Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology 1650 > Final Exam: Cellular Respiration > Flashcards

Final Exam: Cellular Respiration Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Process breaking down glucose to produce ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cellular respiration __ energy from chemical bonds of glucose, making it __.

A

releases; exergonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

reactants of aerobic cellular respiration?

A

glucose and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Products of aerobic cellular respiration?

A

water and carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Aerobic Respiration

A

Type of respiration requiring molecular oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Four steps of aerobic respiration

A

glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The first three steps of aerobic respiration harvest __ from organic molecules that can be used to power the __

A

high energy electrons; electron transport chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Glycolysis is the __ step in __ breakdown and is __ meaning it __ use oxygen.

A

First; glucose; anaerobic; does not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pyruvate Oxidation

A

Step converting 2 pyruvate into 2 acetylCoA, 2 NADH, 2 CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs)

A

Starts with 2 AcetylCoA and produces 2 ATP, 2 FADH, 4 CO2 and 6 NADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Two phases of oxidative phosphorylation

A

electron transport chain and chemiosmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Oxidative phosphorylation produces the most

A

ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Electron Transport Chain maintains the __ for __

A

hydrogen ion gradient; ATP synthase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

NADH is a carrier of __ to the __

A

high energy electrons; ETC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

NADH is oxidized to NAD+ during

A

electron transport chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

NAD+ is reduced to NADH during

A

glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

FADH2 is a carrier of __ to the __

A

high energy electrons; ETC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Electron carriers are molecules readily accepting or releasing __

A

electrons (NADH, FADH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Electron carriers in aerobic, cellular respiration (2)

A

NAD & FAD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

NAD+

A

Oxidized & reduced form of NADH, derived from vitamin B3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

NADP

A

Variation of NAD with an extra phosphate group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

FAD

A

Derived from vitamin B2, riboflavin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Mitochondria

Study These Flashcards
A

Organelle with double membranes for cellular respiration

24
Q

Mitochondrial matrix

Study These Flashcards
A

the area enclosed by the inner membrane with lower concentrations of electrons

25
Mitochondria intermembrane space
The space between the inner membrane and the outer membrane with higher concentrations of electrons
26
Glycolysis is __ because it does not directly use oxygen as part of its process
anaerobic
27
Glycolysis takes place in
the cytoplasm of all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
28
Glycolysis Phases
Trapping glucose, splitting into pyruvate, and energy extraction
29
Glycolysis begins with the __ and ends with __
six-carbon ring-shaped structure of a single glucose molecule; two molecules of a three-carbon sugar called pyruvate.
30
The second part of glycolysis extracts energy from the molecules and stores it in the form of __
4 ATP and 2 NADH
31
Of the 4 ATP molecules, 2 will be used to prepare the __, leaving the cell with a net gain of __ ATP molecules for its use.
6 carbon ring for cleavage; 2
32
Pyruvate composition
Three-carbon sugar from glycolysis
33
Anaerobic Respiration
Respiration without direct oxygen use
34
Fermentation is an __ process that generates __ through the reduction of __
anaerobic; ATP; pyruvate
35
The citric acid cycle ends with each of the six carbon rings released as __
carbon dioxide
36
High energy electrons are carried by __and___ to the complexes of the __
NADH; FADH2; electron transport chain
37
High energy electrons are harvested during (3)
glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle
38
In mitochondria, pyruvate will be transformed into a __ that will be picked up by a carrier compound called __, which is made from vitamin B5
two-carbon acetyl group; coenzyme A (CoA)
39
Coenzyme A (CoA) is a __ compound that picks up the __ from __ to form __
carrier; acetyl group; pyruvate; acetyl-CoA.
40
Acetyl-CoA is a __ formed from __ that delivers the __ group to the __ for further glucose catabolism.
compound; pyruvate; acetyl; citric acid cycle
41
the citric acid cycle in eukaryotic cells takes place in the __ of the mitochondria and is a closed loop.
matrix
42
The citric acid cycle is considered an aerobic pathway because
NADH and FADH2 use oxygen to transfer their electrons to the next pathway in the system
43
Phosphorylation is the formation of __ by transferring a __ group from a __ to __.
ATP; phosphate; substrate; ADP
44
What produces ATP (GTP), (2)
glycolysis, citric acid cycle
45
GTP
a molecule that serves as an energy source in cells.
46
FAD+
The oxidized form of FADH2, which accepts electrons during cellular respiration.
47
FAD is reduced to FADH2 during which step of aerobic cellular respiration?
the citric acid cycle
48
__ carbon atoms come into the citric acid cycle from each acetyl group, representing __ out of the six carbons of one glucose molecule.
2; 4
49
__ carbon dioxide molecules are released on each turn of the citric acid cycle, each turn forming __ NADH and __ FADH molecules.
Two; three; one
50
in the citric acid cycle, electron carriers will connect with the last portion of aerobic respiration, the __, to produce ATP molecules. __ ATP (or GTP) is also made in each cycle.
electron transport chain; 1
51
Process that generate ATP through the reduction of pyruvate (2)
oxidative phosphorylation and fermentation
52
How much ATP do we get from aerobic cellular respiration?
Approximately 30 ATP
53
How much ATP do we get from anaerobic respiration or fermentation?
Approximately three
54
Oxidative phosphorylation starts with __, using them in the electron transport chain with __, and ending with __
2 FADH and 10 NADH; 6O2; 12 H2O
55
Summarize the flow of energy in cellular respiration (5)
Glucose, NADH, ETC, proton gradient, ATP
56
Phases of cellular respiration that happens in the mitochondria (3)
Pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation

Biology 1650 (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions