FINAL- Functional Rehab

Question 1

What does the WHO ICF framework consider in rehabilitation?

Answer 1

It views disability and functioning as outcomes of interactions between health conditions (diseases, disorders, injuries) and contextual factors (environmental and personal).

Question 2

What intensity of therapy is expected in inpatient rehab hospitals?

Answer 2

3 hours of therapy per day, 5 days per week, involving at least two disciplines (PT, OT, speech therapy).

Question 3

What comorbidities can interfere with rehab outcomes?

Answer 3

Reduced mobility, thromboembolism, incontinence, pneumonia, anemia, cognitive impairment, depression, seizures, diabetes, cardiovascular disease.

Question 4

What are the goals of stroke rehabilitation?

Answer 4

Regaining function, compensating/adapting to losses, preventing secondary complications, reintegrating into community.

Question 5

What are the guidelines for stroke rehab?

Answer 5

Use NIH Stroke Scale for severity, provide coordinated interprofessional care, start early rehab, prevent recurrence with anticoagulants, antiplatelets, ACE inhibitors, statins.

Question 6

What improves outcomes after hip fracture?

Answer 6

Early mobilization, frequent therapy, co-management between geriatrics and orthopedics, early surgical repair (24–72 hrs if stable).

Question 7

What are typical post-op precautions for hip/knee arthroplasty?

Answer 7

Avoid extreme hip/knee motions depending on approach (e.g., no adduction/internal rotation for hip, avoid torsion for knee).

Question 8

What are rehab priorities for amputees?

Answer 8

Prevent contractures, wound healing, edema control, stump shaping, early mobilization, prosthetic fitting, psychosocial support.

Question 9

What are benefits of cardiac rehabilitation?

Answer 9

Improves exercise tolerance, QoL, reduces mortality, includes exercise, education, psychosocial and nutritional support.

Question 10

What are benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation?

Answer 10

Improves function in COPD and non-COPD, reduces hospital admissions post-exacerbation, combines exercise, education, and behavior change.

Question 11

What is the DASH outcome tool used for?

Answer 11

Measures changes in symptoms and function during shoulder rehabilitation.

Question 12

What is an antalgic gait?

Answer 12

A pain-induced limp with shortened stance phase on the affected side.

Question 13

What is circumduction gait?

Answer 13

The leg swings outward in a semicircle from the hip, often due to hemiparesis.

Question 14

What is festination gait?

Answer 14

Progressive acceleration of gait, often seen in Parkinson’s disease.

Question 15

What are causes of foot drop and foot slap?

Answer 15

Foot drop is due to loss of ankle dorsiflexion from weakness; foot slap is audible contact due to steppage gait compensation.

Question 16

What are high-level causes of gait disorders?

Answer 16

Cognitive and white matter disorders such as dementia, normal pressure hydrocephalus, and frontal lobe disease.

Question 17

What exam tools are used in gait assessment?

Answer 17

History & physical, Dix-Hallpike for vestibular dysfunction, Romberg test, vision screening, gait speed, and Timed Up and Go test.

Question 18

What gait speed indicates dismobility risk?

Answer 18

A speed less than 0.6 m/s; speeds >1.0–1.2 m/s are linked to better outcomes and life expectancy.

Question 19

What interventions reduce gait disorders in Parkinson’s disease?

Answer 19

PT with treadmill training, robotic assistance, complementary treatments for mobility and gait speed.

Question 20

What are examples of aerobic exercise for older adults?

Answer 20

Walking, swimming, cycling, rowing, elliptical, stair stepper; 30 minutes/day, 5–6 days/week or 10,000 steps/day.

Question 21

What are examples of muscle strengthening exercises?

Answer 21

Resistance machines, push-ups (modified), abdominal crunches, stair climbing, pool resistance exercises.

Question 22

What are examples of flexibility and balance training?

Answer 22

Stretching, yoga, Pilates, Tai Chi, heel-to-toe walking, standing on one foot.

Question 23

What should older adults avoid when losing weight?

Answer 23

Avoid caloric restriction alone because it accelerates muscle and bone loss; combine with physical activity.

Question 24

What are ACSM screening recommendations before exercise?

Answer 24

Assess current activity level, signs/symptoms, disease history, and desired exercise intensity to determine clearance needs.

Question 25

What are strategies for promoting physical activity in clinical settings?

Answer 25

Assess activity with tools (e.g., Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity), counsel, prescribe tailored plans, provide referrals.