Final Flashcards
1
Q
Functions of integumentary system
A
Barrier (UV, fluid loss)
Lymphocytes
APC
2
Q
Macule
A
Flat discoloration
3
Q
Papule
A
Elevated dome
4
Q
Plaque
A
Flat-topped elevation
5
Q
Scale
A
Dry, horny, plate-like growth
6
Q
Vehicle
A
Fluid filled area <5mm
7
Q
Bulla
A
Fluid filled area >5 mm
8
Q
Wheal
A
Raised area of edema
Aka hive
9
Q
Acantholysis
A
Loss of keratinocytes adhesion
10
Q
Acanthosis
A
Epidermal hyperplasia
11
Q
Hyperkeratosis
A
Hyperplasia of stratum corneum
12
Q
Spongiosis
A
Intracellular epidermal edema
13
Q
4 subcategories of acute inflammatory Dermatoses
A
Urticaria
Acute eczematous dermatitis
Erythema multiform
Acne
14
Q
Urticaria aka
A
Hives/wheals
15
Q
Urticaria is MC due to an
A
Allergic reaction
16
Q
IgE dependent urticaria
A
Common allergens
17
Q
IgE independent urticaria
A
ADR
Opiates, antibiotics
18
Q
Urticaria MC ages
A
20-40 yo
19
Q
Itchy and develop and fade in a few hours
A
Urticaria
20
Q
Excessive complement activation resulting in edema in lower dermis
A
Hereditary angioedema
21
Q
Hereditary angioedema due to inherited
A
C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency
22
Q
Chronic eczema appearance
A
Scaling plaque
23
Q
Acute eczema appearance
A
Red
Vesicles
Oozing
Crust
24
Q
Allergic contact dermatitis due to what hypersensitivity
A
Type 4 hypersensitivity “delayed reaction”
25
MC form of eczema
Allergic contact dermatitis
26
Allergic contact dermatitis limited to contact site and involves ____ sensitization
CD4 T cells
27
Atopic dermatitis
Familial
Childhood onset
Improves with age
28
Atopic triad
Dermatitis
Asthma
Rhinitis
29
“Targetoid “ skin lesions that mimic ring worm
Acute skin condition
Erythema multiforme
30
Erythema multiform is a type ___ hypersensitivity MC due to ___ and attacks ___
4
Infection (viral)
Dermoepidermal junction
31
Erythema multiforme minor
Post infection
| Mild
32
Erythema multiforme major
Drug related
| Aggressive (sloughing of epidermis and fluid loss)
33
Stevens Johnson Syndrome
Erythema multiforme major
30% or less
34
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Erythema multiforme major
30% or more of body
Lethal
35
Acne that is deeper, more rare, and scaring is likely
Cystic acne
36
Comedones or pustules are characteristic of
Acne vulgaris
37
Acne vulgaris caused by ___ and MC in who
Cutibacterium acnes
MC adolescent males
MC adult females
38
MC around 2 months, 20% of babies
Baby acne
Aka milk spots
39
Milium is ___, characteristic of baby acne
Keratin filled cysts
40
Baby acne is idiopathic, but can be due to
Maternal hormones
Excessive sebum production
41
3 conditions a part of chronic inflammatory dermatoses
Psoriasis
Lichen planus
Lichen simplex chronicus
42
Type 4 hypersensitivity in epidermis that effects 2% of population
Psoriasis
43
Pink to salmon colored plaque with flaky silver white scale
Psoriasis
44
MC locations of psoriatic lesions
```
Elbows
Knees
Scalp
LS region
Glans penis
Intergluteal cleft
```
45
Treatment for psoriasis
Phototherapy (UVB)
46
Onycholysis observed in 1/3 of patients with
Psoriasis
| Detachment of nail
47
Koebner phenomenon and Auspitz’s sign are what? And observed with what?
