Final

Question 1

Animals are heterotrophic True or false

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is an epithelium

Answer 2

It is the surface of animals, it is made of tightly linked cells

Question 3

What germ layers are in triploplastic animals?

Answer 3

1. Ectoderm
2. Mesoderm
3. Endoderm

Question 4

Animals with bilateral symmetry have at least two planes of symmetry true or false

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Animals that retain eggs inside their bodies and when they hatch their mothers give birth to them this method every production is called being what

Answer 5

Ovovivparous

Question 6

To make the transition to land new adaptations were needed for protosomes to overcome three challenges what are those three challenges

Answer 6

1. Exchange of gases
2. Keep from drying out

3.weight of their own body

Question 7

What is the purpose of a Visceral mass of mollusks

Answer 7

Visceral mass of mollusks hold important organs of the mollusks

Question 8

Starfish are the only mollusks to modify their feet into tentacles

Answer 8

False

Question 9

Insects have their bodies divided into two regions: the cephalothorax and abdomen

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Describe the gill-co hypothesis

Answer 10

States that the origin of wings came from the overgrowth of gills that then attached to legs

Question 11

What are the four morphological features found in developing chordates

Answer 11

1. Pharyngeal gill slits
2. Dorsal hollow nerve cord
3. Notochord
4. Muscular post anal tail

Question 12

Which of the following regions of the brain is responsible for vision

Answer 12

Midbrain

Question 13

How did the gill arch shape the first working jaw

Answer 13

The gill arch hypothesis states the origin of the jaw came from the mutation of the anterior to increase in size moving forward to form the first working jaw

Question 14

All Reptiles are ectothermic

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Bipedalism is a Synamorphy The Defines hominins

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Define segmentation

Answer 16

It is when the species is divided up into segments so they are able to move better

Question 17

What is one thing that occurred in the diversification of animals

Answer 17

Evolution of predation

Question 18

True or false Cephalochordates and urochordates Are considered invertebrate chordates

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Define cranium

Answer 19

The cranium is a bodily structure that encases the brain

Question 20

Give an example of parental care

Answer 20

Teaching young survival skills

Question 21

What is the advantage and disadvantage of parental care in animals

Answer 21

The advantage is that there is a higher chance of the young to survive and reproduce in the future however the disadvantage is that parents had to exert more time and energy

Question 22

Name one Fundamental feature that eukaryotes possess

Answer 22

Multicellularity

Question 23

Define the global carbon cycle

Answer 23

Global carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon movement in the atmosphere to land then to ocean environment and back again into atmosphere creating a cycle

Question 24

Compare and contrast symbiosis and endosymbiosis

Answer 24

Symbiosis is when species lives amongst one another where Endosymbiosis is when cells of one species lives inside a cell of another

Question 25

True or false multicellularity refers to organisms that have more than one cell

Answer 25

True

Question 26

True or false: gametophyte is a multicellular diploid form

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Name one ecosystem service plants provide

Answer 27

Regulate local climate

Question 28

Which of the following land plants include mosses

Answer 28

Nonvascular plants

Question 29

Which of the following adaptations did plants need to live on land?

Answer 29

Prevent water loss UV radiation Movement of water in tissues

Question 30

What do antheridium and archegonium produce

Answer 30

Antheridium produce sperm Archegonium produce eggs

Question 31

Define Heterospory

Answer 31

Produce different spores by different structures

Question 32

True or false mycorrhizal is fungi that live along with the roots but are not in close association with them

Answer 32

False

Question 33

Which of the following are described as club like cells that are formed at the end of a Hyphae

Answer 33

Basidia

Question 34

True or false commensalism is a symbiotic Relationship where one benefits but the other does not nor is it harmed

Answer 34

True

Question 35

Define heterokaryotic

Answer 35

Heterokaryotic is when two different nuclei fuse to form haploid hyphae zygote

Question 36

True or false: A pandemic is a disease that rapidly infects a large number of inclividuals over a widening area

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Why is it serious when HIV destroys our t-helper cells?

Answer 37

It is serious because HIV causes the T- helper cell count to drop which weakens the immune system with a weak immune system the body is more susceptible to disease

Question 38

Which of the following is described as a single RNA genome containing one positive and one. Negative sense region

Answer 38

Ambisense

Question 39

Name the common phases of replicative growth in viruses hint: the stages of a virus life cycle

Answer 39

1. Attachment to host and entry to cytosol 2. Viral genome transcription and production of viral proteins 3. Viral genome replication 4. Assembly of new Virions 5. Exit host 6. Transmission to another host cell

Question 40

True or false HIV is known as a retrovirus

Answer 40

True

Question 41

True or false the reverse transcriptase is responsible for transcribing RNA to DNA in retroviruses

Answer 41

True

Question 42

What was Plato’s claim or take on evolution

Answer 42

Plato followed the typological thinking where organisms created by God are made in perfect essence and Unchanging

Question 43

Define vestigial traits

Answer 43

It is the little to no function of a trait in an organism.it canbe seen in an organism or not necessarily.

Question 44

What an the 3 levels of Homology??

Answer 44

1 - genetic 2- developmental 3- structural

Question 45

Which of the following is defined as a “heritable trait that increases an individuals fitness in a particular environment relative to individuals lacking that trait”

Answer 45

Adaptation

Question 46

True or false: acclimation is the same as adaptation

Answer 46

False

Question 47

Define fitness trade-off:

Answer 47

It is the compromise of traits where gaining that trait can benefit but also have some down sides to it

Question 48

Which of the following processes is described as “causing allele frequencies to change randomly”

Answer 48

Genetic drift

Question 49

What are hardy Weinberg’s five assumptions

Answer 49

No mutations No natural selection No genetic drift No gene flow Random mating 

Question 50

True or false inbreeding decreases the frequencies of homozygous recessive individuals

Answer 50

False

Question 51

Natural selection occurs in patterns and modes what are they

Answer 51

Directional selection Balancing selection Stabilizing selection Disruptive selection

Question 52

True or false: intrasexual selection is also known as mate choice

Answer 52

False

Question 53

Give an example of sexual dimorphism

Answer 53

Male deer have antler weaponry, but females do not have weaponry

Question 54

Which of the following are part of the three criteria for identifying a species

Answer 54

Biological species concept Morphological species concept Phylogenetic species concept

Question 55

True or false prezygotic isolation is when a hybrid is born but it is either not viable or sterile

Answer 55

False

Question 56

True of false vicariance is the physical splitting of a habitat

Answer 56

True

Question 57

What is a allopolyploidy

Answer 57

It is a mutation where two different organisms come together and offspring has two chromosome of copies

Question 58

Contrast an ancestral and derived trait

Answer 58

An ancestor trait are traits that come from ancestors whereas derived traits are modified ancestral traits from the species

Question 59

Which of the following fossils is the result of “remains decomposed after burial and dissolved minerals create a cast in the remaining hole”

Answer 59

Cast fossils

Question 60

Name one method an infectious disease can spread

Answer 60

Ingestion of contaminated substances like food and water

Question 61

True or false conjugation is when genetic info is transferred by direct cell to cell contact

Answer 61

True