FeNO,Eosinophils,Air And Marts Flashcards
(12 cards)
Eosinophils are what?
A type of white blood cell - leukocyte that release inflammatory mediators
High eosinophil levels = airway inflammation,swelling and mucus production
This inflammation makes the airways more reactive, leading to wheezing, coughing and breathlessness
How to test for them?
Blood test, high eosinophils - more than 300 cells - suggests asthma
What is FeNO
Concentration of nitric oxide in exhales breath
- marker of airway inflammation - eosinophilic asthma
This helps with -
- diagnosis of asthma
- predicts response to steroid inhalers
- Has patient been adherent with treatment
How is feNO and Eosinophils testing linked??
FeNO greater than 50 in adults suggest eosinophillic inflammation
FeNO + eosinophil count together help in diagnosing steroid responsive asthma
FeNO inaccuracies
From food rich in nitrate, smoking or current infection
Leafy greens, processed meats, root veg
FeNO levels
More than 25 in adults /20 in children - unlikely eosinophillic inflammation so asthma les likely
25-50 or 20-35 children - intermediate so requires clinical correlation
More than 50 /more than 35 in children - suggest eosinophillic inflammation
What are marts?
Used regularly everyday
Maintain asthma control and prevent symptoms
MART = ICS+LABA in one inhaler
Reliever - AIR
Use when needed short of breath
QUICK relief of asthma symptoms
AIR THERAPY = ICS+LABA in one inhaler
AIR: Anti-inflammatory reliever therapy = ICS +LABA
Inhaled corticosteroid and for eternal in one inhaler
Each puff of an inhaler will contain a low dose of an inhaled corticosteroid:
- lowers the risk of asthma attacks requiring high dose steroid tablets
- needs less steroid overall
When this is used in response to symptoms without regular maintenance therapy it is called a - as needed air therapy
AIR therapy as needed - licensed inhalers contain budesonide and formeterol
People using AIR do not need a SABA
MART Maintenance and Reliever therapy = ICS + LABA
Difference between AIR and MART: MART used for maintenance as well as needed eg. Two puffs BD plus when required up to 8 puffs a day
Mart is a combination of ICS +LABA inside one inhaler Each puff
People using mart don’t need SABA
LOW/Moderate dose MART
The terms low dose MART and moderate dose MART refer to the dosage of the ICS maintenance component of MART
MART - ???
Maintenance and reliever therapy
MART = ICS+ LABA (Inside one inhaler device)
Including fostair,symbicort, duoresp, spiromax, Fobumix