Koebner= plaque formation
Auspitz = microbleeds
Psoriasis
48
Psoriatic arthritis occurs in ___
5-30%
Pencil in cup deformity
49
35% of psoriatic patients have ___
Dactylitis (sausage digits)
50
Autoimmune skin condition with CD8 T cells in dermoepidermal junction
Lichen planus
51
Risks for lichen planus
ADR
Dyes
HCV infection
52
MC symmetrical on extremities and MC middle aged adults
Lichen planus
53
6 Ps of lichen planus
```
Pruritic
Purple
Polygonal
Planar
Papule
Plaque
```
54
70% of ___ have oral involvement and have Wickham’s striae
Lichen planus
55
Epidermal hyperplasia and dermal scarring with raised and itchy scale are characteristic of
Lichen simplex chronicus
56
Repetitive trauma can cause ___
Lichen simplex chronicus
57
Acanthosis nigricans
Asymptomatic hyperpigmentation of skin
Dark and velvety appearance
58
Risks for acanthosis nigricans
Diabetes
Obesity
Genetics
59
Locations for acanthosis nigricans
Body folds
Axilla
Groin
Neck
60
80% of impetigo due to
Staph aureus
61
Red rash with honey colored crust
Highly contagious
Impetigo
62
Impetigo MC in
Children
| Adolescents athletes
63
Dermal abscess
Deeper
Due to staph aureus or pseudomonas aeruginosa
64
Fungal infections are characterized with
Intense itching
65
Tinea corporis
Non hairy location
66
Tinea capitis
Scalp
67
Tinea unguium
Nail bed
68
Tinea pedis
Athlete’s foot
69
Tinea Barbae
Beard follicles
70
Tinea cruris
Groin
Jock itch
71
Aspergillosis is associated with ___ or ____
Comorbiidites
| Immunodeficiency
72
Aspergillosis is angioinvasive and begins ___ and spreads ____
Lungs
Quickly
73
Low risk HPV infections
6 and 11
74
High risk HPV infections
16 and 18
75
Warts MC in ___ and are self limited
Pediatric
76
90% of genital warts, aka ___, are from ____
Condylomata acuminatum
HPV 6 or 11
77
3 blistering disorders
Pemphigus
Bullous pemphigoid
Dermatitis herpetiformis
78
Blistering disorders aka
Bullous disorders
79
2 types of pemphigus
Pemphigus vulgaris
| Pemphigus foliaceus
80
Autoimmune attack in epidermis that decreases desmosomal attachments
Pemphigus
81
Type 2 hypersensitivity with “fishnet like pattern of IgG and loss of intracellular attachments
Pemphigus
82
MC population for pemphigus
Any age, older adults
Rare
83
MC pemphigus with blisters suprabasil
Pemphigus vulgaris
84
Locations for pemphigus vulgaris
```
Skin and mucosa
Face
Scalp
Axilla
Groin
```
85
Flaccid Bullae at any mucocutaneous area characteristic of
Pemphigus
86
Subcorneal bullae limited to skin and less aggressive
Pemphigus foliaceus
87
Bullous pemphigoid
Autoimmune attack with subepidermal blisters
Older adults
88
Bullous pemphigoid MC locations
```
Skin and mucosa
Abdomen
Thigh
Forearm
Axilla
Groin
```
89
Bullous pemphigoid begins as rash and has what Ab pattern
Linear pattern of IgG
90
Gestational pemphigoid
Bullous pemphigoid
91
Tense bullae characteristic of
Bullous pemphigoid
92
10% of Celiac patients have
Dermatitis herpetiformis
93
Dermatitis herpetiformis MC affects
Males, age 20-40
94
Dermatitis herpetiformis MC locations
Torso
Gluteal region
Elbows
Knees
95
IgA on dermal papillae
Dermatitis herpetiformis
96
Benign skin tumor with dark, coin like lesion with a waxy appearance
Seborrheic keratosis
97
FGFR3 mutation causing overgrowth of keratinocytes
Seborrheic keratosis
98
Seborrheic keratosis MC affects
Middle aged and elderly
99
Leser-trelat Sign MC in GI, liver, lung, breast observed in
Seborrheic keratosis
100
Cradle cap aka
Seborrheic dermatitis
101
Scaly, flaky, itchy patches of red skin (dandruff)
Rich in sebaceous glands
Seborrheic dermatitis
102
5% of population with onset around puberty and peaks around age 40
Seborrheic dermatitis
103
Benign tumor of sebaceous gland that is slow growing and common and head and neck
Sebaceous adenoma
104
Sebaceous adenoma MC around age
40-60
105
Actinic keratosis
Dysplastic skin lesion due to chronic sun exposure
106
Characteristic of actinic keratosis
Small tan/brown lesions with “sandpaper-like” texture
107
Risk for actinic keratosis
Light skin
108
Some consider actinic keratosis ___
Squamous cell carcinomas in situ
109
Freq of actinic keratosis
10-25% population
| MC older adults
110
Conical projections of keratin that can be benign or malignant (20%)
Cutaneous horns
Aka Cornu cutaneum
111
Risks for cutaneous horns
Actinic keratosis
Scars
Warts
112
Senile purpura aka
Solar purpura
| Actinic purpura
113
Senile purpura result of ____
Cumulative UV damage
114
Damage to collagen that results in blood leaking into dermis, causing purple macules indicates what
Senile purpura
115
Freq of senile purpura
25% of >90 yo
116
Senile purpura MC location
Forearms
| Hands
117
Liver spots aka
Solar lentigo
118
Solar lentigo
Hyperplasia of melanocytes due to prolonged UV exposure
119
Solar lentigo usually onset’s after age
40
120
Dermatoheliosis aka
Photoaging
121
Dermatoheliosis due to
Cumulative UVA and UVB exposure
122
UVA and UVB damage ____ and cause wrinkles and increase ____
Collagen
increase MMP activity
123
Pyramidine dimers can form with sunlight exposure and are ___
Carcinogenic
124
MC skin cancer
Basal cell carcinoma
125
Most dangerous skin cancer
Melanoma
