FINAL Flashcards
(221 cards)
1
Q
Who has the largest economy in Europe?
A
Germany
2
Q
who were the four allied powers during WWII?
A
- USA
- Britain
- France
- Russia
3
Q
The federal Republic of Germany was which side?
A
West
4
Q
The German Democratic Republic was which side?
A
East
5
Q
What years did Konrad Adenauer run Germany?
A
1949-1963
6
Q
Who aligned Germany in NATO?
A
Konrad Adenauer
7
Q
what years did Willy Brandt run Germany?
A
1969-1974
8
Q
Brandt introduced a pragmatic policy of reconciliation with east Germany, known as what?
A
Ostpolitik
9
Q
When did the gates of the Berlin Wall open?
A
November 9th, 1989
10
Q
When was Germany reunited?
A
1990
11
Q
what are the four essential organs of Germany’s government?
A
- The Bund
- The national parliament
- Government/judiciary
- agencies of constituent states
12
Q
The Constitution of Germany is called what?
A
Basic Law
13
Q
what are the Laender?
A
Constituent states/provinces
14
Q
The lower house of Germany is called what?
A
The Bundestag
15
Q
The upper chamber of Germany is called what?
A
Bundesrat
16
Q
Seats in the Bundesrat are allocated based on what?
A
Population `
17
Q
How long is the German president’s term?
A
5 years
18
Q
Who elects the German president?
A
the federal convention and the electoral college
19
Q
Deputies of the Bundestag and an equal number of delegates elected by the states make up what?
A
Electoral college
20
Q
The politically responsible executive in Germany is who?
A
The Chancellor
21
Q
The deputies of the federal diet are directly elected by the German voters how often?
A
Every four years
22
Q
In Germany, who is responsible for the collection of the income tax?
A
State governments
23
Q
In Germany, public policy is implemented by civil servants called what?
A
Beamten
24
Q
What 2 countries are larger in population than the USA?
A
China and India
25
What years were the American revolution?
1775-1783
26
What battle ended the American revolution?
Yorktown
27
When were the Articles of Confederation written?
1781
28
When did the states ratify the constitution?
1788
29
When did the first US congress meet?
1789
30
When was the US civil war?
1861-1865
31
The American political system focuses on creating what?
limited government
32
What are the 5 principles the US constitution is based on?
- power of the people
- separation of powers/checks and balances
- federalism
- limited government
- judicial supremacy
33
In 1932, Japan annexed what?
Monchuria
34
When did Japan invade China?
1937
35
When did Japan surrender?
September 2, 1945
36
Who managed the occupation of Japan?
Douglas MacArthur
37
When was the new Japanese constitution adopted?
1947
38
Article 9 of the new Japanese constitution included what/
The peace clause
39
what is the diet?
Japanese legislature
40
What is the lower house of the diet and how many members are there?
house of representatives; 480
41
What is the upper house of the diet and how many members are there?
House of councilors; 242
42
What are the two major parties in Japan?
- conservative liberal democratic party
| - democratic party of japan
43
Who is the ceremonial head of state in Japan?
The emperor
44
Who runs the Japanese government?
The prime minister and cabinet
45
What is the highest institution in Japan?
The National Diet
46
How much larger is Russia than the US?
4 Times
47
How many time zones does Russia cover?
11
48
What are the three political institutions of Russia?
- the Constitution
- branches of government
- the legislature
49
Who makes up the Kremlin?
the president and the prime minister
50
The Russian bicameral parliament is known as what?
The federal assembly
51
What is the lower house of the federal assembly and how many members are there?
State Duma; 450
52
What is the upper house of the federal assembly and how many members are there?
federation council; 178
53
What is the highest legal structure in Russia?
Constitutional Court
54
How has Russia selected their president since 1990?
Direct election
55
Russia is a federal system with an array of how many different bodies?
89
56
What are the 2 federal cities in Russia?
Moscow and St. Petersburg
57
Name the four major parties in Russia
- Communist
- Leftist
- Liberal
- Nationalist
58
Why is Russia under sanctions from the US and EU?
Annexing Crimea
59
How many people does China have?
1.3 billion
60
What philosophy influenced imperial leaders?
Confucianism
61
When did the 2000 year old Chinese authority finally crumble?
Early 20th century
62
What two political parties competed for power in the early 20th century?
- the nationalist party
| - Chinese communist party
63
Who led the nationalist party?
Sun Yat Sen
64
Who led the Chinese Communist party?
Mao Zedong, Later Deng Xiaoping
65
The Long March, Great Leap Forward, and Cultural Revolution were led by who?
The Communist Party
66
When was the Long March?
1934-1935
67
When was the Great Leap Forward?
1958-1960
68
When did the Cultural Revolution begin?
The 1960's
69
What is the Chinese constitution called?
The Fundamental Law of the State
70
What is China's legislature?
The National People's Congress
71
Who leads the state council?
The prime minister
72
What is the chief administrative institution of government in China?
