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ANAT 200 > FEMALE REPRO 2 > Flashcards

FEMALE REPRO 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what is uterine cycle

A

series of events that prepares uterus for implantation of zygote

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2
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what are 3 phases of uterine cycle

A
  1. proliferation phase
  2. secretory phase
  3. menstrual phase
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3
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what plays key role in menstrual cycle

A

hormones secreted during ovarian cycle (estrogen + progesterone)

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4
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what is the function of estrogen in uterine cycle

A

induce endometrium proliferation

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5
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what is the function of progesterone in uterine cycle

A

causes endometrium to become secretory

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6
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what does endometrium contain

A
  1. stratum functionalis

2. stratum basalis

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7
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what happens to stratum functionalis during uterine cycle

A
  1. built up towards lumen

2. shed

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8
Q

UTERINE CYCLE what makes stratum basalis diff from stratum functionalis

A

does not get shed

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9
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY what do radial arteries extend towards

A

endometrium

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10
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY what is the function of straight arteries

A

supply stratum basilis

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11
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY what is the function of spiral arteries

A

supply stratum functionalis

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12
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY how are straight arteries diff from spiral arteries

A

straight ==> do not regrow and shed

spiral ==> regrow + shed

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13
Q

ENDOMETRIAL BLOOD SUPPLY what happens when corpus luteum is degraded

A
  1. loss of progesterone
  2. spiral artery smooth muscle spasms
  3. endometrium becomes ischemic (no oxygen)
  4. endometrium dies
  5. endometrium sheds
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14
Q

what is the function of FSH in ovarian cycle

A
  • follicular maturation
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15
Q

how is follicular maturation linked to proliferative phase of uterine cycle

A
  • estrogen

- induces endometrium proliferation

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16
Q

what is the function of LH in ovarian cycle

A
  • causes ovulation
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17
Q

how is ovulation linked to secretory phase

A
  • progesterone

- causes endometrium to become secretory

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18
Q

hCG what is the function of hCG in first trimester

A
  • replace LH

- hCG will maintain corpus luteum instead of LH

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19
Q

hCG what is the function of placenta in second trimester

A
  • replace ovaries

- placenta will take over hormone secretioninsread of ovaries

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20
Q

what hormones will placenta secrete

A
  1. estrogen
  2. progesterone
  3. relaxin
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21
Q

hCG what is the function of placenta

A

connect foetus to uterine wall

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22
Q

hCG what are 6 functions of placenta

A
  1. allow nutrient intake
  2. allow thermoreg
  3. allow waste elimination
  4. allow gas exchange
  5. fight against infection
  6. produce hCG
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23
Q

CERVIX what kind of epithelial cells does cervix contain

A

columnar

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24
Q

CERVIX what do columnar cells of cervix secrete

A

mucous

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25
CERVIX what is the function of mucous
prevent vaginal bacteria from entering
26
CERVIX what does mucous have an effect on
sperm motility
27
CERVIX what happens to cervix during child birth
relaxin from placenta causes cervix to dilate
28
VAGINA what is vagina
elastic + muscular tube
29
VAGINA where does vagina start and end
cervix | vestibule to external genitalia
30
VAGINA what is vaginal fornix
where vaginal canal surround cervix
31
VAGINA what innervation does vagina have
1. somatic | 2. autonomic
32
VAGINA what are functions of vagina
1. eliminate menses 2. sex 3. form birth canal
33
VAGINA what kind of epithelial cells does vagina contain
stratified squamous epithelium
34
VAGINA what makes vagina acidic
1. waste produced by resident bacteria | 2. lactic acid
35
VAGINA how does vagina protect itself
1. acidic pH | 2. thick lamina propina
36
UTERUS what is mesometrium
broad ligament (parietal p) surrounding uterus
37
UTERUS what is myometirum
3 layers of smooth muscle
38
UTERUS what is function of myometrium
1. contraction during shedding of endometrium | 2. contraction during child birth
39
UTERUS what is endometirum
uterine lining
40
UTERUS what do uterine glands open into
endometirum
41
UTERUS what is the function of uterine gland secretions
prepare endometirum for implantation
42
UTERUS where do ovarian vessels come from
abdominal aorta
43
UTERUS what do ovarian vessels supply
1. ovaries | 2. fallopian tubes
44
UTERUS where do uterine vessels come from
internal iliac vessels
45
UTERUS where do vaginal vessels come from
internal iliac vessels
46
what do internal iliac vessels supply
pelvis
47
HOMOLOGUES what does body of penis contain
1. corpora cavernosa x2 | 2. corpora spongiosum x1
48
HOMOLOGUES what does body of clitoris contain
corpora cavernosa x2
49
HOMOLOGUES what are bulb homologues
- bulb of penis (1) | - bulbs of vestibule (2)
50
HOMOLOGUES what are bulbs of vestibule equivalent to
corpus spongiosum
51
HOMOLOGUES what are crus homologues
- crus of penis | - crus of clitoris
52
HOMOLOGUES what are gland homologues
- bulbourethral | - greater vestibular
53
HOMOLOGUES what is the function of ischiocavernous muscle
- cover corpora cavernosa
54
HOMOLOGUES what is the function of bulbospongiousus muscle
- cover bulbs of vestibule | - cover greater vestibular glands
55
HOMOLOGUES what is female homologue for prostate gland
skene's gland
56
INNERVATION what are 2 types of upper innervation
1 sympathetic | 2. parasymptathetic
57
INNERVATION sympathetic innervation
T12 to L2
58
INNERVATION parasympathetic innervation
S2 to S4
59
INNERVATION where is pain felt (sympathetic)
1. lower back | 2. abdomen (broad ligament)
60
INNERVATION where is pain felt (parasympathetic)
1. lower back | 2. perineum
61
INNERVATION what is the function of sympathetic NS
1. vasoconstriction of blood vessels | 2. ejaculation
62
INNERVATION what is the function of parasympathetic NS
1. vasodilation of blood vessels | 2. erection
63
INNERVATION what is responsible for lower innervation
- somatic motor - pudendal nerve - S2 to S4
64
INNERVATION where is pain felt (somatic motor)
1. vaginal walls | 2. perineum
65
how does breast tissue before preg compare to breast tissue after preg
- more fat before | - less fat after
66
PROLIFERATIVE what is happening at same time as proliferative phase
follicular maturation
67
PROLIFERATIVE what happens during proliferative phase (3)
1. estrogen increases 2. epithelial cells of uterine glands multiply 3. epithelial cells of uterine glands spread out across surface
68
PROLIFERATIVE what happens to functional layer by time of ovulation
1. basal functionalis thick | 2. basil functionalis vascularized
69
SECRETORY PHASE what is happening at same time as secretory phase
luteal phase
70
SECRETORY PHASE what happens during secretory phase (2)
1. estrogen increases | 2. uterine glands increase rate of secretions
71
SECRETORY PHASE what hormones are responsible for increased rate of secretions
estrogen + progesterone
72
SECRETORY PHASE how long will secretory phase persist
until CL present
73
MENSTRUAL PHASE what happens during menstrual phase (2)
1. decrease sex hormone levels | 2. basil functionalis degenerates
74
MENSTRUAL PHASE when does follicular maturation begin
at beginning of mensural pahse

ANAT 200 (9 decks)

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