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Gross II Final > Female Internal Reproductive Organs Pt. 1 > Flashcards

Female Internal Reproductive Organs Pt. 1 Flashcards

(82 cards)

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1
Q

What are the four female internal reproductive organs?

A

Ovary, uterine tube, uterus, vagina

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2
Q

Where are oocytes produced after puberty?

A

Ovaries

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3
Q

Ovaries also have what type of function beside the production of oocytes?

A

Endocrine

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4
Q

What hormones are secreted by the ovaries?

A

Estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin

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5
Q

The ovary lies in what location?

A

Ovarian fossa

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6
Q

What bounds the ovarian fossa?

A

Obliterated umbilical artery (anteriorly) and ureter/internal iliac vessels (posteriorly)

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7
Q

Is the ovary covered by peritoneum?

A

No

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8
Q

What attaches the ovary to the body of the uterus?

A

Ligament of ovary

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9
Q

What extends from the ovary to the pelvic brim and contains the ovarian vessels?

A

Suspensory ligament of ovary

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10
Q

Which ligament involved with the ovaries is solid?

A

Ligament of ovary

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11
Q

Which ligament involved with the ovaries is hollow?

A

Suspensory ligament ovary

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12
Q

What is the blood supply of the ovary?

A

Ovarian artery and ovarian branch of the uterine artery

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13
Q

The ovarian artery branches from where?

A

Abdominal aorta

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the ovary?

A

Ovarian plexus

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15
Q

What structure transports oocytes from the ovary to the uterus?

A

Uterine tubes

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16
Q

How do the uterine tubes transport oocytes from the ovary to the uterus?

A

Through ciliary action and muscular contraction

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17
Q

How long is the passage of the oocyte from the ovary to the uterus?

A

3-4 days

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18
Q

What part of the uterine tube lies inside the uterus?

A

Uterine part

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19
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the narrowest external part, nearest the uterus?

A

Isthmus

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20
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the longest and widest part of the uterine tube?

A

Ampulla

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21
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the funnel-shaped part nearest the ovary?

A

Infundibulum

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22
Q

What is the name of the opening of the uterine tube near the ovary?

A

Abdominal ostium

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23
Q

Are the abdominal ostium and ovary technically connected?

A

No; there is a small gap

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24
Q

What are the fingerlike projections around the margin of the infundibulum?

A

Fimbriae

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25
When an oocyte leaves the ovary, it is picked up by what structures and passes through the abdominal ostium?
Fimbriae
26
What is the longest fimbria that is fused to the ovary?
Ovarian fibria
27
Where does fertilization take place in general? Most commonly, where?
Uterine tube; ampulla
28
Where is the second most common place for fertilization to occur?
Infundibulum
29
What is the blood supply of the uterine tube?
Tubal branches of the uterine artery and ovarian artery
30
What is the innervation of the uterine tube?
Ovarian plexus and inferior hypogastric plexus
31
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
Development of the fetus at some site other than the uterine cavity
32
Where is the most common location of ectopic pregnancy?
Uterine tube (tubal ectopic pregnancy)
33
What is a common result of tubal ectopic pregnancy?
Rupture of the uterine tube followed by hemorrhage
34
Tubal ectopic pregnancy is usually a result of what?
Inflammation or blockage of the uterine tube
35
What are the risk factors of tubal ectopic pregnancies?
History of sexually transmitted diseases, reversal tubal ligation, and endometriosis
36
What is an abdominal ectopic pregnancy?
Implantation of the embryo in the rectouterine pouch
37
What are two other types of ectopic pregnancies?
Mesenteric and cervical ectopic pregnancies
38
What is the organ in which the fertilized oocyte normally becomes embedded and where fetal development takes place?
Uterus
39
The cavities of what structures together form the birth canal?
Uterus and vagina
40
What is a nulliparous woman?
One with no children
41
What is the uterus like in a nulliparous woman?
Walls are thick and muscular, and the uterus itself is shaped like an inverted pear
42
After menopause, how the the uterus change?
Fibrous tissue accumulates due to hormonal changes and cyst development
43
What is anteversion of the uterus?
The lower end of the uterus forms approximately a right angle with the vagina
44
What is the opposite of anteversion?
Retroversion (uterus bent backward)
45
What is anteflexion of the uterus?
The uterus is bent downward at the junction between its body and cervix
46
Which angle of the uterus is located within itself?
Anteflexion
47
What can change the position of the uterus?
Fullness of the bladder
48
What is the rounded part of the uterus located superior to the entrances of the uterine tubes?
Fundus of uterus
49
What is the main part of the uterus located inferior to the fundus and superior to the isthmus?
Body of uterus
50
Retroversion of the uterus is associated with what three things?
Severe menstrual cramps, painful parturition, and increased risk of uterine prolapse
51
What is the narrow constricted portion of the uterus found between the body and cervix?
Isthmus of uterus
52
What is another name for the isthmus of the uterus?
Internal Os
53
What is the part of the uterus that is inferior and extends from the isthmus to the opening in the vagina?
Cervix of uterus
54
What part of the cervix lies above the vagina?
Supravaginal part
55
What part of the cervix lies within the vagina?
Vaginal part
56
What is the opening of the cervical canal into the vagina?
External Os
57
Where does the uterine cavity lie?
Within the body of the uterus
58
What is the shape of the uterine cavity?
Wide above and narrow below
59
What extends from the internal os to the external os?
Cervical canal
60
Where does the cervical canal lie?
Within the cervix
61
What is the space between the bladder and uterus?
Vesicouterine pouch
62
What is the space between the rectum and uterus?
Rectouterine pouch
63
What is the double layer of peritoneum which extends from the uterus to the lateral walls of the pelvis?
Broad ligament
64
What part of the broad ligament is between the uterine tube and mesovarium?
Mesosalpinx
65
What part of the broad ligament extends posteriorly to attach the ovary and ligament of the ovary?
Mesovarium
66
What part of the broad ligament is below the mesovarium?
Mesometrium
67
What ligament attaches the uterus below and anterior to the entrance of the uterine tubes?
Round ligament
68
The round ligament is a remnant of what structure?
Gubernaculum of the ovary
69
The round ligament passes through what structure?
Inguinal canal
70
Where does the round ligament terminate?
Labia majora
71
What ligament is a thickening of pelvic fascia which passes laterally from the cervix to merge with the upper fascia of the pelvic diaphragm?
Transverse cervical (cardinal) ligament
72
What ligament passes backward from the cervix in the rectouterine fold to attach to the sacrum?
Uterosacral ligament
73
During pregnancy, pull of what ligament can lead to sacral misalignment a pain?
Uterosacral ligament
74
What ligament passes forward from the cervix lateral to the urethra to attach to the pubis?
Pubocervical ligament
75
What structure is particularly vulnerable during a hysterectomy?
Ureter
76
What structures give support to the uterus?
Pelvic diaphragm, broad ligament, pelvic viscera (bladder), and ligaments (pubocervical, transverse cervical, and utersacral)
77
What is the blood supply of the uterus?
Uterine artery and ovarian artery
78
What lymphatics drain the fundus and upper part of the body of the uterus?
Lumbar nodes
79
What lymphatics drain the lower part of the body of the uterus?
External iliac nodes
80
What lymphatics drain the cervix of the uterus?
Internal iliac nodes
81
What is the innervation of the uterus?
Uterovaginal plexus
82
What does vagina mean in Latin?
Sheath

Gross II Final (9 decks)

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