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US History > Final 150 > Flashcards

Final 150 Flashcards

1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To acquire new land and to spread Christianity

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

Joint Stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

Establishment of the Virginia company that spent most of time looking for silver and gold-tobacco saved Jamestown

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4
Q

John Smith

A

First governor of Jamestown -built relationship with chief Powhatan

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

Known for saving John Smiths life & also ; bringing peace between Britain & and ; also; Native Americans relations after her marriage to John Rolfe

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Husband of Powhatan’s daughter Pocahontas

  • sold first crop in England
  • this tobacco led Virginia to prosper
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7
Q

Tobacco

A

Helped Virginia company to grow and prosper

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Led by the “greatest rebel in Virginia”,Nathaniel Bacon

-was to show that settlers were not happy with being restricted to the coast

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

The colony of the pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Settlers that came to Plymouth/America on the Mayflower

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11
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

Document signed by the pilgrims to set up and organized and orderly government

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12
Q

William Bradford

A

Leader of the pilgrims for 30 years

  • mad thanksgiving a holiday
  • wrote Plymouth Plantation
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13
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Native Americans who made peace with the pilgrims and helped the settlers make peace with the settlers

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14
Q

Puritans

A

Group with Biblical based Ideas

  • known for the Salem witch trials
  • not tolerant of other religions
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15
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

John Winthrop’s colony of the Puritans

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16
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor of the Puritans

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17
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

-disagreed with Puritans so we’re kicked out of Massachusetts Bay Colony and then formed Rhode Island

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18
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft where many were falsely accused and killed

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19
Q

William Penn

A

A Quaker who founded Pennsylvania that wrote there constitution

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20
Q

Quakers

A

Tolerant of other religions

  • refused to fight or use force
  • everyone is equal in Gods sight
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21
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refuse to fight in wars or use force

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22
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Set up Georgia

-Georgia was a buffer state or state set up to divide

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23
Q

First Great Awakening

A

Religious revival that swept through the colonies

-belief spreads that, through God all are equal

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24
Q

Triangular Trade

A

System in which slaves,crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and American Colonies

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25
Q

Poor Richards Almanac,Albany Plan of Union, and Join or die cartoon

A
  • almanac for common sense sake
  • plan for colonies to defend themselves from French
  • first political cartoon in America
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26
Q

John Peter Zenger Trial

A

Zenger accused governor of New York of corruption in the New York weekly Journal and was thrown in jIl
-was found not guilty what ch led to freedom of the press

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27
Q

Cause of French and War

A

After the Albany Plan of union failed war began

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28
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Was used to put an end to fighting

-halted western expansion by settlers of Appalachian mountains to appease the Native Americans

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29
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Tax on mole asses to try and convince people to stop smuggling

  • during this British officers were allowed to seize goods without court
  • which goes against idea of “innocent till proven guilty”
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30
Q

The Stamp Act

A

Placed a tax on al lost all printed material in the colonies

31
Q

The Boston Massacre

A

A slaughter of innocent Americans by Redcoats which was used as a form of propaganda, info. designed to influence opinion

32
Q

Boston Tea Party

A
  • Midnight Dec. 16,1773 A group of colonists led by the Sons of Liberty board an East Indian boat and threw all the tea into the Boston harbor
  • used for response of Tea Act
33
Q

The Intolerable/Coercive Acts

A

Named because these ad s closed Boston Harbor till tea was paid for
-Great Britain tried to isolate Boston,but we’re not successful

34
Q

Patrick Henry

A

Said “I am not a Virginian, but an American”.

35
Q

Samuel Adams and Sons of Liberty

A

Adams started Sons of Liberty

-protesters of the Stamp Act

36
Q

John Hancock

A

Owner of The Liberty

-also well known protestor

37
Q

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

A

Called for America to have independence from Great Britain

38
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

July 4,1776

  • in Philadelphia
  • written by Thomas Jefferson
  • explained why colonies chose to form a new nation
39
Q

Cause of American Revolutionary War

A

British taxes

40
Q

Loyalists

A

Also known as Tories

  • they were colonists still loyal to Great Britain
  • about 20% were Tories
41
Q

Patriots

A
  • rebels

- determined to fight till independence was won

42
Q

Battles of Lexington and Concord

A

Was the battle where Minutemen fired the “shot heard’ round the world”

43
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

Turning point of the Revolutionary war

-after Saratoga France and Spain became allies of the colonies

44
Q

Winter at Valley Forge

A

-a time of terrible suffering without decent food,clothing,or shelter for Washington and his troops

45
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

Last major battle of the American Revolution

46
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

Was the head of the Battle of Saratoga

47
Q

Lead Commander of the Patriots troops in the war

A

George Washington

48
Q

Marquis de La Fayette

A

A leader at Valley Forge

- believed that the future of America influenced the future of mankind

49
Q

Fredrich Von Steuben

A

Drilled the troops at Valley forge

-known for teaching the continental army essentials of military and disclipne

50
Q

Francis Marion

A

Also known as swamp fox

-father of guerrilla warfare-a hit and run war technique

51
Q

Guerrilla warfare

A

A hit and run war technique

52
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

Great Britain recognized US as an independent nation

53
Q

Northwest ordinance of 1787

A

Created a territory out of the lands North of the Ohio River and East of the Mississippi River
-first attempt in US history to stop the spread of slavery

54
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

The original constitution of the US that provided a week central government

55
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

Uprising of Massachusetts farmers to fight the government taxes on poor farmers
-revealed need God a stronger government

56
Q

The Great Compromise

A

Established the model for congress used to this day

57
Q

The 3/5 compromise

A

Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person
-helped them gain more delegates in House of Representatives

58
Q

The Us Constitution

A

James Madison is father of the Constitution

  • 1787
  • used to creat a new system of government for the nation
59
Q

Bill of Rights

A

1st-10th Amendments of the constitution

-limit power of government and protected rights of individual

60
Q

1st Amendment

A

Freedom of speech,press,right to assembly,and petition

61
Q

2nd Amendment

A

Right to bear arms

62
Q

3rd Amendment

A

Government can’t force US citizens to house soldiers in there phone

63
Q

4th Amendment

A

US citizens are protected unreasonable searches of a persons property

64
Q

5th Amendment

A

The government cannot force people to testify against themselves in court

65
Q

6th Amendment

A

US citizens have the right to a speedy trial

66
Q

Three Branches of Government

A 
Legislative 
-makes laws
Executive
-signs laws
Judicial
-decides if laws are constitutional
67
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government

68
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Was secretary of treasury

69
Q

Alien Sedition Acts

A

Alien - Allowed Presidents to deport aliens
Sedition - a crime to speak or write false criticism to try and weaken the government
-contradicts the first amendment

70
Q

John Sevier

A

1st governor of TN

71
Q

Natchez Trace

A

Trade route for farmers to get back home from Nashville to Mississippi after selling crops down the Mississippi River

72
Q

Marbury v. Madison

A

Landmark court case that established judicial review

-was the first time Supreme Court decided something was unconstitutional

73
Q

Judicial Review

A

-the court can nullify actions of other branches

74
Q

McCulloch v. Maryland

A

Supreme Court case over states’ rights

US History (13 decks)

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