Religion 355 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

Circumcision: Brit Milah or “Bris”

A

Male infants circumcised 8 days after birth - Brit Milah (Bris in Ashkenazic) trained individual - mohel. Trim superfluous skin from infant’s male organ. Rite based on biblical command given Abraham in Genesis 17, accompanied by official naming of child (“his name in Israel shall be called __ “). Rite is a constant reminder of Abrahamic Covenant with Israel, to this day.[Note: circumcision was performed in ancient near east, and in modem gentile cultures.

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2
Q

How does 13 yr old Jewish boy prepare for Bar Mitzvah?

A

To prepare for Bar Mitzvah the boylearns to read the Hebrew Bible, and must deliver a Torah reading and short commentary at a special ceremony

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3
Q

Was Jesus a Bar Mitzvah when he taught in the temple at age 12?

A

In early Judaism the idea of a Jewish·’boy becoming Bar Mitzvah could occur at any time during the thirteenth year of age (any time after age 12)- thus Jesus was most likely a Bar Mitzvah when he entered the Temple and took uponhimself the duty to teach the Torah (see Luke 2:42-50).

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4
Q

Shabbat

A

The Jewish Sabbath, from Friday at sundown until Saturday at sundown

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5
Q

Kiddush

A

Ceremonial family blessing and meal frieday night to welcome the sabbath

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6
Q

Challah

A

(or Hallah) the special braided bread baked specially for the sabbath mean

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7
Q

Havdalah

A

A family ceremony on saturday night marking the end of the sabbath

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8
Q

Kashrut

A

(Noun) the term which descrives the jewish “kosher” dietary laws

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9
Q

Kosher

A

(adjective) the term describing food as fit or proper in judaism

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10
Q

Treif

A

(or Trayf_ The word means torn and describes un-kosher food

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11
Q

Pareve

A

(Or parve) this word describes foods which are considered neutral

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12
Q

Brit Mila

A

(Or Bris) covenant biblical circumcision for jewish males

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13
Q

Bar Mitzvah

A

A ceremony where 13 year old Jewish boys become song of the commandment

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14
Q

Bat Mitzvah

A

A siimiliary ceremony for girls who have turned 12 years old

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15
Q

Halakah

A

the term means walk or way – describes the body of jewish law and practice

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16
Q

Shema

A

The most sacred prayer in Judaism - repetition in Heberw of Deutoeronomy

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17
Q

Talit

A

The jewish prayer shawl with corored bands and fringes

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18
Q

Talit Katan

A

(small talis) a linen undershirt with fringes worn by some orthodox men

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19
Q

Tzitzit

A

The bliblical hebrew term for fringe - the fringes of the talit prayer shawl

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20
Q

Tefilin

A

Small leather prayer boxes bound to the head and arm during prayer

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21
Q

Mezuza

A

the word means doorpost – a small container with a scripture passage inside

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22
Q

Kippa

A

Jewish skull cap worn by males for prayer and sacred occasions

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23
Q

Shofar

A

Hebrew term for the ram’s horn blown on Rosh Ha-Shannah and holy occaions

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24
Q

Menorah

A

Hebrew term for lamp with mulitple arms

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25
Rosh Ha-Shannah
The jewish new year, beginning day of the month for fall holidays
26
Yom Kippur
The bliblical day of atonement, a solemn day of fasting in judaism
27
High holy days
Rosh Ha-Shannah, followed by Yom Kippur, ten days later
28
Sukkot
The weeklong feast of tabernacles each fall
29
Shemini Atzeret
The eighth additional holiday right after the seven days of sukkot
30
Simhat Torah
The joyful day of torah at the end of the sukkot week each fall
31
Pessah
The blibical spring festival of passover
32
Seder
The ritual feast of passover - the term seder means order
33
Shavuot
the biblical feast of weeks, early summer festival 50 days after Pessah
34
Tisha Be-Av
The ninth oof Av - summer day of mourning destruction of temple
35
Hanukah
The term means dedication - referes to the winter feast of dedication
36
Dreidel
A small four sided top which children play with
37
Purim
the early spring celebration involving the reading of the story of Esther
38
Kabalah
The term for mystical jewish traditions of the middle ages
39
Synagogue
The jewish meeting house or house of worship
40
Matza (Matzos)
unleavened bread, a large, cracker-like, thin biscuit made without yeast. Passover Term
41
Maror
bitter herbs, eaten at the "seder" supper, usually horseradish, but also radish or onion. Passover Term
42
Wine
liquid refreshment at the Passover "seder" four cups of wine are featured in the "seder" Passover Term
43
Afikomen
the final piece of Matza, divided and eaten together by the family at the "seder" Passover Term
44
Moses
(Hebrew name: Moshe) the biblical prophet of the Exodus, who instituted Passover. Passover Term
45
Elijah
(Hebrew name: Eliyahu) the biblical prophet Jews believe will return at Passover. Passover Term
46
Hagaddah
"telling" a book of the story or "telling" of the Exodus and Passover. Passover Term
47
Psalms
the biblical hymns sung by Jews during the Passover seder, and at other times. Passover Terms
48
1000 BCE
David unites Israelite tribes and becomes king at Jerusalem
49
950 BCE
Solomon builds First Temple at Jerusalem.
50
922 BCE
Israelites divide into two kingdoms: Judah (South) and Israel (North)
51
732 BCE?
First Assyrian Deportation of Israel (northern kingdom-- Galilee and Gilead areas)
52
721 BCE?
Second Assyrian Deportation of Israel (reduced northern kingdom-- Samaria)
53
701 BCE?
Assyrian Deportation of Judah (southern kingdom) -- Jerusalem spared!Pivotal date in history of kingdom of Judah and ancient Israel (after this date we speak of "Jews" as the recognized remnant of Israel
54
586 BCE
Babylonians destroy Jerusalem and First Temple-- Jews captive to Babylon
55
537 BCE
Persian Empire (Cyrus) allows Jews to return to Judah (Judea)
56
520 BCE?
Second Temple (Zerubbabel) built on the site of the earlier temple
57
430 BCE?
End of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) record-- Malachi
58
332 BCE?
Alexander the Great conquers Near East-- Hellenistic (Greek) influence
59
164 BCE?
Jewish independence from Syrian-Greek rule-- "Hanuka" (temple re-dedication)
60
63 BCE?
Romans conquer the Land of Israel (eventually install King Herod the Great)
61
20 BCE
Second Temple dismantled and newly rebuilt-- Temple of Herod
62
10 BCE?
Ministry of Hillel and Shammai (the two leading Pharisee schools of thought)
63
4 BCE
Death of King Herod the Great (birth of Jesus)
64
30 CE
Ministry of Gamliel I (also of Jesus and Simon Peter)
65
70 CE
End of First Jewish Revolt-- Destruction of Jerusalem and Herod's Temple Actual end of the 2nd Temple Period, when Herod's Temple was destroyed
66
135 CE
End of Second Jewish Revolt (Bar Kokhba) --Jews banned from Judea
67
200 CE
Yehudah HaNasi --Mishnah collected and written (Sepphoris, Galilee
68
500 CE
Talmud assembled-- Gemara collected and written in Tiberias and Babylon
69
What does BCE and CE represent?
BCE = "Before Common Era" (equivalent ofBC -- "Before Christ")CE ="Common Era" (equivalent of AD-- "Anno Domini" or "Year of our Lord")
70
List the names of two Medievil Jewish Sages discussed in class.
RASHI (Rabbi Shlomo ben Yitzhak) 1040-1105 (France) Edited TalmudRAMBAM (Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon) 1135-1204 (Egypt) Mishnah Torah, Philosopher
Religion 355
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