Final

Question 1

Salmonella: Signs

Answer 1

Bloody v/d

Question 2

Campylobacter: Signs

Answer 2

mucousy diarrhea, inc. frequency

Question 3

Helicobacter: Signs

Answer 3

v/d, wt loss

Question 4

Helicobacter: Tx

Answer 4

triple therapy

Question 5

Brucellosis: Common Transmission

Answer 5

aborted material

Question 6

Brucellosis: Signs

Answer 6

M - enlarged scrotum, infertility, testicular atrophy

F - infertility, abortion

Question 7

Actinomyces: Origin

Answer 7

Oral cavity

Question 8

Actinomyces: Tx

Answer 8

penicillin

Question 9

Nocardia: Commonly causes

Answer 9

pyothorax

Question 10

Nocardia: Tx

Answer 10

TMS

Question 11

Borrelia burgdorferi: Osp in tick salivary gland?

Answer 11

OspC

Question 12

When to sign from Lyme dz develop?

Answer 12

2-5 mo post infection

Question 13

Borrelia burgdorferi: Tx

Answer 13

Doxycycline

Question 14

Leptopirosis: Signs

Answer 14

Liver and kidney failure

Question 15

Lepto: Tx

Answer 15

doxycycline

Question 16

What is the pathophysiology for most rickettsial organisms?

Answer 16

rickettsia replicate in endothelial cells => inc. permiability => leakage + vasculitis => dec. plateletes

Question 17

What WBC does Ehrlichia infect?

Answer 17

mononuclear

Question 18

What WBC does Anaplasma infect?

Answer 18

neutrophils

Question 19

Neosporosis: Signs

Answer 19

pelvic extensor rigidity

Question 20

Neosporosis: Tx

Answer 20

clindamycin

Question 21

What cell do Mycoplasma infect?

Answer 21

RBC

Question 22

Mycoplasma: Tx

Answer 22

doxycycline

Question 23

What cell do Cytauxzoon infect?

Answer 23

RBC

Question 24

Cytauxzoon: Signs

Answer 24

dyspnea, icterus, pale mm, splenomgaly

Question 25

Sporotrichosis: Forms

Answer 25

cutaneous, cutaneolymphatic, disseminated

Question 26

Sporotrichosis: Tx

Answer 26

itraconazole

Question 27

Hypothyroidism: Signs

Answer 27

lethargy, obesity, cold intolerance, skin issues, pale MM, bradycardia

Question 28

Hypothyroid: Hormone Levels

Answer 28

dec. TT4 + fT4; inc. TSH

Question 29

Euthyroid Sick Syndrome: Hormone Levels

Answer 29

dec. TT4; normal fT4 + TSH

Question 30

Hypothyroid: Dx

Answer 30

TSH stim, signs + Hormone levels

Question 31

Hypothyroid: Tx

Answer 31

replacement therapy, monitoring

Question 32

Hyperthyroid: Causes

Answer 32

hyperplasia/neoplasia

Question 33

Hyperthyroid: Signs

Answer 33

PU/PD, PP, v/d, enlarged thyroid

Question 34

Hyperthyroid: Dx

Answer 34

signs, high TT4

Question 35

Hyperthyroid: Tx Options

Answer 35

diet, meds, surgical, radiotherapy

Question 36

Hyperadrenocorticism: Signs

Answer 36

pot belly, PU/PD, PP, muscle weakness, wt. gain, stress leukogram

Question 37

Hyperadrenocorticism: Dx

Answer 37

urinary cortisol:creatinine ratio, ACTH stim, LDDT

Question 38

Hyperadrenocorticism: ACTH Stim (+) Test Results

Answer 38

significantly inc. cortisol

Question 39

Hyperadrenocorticism: LDDT (+) Test Results

Answer 39

lack of suppression of ACTH or immediate recovery of ACTH (PDHAC)

Question 40

Hyperadrenocorticism: Differentiating Tests

Answer 40

ACTH Assay - inc. = PDHAC, dec. = ADHAC

Question 41

Hyperadrenocorticism: Tx

Answer 41

meds - Trilostane, mitotane; sx

Question 42

Hypoadrenocorticism: Causes

Answer 42

immune mediated, iatrogenic

Question 43

Hypoadrenocorticism: Signs of Crisis

Answer 43

dehydration, inc. CRT, anorexia, vomiting, pale mm, anemia, lack of stress leukogram

Question 44

Hypoadrenocorticism: Dx

Answer 44

ACTH Stim - no change (low)

Question 45

Hypoadrenocorticism: Crisis Tx

Answer 45

fluids, control hyperkalemia

Question 46

Hypoadrenocorticism: Long-term Tx

Answer 46

Fludrocortisone (M+G), DOCP (M)

Question 47

Diabetes Mellitus: Signs

Answer 47

PU/PD, PP, wt. loss, exercise intolerance, recurrent UTI

Question 48

Diabetes Mellitus: Dx

Answer 48

glucoseuria, inc. BG (not caused by stress), Fructosamines

Question 49

Diabetes Mellitus: Tx balances

Answer 49

diet, insulin, exercise

Question 50

Diabetes Mellitus: Insulin Types - Function

Answer 50

``` Short Acting (soluble/isophane) - CRI Intermediate Acting (Lente/Vetsulin) - canine tx Long acting (PZI/Glargine) - feline tx ```

Question 51

Diabetes Mellitus: Monitoring

Answer 51

glucose curves, fructosamine

Question 52

Diabetes Mellitus: Ideal Energy Source - feline

Answer 52

50-55% ME from protein

Question 53

Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Signs

Answer 53

dehydration, v/d +/- blood, poor perfusion, met. acidosis, collapse

Question 54

Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Dx

Answer 54

blood + urine ketones, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, PLI

Question 55

Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Tx

Answer 55

1) correct fluid + electrolyte imbalance 2) insulin CRI (separate cannula from fluids) 3) monitor - TPR, PCV, TP, K

Question 56

Insulinoma: Signs

Answer 56

Hypoglycemia - | behavior change, weakness, ataxia, tremors, seizures

Question 57

Insulinoma: Dx

Answer 57

inc. insulin, dec. glucose/fructosamine

Question 58

Insulinoma: Hypoglycemia Tx

Answer 58

small frequent meals, pred, diazoxide

Question 59

Insulinoma: Tx

Answer 59

surgery

Question 60

Hypercalcemia: Signs

Answer 60

PU/PD, weakness, lethargy, v/d, inappetance

Question 61

Hypercalcemia: DDx

Answer 61

``` Hyperparathyroidism Addison's Renal failure D Vit toxicosis Idiopathic Oseolysis Neoplasia Spurious ```

Question 62

Hypercalcemia: Quick Fix

Answer 62

saline dilution/diuresis

Question 63

Hyperparathyroidism: Signs

Answer 63

muscle wasting, weakness, obesity, abnormal ECG

Question 64

Hypocalcemia: Signs

Answer 64

stiffness, tremors

Question 65

Hypocalcemia: Dx

Answer 65

dec. PTH

Question 66

Hypocalcemia: Tx

Answer 66

Immediate - Ca gluconate | Long Term - calcitrol