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Final 150 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To acquire new land and to spread Christianity

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

Joint Stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

Establishment of the Virginia company that spent most of time looking for silver and gold-tobacco saved Jamestown

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4
Q

John Smith

A

First governor of Jamestown -built relationship with chief Powhatan

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

Known for saving John Smiths life & also ; bringing peace between Britain & and ; also; Native Americans relations after her marriage to John Rolfe

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Husband of Powhatan’s daughter Pocahontas

  • sold first crop in England
  • this tobacco led Virginia to prosper
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7
Q

Tobacco

A

Helped Virginia company to grow and prosper

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Led by the “greatest rebel in Virginia”,Nathaniel Bacon

-was to show that settlers were not happy with being restricted to the coast

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

The colony of the pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Settlers that came to Plymouth/America on the Mayflower

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11
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

Document signed by the pilgrims to set up and organized and orderly government

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12
Q

William Bradford

A

Leader of the pilgrims for 30 years

  • mad thanksgiving a holiday
  • wrote Plymouth Plantation
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13
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Native Americans who made peace with the pilgrims and helped the settlers make peace with the settlers

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14
Q

Puritans

A

Group with Biblical based Ideas

  • known for the Salem witch trials
  • not tolerant of other religions
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15
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

John Winthrop’s colony of the Puritans

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16
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governor of the Puritans

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17
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

-disagreed with Puritans so we’re kicked out of Massachusetts Bay Colony and then formed Rhode Island

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18
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft where many were falsely accused and killed

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19
Q

William Penn

A

A Quaker who founded Pennsylvania that wrote there constitution

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20
Q

Quakers

A

Tolerant of other religions

  • refused to fight or use force
  • everyone is equal in Gods sight
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21
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refuse to fight in wars or use force

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22
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Set up Georgia

-Georgia was a buffer state or state set up to divide

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23
Q

First Great Awakening

A

Religious revival that swept through the colonies

-belief spreads that, through God all are equal

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24
Q

Triangular Trade

A

System in which slaves,crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and American Colonies

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25
Poor Richards Almanac,Albany Plan of Union, and Join or die cartoon
- almanac for common sense sake - plan for colonies to defend themselves from French - first political cartoon in America
26
John Peter Zenger Trial
Zenger accused governor of New York of corruption in the New York weekly Journal and was thrown in jIl -was found not guilty what ch led to freedom of the press
27
Cause of French and War
After the Albany Plan of union failed war began
28
Proclamation of 1763
Was used to put an end to fighting | -halted western expansion by settlers of Appalachian mountains to appease the Native Americans
29
The Sugar Act
Tax on mole asses to try and convince people to stop smuggling - during this British officers were allowed to seize goods without court - which goes against idea of "innocent till proven guilty"
30
The Stamp Act
Placed a tax on al lost all printed material in the colonies
31
The Boston Massacre
A slaughter of innocent Americans by Redcoats which was used as a form of propaganda, info. designed to influence opinion
32
Boston Tea Party
- Midnight Dec. 16,1773 A group of colonists led by the Sons of Liberty board an East Indian boat and threw all the tea into the Boston harbor - used for response of Tea Act
33
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Named because these ad s closed Boston Harbor till tea was paid for -Great Britain tried to isolate Boston,but we're not successful
34
Patrick Henry
Said "I am not a Virginian, but an American".
35
Samuel Adams and Sons of Liberty
Adams started Sons of Liberty | -protesters of the Stamp Act
36
John Hancock
Owner of The Liberty | -also well known protestor
37
Thomas Paine's Common Sense
Called for America to have independence from Great Britain
38
Declaration of Independence
July 4,1776 - in Philadelphia - written by Thomas Jefferson - explained why colonies chose to form a new nation
39
Cause of American Revolutionary War
British taxes
40
Loyalists
Also known as Tories - they were colonists still loyal to Great Britain - about 20% were Tories
41
Patriots
- rebels | - determined to fight till independence was won
42
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Was the battle where Minutemen fired the "shot heard' round the world"
43
Battle of Saratoga
Turning point of the Revolutionary war | -after Saratoga France and Spain became allies of the colonies
44
Winter at Valley Forge
-a time of terrible suffering without decent food,clothing,or shelter for Washington and his troops
45
Battle of Yorktown
Last major battle of the American Revolution
46
Benedict Arnold
Was the head of the Battle of Saratoga
47
Lead Commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
48
Marquis de La Fayette
A leader at Valley Forge | - believed that the future of America influenced the future of mankind
49
Fredrich Von Steuben
Drilled the troops at Valley forge | -known for teaching the continental army essentials of military and disclipne
50
Francis Marion
Also known as swamp fox | -father of guerrilla warfare-a hit and run war technique
51
Guerrilla warfare
A hit and run war technique
52
Treaty of Paris 1783
Great Britain recognized US as an independent nation
53
Northwest ordinance of 1787
Created a territory out of the lands North of the Ohio River and East of the Mississippi River -first attempt in US history to stop the spread of slavery
54
Articles of Confederation
The original constitution of the US that provided a week central government
55
Shay's Rebellion
Uprising of Massachusetts farmers to fight the government taxes on poor farmers -revealed need God a stronger government
56
The Great Compromise
Established the model for congress used to this day
57
The 3/5 compromise
Allowed southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one free person -helped them gain more delegates in House of Representatives
58
The Us Constitution
James Madison is father of the Constitution - 1787 - used to creat a new system of government for the nation
59
Bill of Rights
1st-10th Amendments of the constitution | -limit power of government and protected rights of individual
60
1st Amendment
Freedom of speech,press,right to assembly,and petition
61
2nd Amendment
Right to bear arms
62
3rd Amendment
Government can't force US citizens to house soldiers in there phone
63
4th Amendment
US citizens are protected unreasonable searches of a persons property
64
5th Amendment
The government cannot force people to testify against themselves in court
65
6th Amendment
US citizens have the right to a speedy trial
66
Three Branches of Government
``` Legislative -makes laws Executive -signs laws Judicial -decides if laws are constitutional ```
67
Whiskey Rebellion
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
68
Alexander Hamilton
Was secretary of treasury
69
Alien Sedition Acts
Alien - Allowed Presidents to deport aliens Sedition - a crime to speak or write false criticism to try and weaken the government -contradicts the first amendment
70
John Sevier
1st governor of TN
71
Natchez Trace
Trade route for farmers to get back home from Nashville to Mississippi after selling crops down the Mississippi River
72
Marbury v. Madison
Landmark court case that established judicial review | -was the first time Supreme Court decided something was unconstitutional
73
Judicial Review
-the court can nullify actions of other branches
74
McCulloch v. Maryland
Supreme Court case over states' rights

US History (13 decks)

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