Female Reproductive System

Question 1

female gonads

Answer 1

ovaries, 2, produce gamates and sex hormones

Question 2

gamates

Answer 2

oocytes

Question 3

oocytes

Answer 3

found in the follicles of cortex of ovary, females total egg supply is complete before birth

Question 4

uterine tube

Answer 4

receive egg ejected from ovary, at distal end is ampulla, egg is carried to uterus by cilia and peristalsis

Question 5

uterus

Answer 5

size of inverted pear, 3 layers perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

Question 6

oogensis

Answer 6

process of making ova

Question 7

oogenesis before birth

Answer 7

all primordial follicles are present and contain primary oocyte arrested in prophase

Question 8

oogenesis unitl menopause

Answer 8

primordial follicle begins to grow and develop

Question 9

oogenesis from puberty to menopause

Answer 9

some vesicular follicles are rescued each month and the primary oocyte completes meiosis 1

Question 10

ovarian cycle

Answer 10

follicular phase, ovulatoin, luteal phase

Question 11

follicular phase

Answer 11

1-14 days, period of follicle growth

Question 12

steps of follicular phase

Answer 12

1. primordial follicle activated
2. follicle grows
3. when there is more layers of granulosa cells, the follicle becomes a secondary follicle
4. oocyte growth is extensive and becomes vesciular follicle full size, burst and releases secondary oocyte

Question 13

luteal phase

Answer 13

after ovulation ruptures, follicle collapses, granulosa enlarges and forms corpus lutem

Question 14

corpus luteum

Answer 14

endocrine gland and secretes estrogen and progesterone

Question 15

if no pregnancy occurs the corpus luteum,..

Answer 15

degenerates in 10 days, becomes a scar on ovary

Question 16

if pregnancy occurs, corpus luteum…

Answer 16

continues for 3 months

Question 17

leptin

Answer 17

makes hypothalamus less sensitive to estrogen and puberty begin

Question 18

early and midfollicular phases

Answer 18

1. GnRh stimulates ant. pit to release fsh and lh at puberty
2. Fsh-follicular maturation and growth. LH- stimulates thecal cells to release androgens then estrogen
3. Estrogen causes inhibition of ant. pit. to stop release of FSH and LH
4. Inhibin is released from granulosa called to also inhibit FSH and LH

Question 19

late follicular and luteal phase

Answer 19

4. follicle continues to produce estrogen, cause LH surge
5. LH surge triggers ovulation, primary oocycte completes meiosis 1
6. Pro and estrogen now inhibit LH release along with inhibin.

Question 20

LH surge

Answer 20

primary oocyte to meiosis 1, triggers event that leads to ovulation, transforms ruptured follicle in to corpus luteum

Question 21

pregnancy

Answer 21

sperm and egg chromosomes combine and replicate that produces 2 daughter cells

Question 22

blasomere

Answer 22

2 cells, 2 days

Question 23

morula

Answer 23

16 cells, 3 days

Question 24

blastocyte

Answer 24

100 cells, 4-5 days, implants 6-7 days after ovulation

Question 25

window for fertilizaton

Answer 25

3 days before ovulationn, one after

Question 26

HCG

Answer 26

human chorionic gonadotrophin, instructs corpus luteum to continue secreting proestrogen and estrogen

Question 27

estrogen

Answer 27

endometrium, stimulates growth of uterus and mammary glands, drops at birth

Question 28

progesterone

Answer 28

quiets myometrium, drops at birth

Question 29

placenta

Answer 29

stimulate milk for lactaction

Question 30

relaxin

Answer 30

relaxes pelvic ligament and pubic symphsis

Question 31

birth

Answer 31

estrogen peaks, then decreases, uterus forms oxytocic receptors that stimulates myometrium to contract

Question 32

stages of labor

Answer 32

dialtion, expulsion, placental

Question 33

dialation

Answer 33

from onset of labor until cervix is fully dilation, initial contractions are 15-30 mins apart for 10-30s

Question 34

expulsion

Answer 34

from full dialation to delivery of infant, contractions 2-3 mins, lasting 1 min

Question 35

placental stage

Answer 35

delivery of placenta within 30mins after birth