy rain that starts suddenly : A sudden downpour sent us running for shelter. | a torrential downpour

Question 65

hail noun [ uncountable ]

Answer 65

frozen rain that falls in the form of HAILSTONE s (= small balls of ice ) : The hail and high winds have destroyed many of the county’s crops.

Question 66

tor‧ren‧tial / tərenʃ ə l, tɒ- $ tɔ- / adjective

Answer 66

torrential rain very heavy rain

Question 67

it never rains but it pours Bre when it rains,it pours Ame spoken

Answer 67

used to say that as soon as one thing goes wrong, a lot of other things go wrong as well

Question 68

it’s pouring (down) British English , it’s pouring (rain) American English

Answer 68

it is raining very heavily : We stayed at home because it was pouring down all day.

Question 69

it’s chucking it down British English informal

Answer 69

it is raining very heavily : Outside it was chucking it down and the streets were deserted.

Question 70

frost‧y / frɒsti $ frɒsti / adjective

Answer 70

``` 1 a) extremely cold : a beautiful frosty morning frosty air b) covered with frost : the frosty ground 2 unfriendly SYN icy frosty stare/look/tone He gave me a frosty stare. the frosty silence that followed her announcement My words got a frosty reception. ```

Question 71

blus‧ter‧y / blʌst ə ri / adjective

Answer 71

blustery weather is very windy : | a cold and blustery day

Question 72

adverse conditions

Answer 72

conditions that make it difficult for something to happen or exist : The expedition was abandoned because of adverse weather conditions.

Question 73

pose COLLOCATIONS

Answer 73

pose a threat/danger/risk The chemical leak poses a threat to human health

Question 74

responsibility for

Answer 74

No one wants to take responsibility for the problem. The surgeon accepted full responsibility for the error that led to her death.. So far no one has claimed responsibility (= said that they are responsible ) for the bombings.

Question 75

re‧spec‧tive / rɪspektɪv / adjective [ only before noun ]

Answer 75

used before a plural noun to refer to the different things that belong to each separate person or thing mentioned : We all went back to our respective homes to wait for news. the respective roles of teachers and students

Question 76

re‧spec‧tive‧ly W3 / rɪspektɪvli / adverb

Answer 76

in the same order as the things you have just mentioned : | The cups and saucers cost £5 and £3 respectively.

Question 77

dif‧fe‧rent / dɪf ə rənt / adjective

Answer 77

different from Our sons are very different from each other. different to Her jacket’s different to mine. different than American English : He seemed different than he did in New York.

Question 78

deep/deepest sympathy

Answer 78

(= used when someone is upset after a death ) We'd like to offer our deepest sympathy to Hilda and her family.

Question 79

believe in somebody/something

Answer 79

1 to be sure that someone or something exists : Do you believe in God? 2 to think that something is effective or right : I don’t believe in these diets.

Question 80

be opposed to something

Answer 80

to disagree with something such as a plan or system : | Most of us are opposed to the death penalty.

Question 81

harmful to

Answer 81

chemicals that are harmful to the environment

Question 82

beneficial to/for / benə'fɪʃ ə l◂, benɪ'fɪʃ ə l◂ / adjective

Answer 82

Cycling is highly beneficial to health and the environment.

Question 83

contribute to/towards

Answer 83

City employees cannot contribute to political campaigns.

Question 84

insist on

Answer 84

She kept insisting on her innocence.

Question 85

persist in (doing) something

Answer 85

He persisted in his refusal to admit responsibility.

Question 86

result in something phrasal verb

Answer 86

to make something happen SYN cause : | an accident that resulted in the death of two passengers

Question 87

log‧ging / lɒɡɪŋ $ lɒ-, lɑ- / noun [ uncountable ]

Answer 87

the work of cutting down trees in a forest

Question 88

invest (something) in something

Answer 88

Oliver made a fortune by investing in antique furniture. | Williams invested a large sum of money in Swiss stocks.

Question 89

sympathize with

Answer 89

I can sympathize with those who have lost loved ones. 2 to support someone’s ideas or actions sympathize with The public sympathized with the miners’ strike.

Question 90

col‧lar 1 / kɒlə $ kɑlər / noun [ countable ]

Answer 90

1 clothing the part of a shirt, coat etc that fits around your neck, and is usually folded over : He grabbed me by the collar. He loosened his collar and tie . 2 cat/dog a narrow band of leather or plastic that is fastened around an animal’s neck

Question 91

bear 1 S2 W2 / beə $ ber / verb ( past tense bore / bɔ $ bɔr / , past participle borne / bɔn $ bɔrn / ) [ transitive ]

Answer 91

6 sign/mark formal to have or show a sign, mark, or particular appearance, especially when this shows that something has happened or is true SYN have : The letter bore no signature. a car bearing diplomatic license plates The labels bear a yellow and black symbol. The town still bears the scars of the bombings during the war. The store bears the hallmarks (= it has the qualities ) of a family-owned business.

Question 92

fas‧ci‧na‧tion / fæsəneɪʃ ə n, fæsɪneɪʃ ə n / noun

Answer 92

fascination for/with Police knew of his fascination with guns. in fascination The children watched in fascination.

Question 93

invest (something) in something

Answer 93

Oliver made a fortune by investing in antique furniture. | Williams invested a large sum of money in Swiss stocks.

Question 94

sympathize with

Answer 94

I can sympathize with those who have lost loved ones. 2 to support someone’s ideas or actions sympathize with The public sympathized with the miners’ strike.

Question 95

sympathize with

Answer 95

I can sympathize with those who have lost loved ones. 2 to support someone’s ideas or actions sympathize with The public sympathized with the miners’ strike.

Question 96

col‧lar 1 S3 / kɒlə $ kɑlər / noun [ countable ]

Answer 96

1 clothing the part of a shirt, coat etc that fits around your neck, and is usually folded over : He grabbed me by the collar. He loosened his collar and tie . 2 cat/dog a narrow band of leather or plastic that is fastened around an animal’s neck

Question 97

bear 1 S2 W2 / beə $ ber / verb ( past tense bore / bɔ $ bɔr / , past participle borne / bɔn $ bɔrn / ) [ transitive ]

Answer 97

6 sign/mark formal to have or show a sign, mark, or particular appearance, especially when this shows that something has happened or is true SYN have : The letter bore no signature. a car bearing diplomatic license plates The labels bear a yellow and black symbol. The town still bears the scars of the bombings during the war. The store bears the hallmarks (= it has the qualities ) of a family-owned business.

Question 98

fas‧ci‧na‧tion / fæsəneɪʃ ə n, fæsɪneɪʃ ə n / noun

Answer 98

fascination for/with Police knew of his fascination with guns. in fascination The children watched in fascination.