The Council of State
73
Who makes up the Council of State?
- prime minister
- VP
- foreign minister
- other ministers
- commissioners of the central government
74
Who has judicial authority in China?
Supreme People's Court
75
What are the 2 main organs of each Chinese local government?
- people's congress
| - revolutionary committee
76
China has how many provinces and counties?
27 provinces; 3000 counties
77
China has how many townships and villages?
45000 townships; 1 million villages
78
By the 1990's, China's Socialist Command Economy had been transformed into what?
Socialist Market Economy
79
Where did Nationalist troops retreat to after the Communist won in 1949?
Taiwan
80
Who led the Nationalist troops to Taiwan?
Chiang Kai-Shek
81
When did Taiwan lose its UN seat?
1971
82
When did the US and other nations stop recognizing Taiwan as a nation?
1979
83
When did Britain agree to give Hong Kong to China?
the 1980's; executed in 1997
84
Under what principle did China grant Hong Kong total autonomy?
"One country, two systems"
85
How long is Hong Kong's transitional period?
50 years
86
India is the world's largest what?
Democracy
87
How many languages and dialects are spoken in India?
325 languages; 1500 dialects
88
What does the UN predict will happen by 2035?
India's population will surpass China's
89
What are the major religions in India?
- Hinduism
- Buddhism
- Islam
90
India adopted what aspect of British democracy?
The Westminster Parliamentary model
91
The president of India is what?
Symbolic
92
Who appoints the prime minister in India?
The president
93
Who makes up the executive branch of India?
The Prime Minister and the cabinet
94
What is the lower house of the Indian legislature and how many members does it have?
The House of the people; 545
95
What is the upper house of the Indian legislature and how many members does it have?
House of states; 250
96
How many justices are on the Indian Supreme Court?
26
97
How many single member districts are in India?
543
98
India is divided into how many states and how many territories?
28 states, 7 territories
99
What are the two main political parties in India?
- Indian national congress
| - BJP of Indian people's party
100
What party is led by Jawal Nehru and Indira Ghandi?
Indian national congress
101
The BJP is an advocate of what?
Hindu identity
102
Who are the Dalits?
the untouchables
103
How large is the Indian media?
40,000 newspapers; 4,000 dailies
104
Until 1935, Iran was called what?
Persia
105
When did the Safavids rule?
1502-1736
106
When did the Qajars rule?
1794-1925
107
Under the Safavids, the country adopted what?
Shiism
108
Shiism claims what?
A descendant of Ali, the hidden Imam, will return at the end of time and restore justice and equality
109
The monarchy in the Qajar dynasty experimented with what?
Western style economic and political institutions
110
What Shah came after the Qajars and pursued far reaching westernization?
Shah Reza Pahlavi
111
Why did Reza Shah have to abdicate his son?
He was allied with Germany
112
What led to the Iranian revolution?
Opposition to the new Shah
113
When did the Iranian revolution occur?
1979
114
What was the main product of the Iranian revolution?
The Constitution
115
The Iranian branches of government include who?
the supreme leader and the president
116
Who chooses the supreme leader?
The Assembly of Experts
117
How many members are in the Assembly of Experts?
86
118
How is the president elected in Iran?
Direct election; maximum of 2, 4 year terms
119
What is the Iranian legislature called?
Majlis
120
How many seats are in the Majlis?
290
121
What is the role of the guardian council?
To make sure legislation complies with Islam and the Constitution
122
What is the role of the expediency council?
Mediate the Majlis and the guardian council
123
What is the Basij?
The people's militia
124
Until July 2000, Mexican politics were dominated by who?
The PRI
125
True or false: after Brazil, Mexico has the second largest population in Latin America
true
126
More than half of Mexico's population are what?
mestizos
127
What are mestizos?
people of mixed Spanish and indigenous heritage
128
The Aztec empire was replaced by what?
The Spanish Empire
129
Mexico's independence was dominated by who?
Political conservatives
130
Who ruled Mexico between 1876 and 1910?
General Porifiro Diaz
131
What happened between 1910 and 1920?
Another revolution
132
When did the Mexican constitution pass?
1917
133
How long is the Mexican president's term?
6 years
134
What is the Mexican legislature called?
the national congress
135
What is the lower house of the national congress called and how many members does it have?
The Chamber of Deputies; 500
136
What is the upper house of the national congress called and how many members does it have?
The senate; 128
137
How many senators come from each Mexica state?
3; 1 from each federal district
138
How many justices are on the Mexican supreme court?
11
139
How long do Mexican supreme court justices serve for?
15 years
140
What country is the fifth largest in the world?
Brazil
141
The cultivation of what made Brazil important to the Portuguese?
Sugar
142
There is a strong association between what two things in Brazil?
race and wealth
143
When did brazil experience a gradual transition to democracy?
Mid 1980's
144
When did Brazil adopt its current constitution?
1988
145
The president of Brazil is the head of what?
Both state and government
146
The national congress of brazil has a lower house called what with how many members?
