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Oral Pathology > Final Exam Part 3 > Flashcards

Final Exam Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some reactions seen within the oral cavity ?

A
  • Hyperkeratosis – excessive thickening of the
    stratum corneum layer
  • Hyperplasia – increase in the number of cells
  • Metaplasia – the conversion of one differentiated
    cell type to another
  • Dysplasia – an alteration in the size, shape, and
    organization of the cellular components of a
    tissue
  • Neoplasia – uncontrolled proliferation of
    abnormal cells
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2
Q

This lesion is caused by chronic irritation agains the oral mucosa. A protective response that appears as an opaque white plaque

A

Hyperkeratosis

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3
Q

What are some necrotic lesions that may appear as leukoplakias ?

A

Chemical burn
Electrical
Thermal
Trauma

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4
Q

What are neoplasia?

A
  • New growth of tissue that comes from existing tissue but grows independently
  • irreversible changes takes place in the cell and is passed on to new cells
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5
Q

What are the stages of development?

A
  • Initiation
  • Promoton
  • Progression
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6
Q

What are some diagnosis of oral carcinoma?

A

Erythems
Ulceration/ Erosion
Induration
Fixation
Failure to heal
lymphadenopathy
leukoplakia

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7
Q

What are the different biopsy methods ?

A

Incisonal- from lesion with a scapel
Excisional- remove entire lesion
Needle- inserting a needle of a synringe into lesion to apirate it

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8
Q

What are the classifactions for staging cancer?

A

T = Tumor size
N=Node involvement
M=Metasteses

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9
Q

What is epithelial tumors?

A
  • Comes from Squamos, salivary gland and odontogenic epithelium
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10
Q

What is a papilloma?

A

finger like projection caused by HPV

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11
Q

A lesion with keratin plug or filled crater and mostly seen in those over 50 is called?

A

Keratocanthoma

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12
Q

A pigmented lesion that is also called a mole or freckle is called?

A

Melanocytic Nevi

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13
Q

What is leukoplakia?

A
  • White plaque that cannot be wiped off
  • Could be hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia, dysplasia or squamous cell carcinoma
  • High risk
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14
Q

What is leukoedema?

A
  • Transluent grayish white film
  • disappears when stretched
  • not treatment
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15
Q

What is Eythroplakia?

A
  • Lesion that is smooth, red patch or velvety patch
  • not as common as leukoplakia
  • BIOPSY MUST BE performed
  • Can turn into cancer
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16
Q

What is Actinic Chelitis?

A
  • vermilion border becomes fuzzy, rounded, mottled red and white patches
  • Ulcers develop and stop healing
17
Q

Most common type of precancerous skin lesion. It appears scaly crusty patches on the hands cheek and forehead, ear and lower lip.

A

Actinic Keratosis

18
Q

What is basal cell carcinoma?

A
  • Tumor of hair bearing areas of the skin
  • Starts as papul then enlarges into a crusted ulcer with rolled border
  • rarely metastasize
19
Q

A warty well differntiated superficial lesion that is seen in high percentaged of tobacco users ?

A

Verrucous Carcinoma

20
Q

Most common malignancy in the oral cavity with often end stage alterations.If it is on the lower lip- slow metastaize ( prognosis good). On the tongue and other intraoral sites- metastaize early.

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

21
Q

Neoplasm of melanocytes occuring on skin and mucosa that appears brown bluebalck or black, that starts as a macule then becomes papular or nodular.

A

Melignant Melanoma

22
Q

Where does Salivary glands orgin from?

A

Ectoderm origin

23
Q

Mucocele is?

A
  • Cyst like
  • trauma causing severing of minor salivary gland duct
24
Q

What is a ranula?

A
  • Duct of either the sublingual or submandibular glands has been severed or obstructed by a salivary stone
  • Forms unilaterally in the floor of the mouth
25
Q

Swelling caused by an obstruction (sialolith, scar tissue,
pressure) of a salivary gland duct

A

Mucous Retention Cyst

26
Q

Development of salivary stones lead to blockage

A

Sialadenitis

27
Q

Pleomorphic Adenoma is ?

A

Most common salivary gland tumor
* Accounts for around 90% of all benign salivary
gland tumors
Slow growth, soft to palpation, movable

28
Q

What is the recurrence of pleomorphic adenoma called?

A

Malignant Pleomorphic adenoma or malignant mixed tumor

29
Q

What is a ameloblastoma?

A
  • Benign, slow-growing epithelial tumor
  • Unencapsulated and invasive – can result in death
  • Clinically can appear in the maxillary or mandibular arches, 80% arise in mandible and most of those in posterior region
  • Lesion is resistant to radiation and chemotherapy
  • Do not tend to recur
30
Q

Benign, well-circumscribed neoplasm of cementum
Clinically seen attached to the apical 1/3 of the root
Most occur in the premolar/molar area
Unique pain

Radiograph: Halo

A

Cementoblastoma

31
Q

What are the two types of odontoma?

A
  • Complex: mass of tissue
  • Compound: Collection of small teeth
32
Q

Suffix “carcinoma” used to indicate a
malignant tumor of epithelial origin and
“sarcoma” to indicate a malignant tumor of
connective tissue origin

A

true

33
Q

A reactive hyperplasia found on the gingiva, originate from the PDL where osteogenic and cementogenic cells are

A

Ossifying Fibroma

34
Q

A benign tumor of normal appearing compact bone. In a radiograph it is well defined. This lesion is also associated with Garner syndrome

A

Osteoma

35
Q

A lesion that appears within the palate and lower extremitied, with skin and oral cavity in HIV ?

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

Oral Pathology (14 decks)

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