Flashcards in Filamentous - Nocardia/Actinomyces/Dermatophilus Deck (30)
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1
Nocardia - descriptive statement
Aerobic, gram positive, saprophytic, partially acid-fast
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Nocardia - disease processes
Generalized suppurative & pyogranulomatous processes
Nocardia asteroides=Most common species
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Nocardia Transmission
Soil & water, inhalation, trauma & ingestion
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Nocardia - diseases
Immunodeficiency in humans & animals - Bovine mastitis!
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Nocardia pathogenesis
Suppurative - Variable granulomatous features - Lymph nodes involvement
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Nocardia in ruminants
Mastitis! Bovine Farcy! Pneumonia - Abortion - Lymphadenitis
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Bovine Farcy DDx!***
Nocardia farcinca - Mycobacterium farcinogenes -M. senegalense
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Nocardia in horses/swine
Immunosuppressed animals - Nocardioform placentitis- actually caused by Crossiella equi
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Nocardia in dogs/cats
Debilitating, febrile illness, LUMPY JAW
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When I say Lumpy Jaw in dogs/cats, you say...
Nocardia cyriacigeneorgica
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Actinomyces - Where is it found
Found on oral MM, tooth surfaces, endogenous - infectious - sometimes from bites
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Actinomyces pathology
Pyogranulomatous reactions! - Lumpy Jaw in Ruminants, humans & marsupials
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When I say Lumpy Jaw in Ruminants, humans & marsupials, you say...
Actinomyces bovis!
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Actinomyces bovis pathogenesis
A bovis: oral mucosa--> traumatic event to mandible (alveolar/paralveolar regions) --> chronic rarefying osteomyelitis --> replacement with porous bone, dislodge teeth, can't chew, mandibular fractures
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Main difference from Actinomyces bovis and Nocardiosis?
Actinomyces bovis is very unlikely to disseminate. Stays local, in jaw
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Actinomyces in horse
Poll evil and fistulous withers (consider DDx), some cervical lymphadenitis
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Actinomyces in Dogs & Cats
A. viscosus - Suppurative serositis, discospondylitis, cutaneous=rare (nodulo-ulcerative lymphangitis)
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Actinomyces in Swine
Mastitis, abortion, pneumonia
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How to treat Actinomyces infection>
Iodine compounds (careful with toxicity)
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Dermatophilus congolensis
Exudative epidermitis
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Dermatophilus in cattle
Dermatophilosis or streptothricosis
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Dermatophilus in horses
Rain scald - rain rot - grease heal
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When I say Rain scald, rain rot, grease heal, you say...
Dermatophilus in horses
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When I say strawberry foot rot & lumpy wool in sheep, you say...
Dermatophilus in sheep
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What environment is best for dermatophilus?
WET & tropical - high humidity! (Africa & caribbean)
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How is dermatophilus spread?
Contact - Fomites - Tick vector (Ambylomma variegatum)
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What species of tick spreads dermatophilus?
Amblyomma variegatum
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What stain is best for dermatophilus?
Giemsa
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What do Dermatophilus congolensis look like under the microscope?
Train tracks!
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