Chamber of deputies; 513 members
147
The upper house of the national congress is called what with how many members?
Federal senate; 81 members
148
The Brazilian judicial system employs what?
Code law
149
How many justices are on the Brazilian supreme court?
11
150
Brazilian supreme court justice terms must not exceed how long?
30 years
151
Who earned the right to vote in Brazil in 1988?
Illiterates
152
How old do you need to be to vote in Brazil?
16
153
True or false: even if you're literate and between the ages of 18 and 70, you don't have to vote in Brazil
False
154
How many municipalities are in Brazil?
5000
155
Roughly how big is South Africa?
twice the size of Texas
156
South Africa has how many official languages?
11
157
When did settlers first arrive to South Africa?
mid 1600's
158
How many people live in South Africa?
56 million
159
Who are the Afrikaners?
Descendants of Dutch, French, and German colonists
160
When did the apartheid officially come into effect?
1948
161
What were the four official races in south Africa?
- white
- black
- colored
- Asian/Indian
162
What year was the massacre in Sharpeville?
1969
163
What year was the SOWETO massacre?
1976
164
The prohibition of mixed marriages act of 1950 banned what?
Interracial marriages
165
The reservation of separate amenities act of 1953 did what?
provided legal basis for segregating beaches and bathrooms
166
What is the African National Congress?
anti-apartheid liberation movement
167
Who led the African National Congress?
Albert Lithuli in 1912
168
What was formed in 1961?
Umkhanto we Sizwe; the spear of the nation; military wing
169
Who led reforms in 1989?
F.W. Deklerk
170
When was Nelson Mandel released from Prison?
February, 1990
171
When was Nelson Mandel elected president?
May, 1994
172
What was Mandela awarded in 1998?
A degree from Harvard; congressional gold medal
173
What was Mandela given in October, 2001?
Honorary Canadian citizenship
174
How many capitals does South African have?
3
175
The seat of government in south Africa is called what?
Pretoria
176
Where is the legislative capital in south Africa?
Capetown
177
Where is the judicial capital in South Africa?
Bloemenfontein
178
Who is the head of government and head of state in south Africa?
the president
179
Who chooses the president of south Africa?
the lower house of the legislature
180
What is the legislature in South Africa?
A bicameral parliament
181
The lower house of the South African legislature is called what?
National Assembly
182
The upper house of the South African Legislature is called what?
The National Council of Provinces
183
Each province gets how many delegates?
10
184
How many justices are on the South African Constitutional Court?
11
185
What are the three major parties in South Africa?
- The African National Congress
- The Ikathe Freedom party
- The Democratic alliance
186
What is the most populous country in Africa?
Nigeria
187
How many ethnic groups are in Nigeria?
250
188
The Hausa and the Iulani are of what religion and located where?
Muslim; north Nigeria
189
The Ibo are of what religion and located where?
Christian; southeast Nigeria
190
The Yoruba are split between Christian and Muslim and located where?
Southwest Nigeria
191
When did Islam reach Nigeria?
11th century
192
What religious scholar was crucial in spreading Islam?
Usman
193
What empire did Usman create?
Sokoto
194
when did Nigeria become a British colony?
19th century
195
When did Nigeria become an independent nation?
October 1, 1960
196
Politics after Nigeria's independence were run by what groups?
- Hausa-Iulani
- Ibo
- Yoruba
197
How long was the military rule between the first and second republics?
13 years
198
When was the Nigerian civil war?
1967-1970
199
In May 1967, the eastern region of Nigeria seceded as what?
The republic of Biafra
200
After the Nigerian civil war, how long did the military rule?
until 1979
201
When was the Nigerian civil president overthrown?
1983
202
When did a democratically elected president take office over the 4th republic?
1999
203
Since independence, Nigeria has been governed by how many constitutions?
6
204
What are the house of Nigeria's National Assembly?
- House of representatives
| - senate
205
How many members are in the Nigerian HOR?
346
206
How many members are in the Nigerian senate?
109
207
How many states are in Nigeria?
36; 1 federal district of Abuja
208
How long are legislative terms in Nigeria?
4 years
209
What amount of votes do you need to gain office in Nigeria?
- 25% of casted ballots
| - overall majority
210
States fail when they can't provide what?
- personal security
- food security
- basic social services
211
Failed states normally harbor what?
- terrorists
- drugs
- refugees
- weapons
212
How many UN millennium development goals are there?
8
213
What are the ingredients for globalization?
- improved travel
- internet
- increased travel
- improved infrastructure
214
Balkan conflicts involved who?
Bosnia, Kosovo
215
Illegal drugs produces how much revenue a year?
300 billion
216
Alien smuggling produces how much revenue a year?
7 billion
217
How many Non-governmental organizations are there?
26,000
218
How large was China's economy in the 1980's?
10% of the US
219
What is the solution to drought?
irrigation
220
What is the solution to remoteness?
mobile phones
221
Where have there been border conflicts?
- Korea
- Middle East
- Kashmir
