Fluids

Question 1

What two solutions are hypotonic?

What do you monitor after administering?

Answer 1

5% dextrose in water (D5W)
0.45% sodium chloride (1/2 NS)

Cells swell, hypovolemia, LOC, O2, seizures

Question 2

What three solutions are hypertonic?

What do you monitor for after you give them?

Answer 2

10% dextrose in water (D10W)
3% Sodium Chloride
5% Sodium Chloride

Hypervolemia, increased HR, increased BP, edema, crackles in the lungs

Question 3

What can you give through a PICC/port/central line?

Answer 3

D10W

Question 4

What fluid can you mix with blood?

Answer 4

0.9% Sodium Chloride (NS)

Question 5

What two solutions are isotonic?

What do you monitor for?

Answer 5

Lactated ringers (LR)
0.9% Sodium Chloride (NS)

Hypervolemia, edema, crackles, filling up ECF

Question 6

If someone is hypovolemic, or dehydrated, what type of solution do you give them?

Examples of that type?

Answer 6

Hypertonic solution

D10W, 3% Sodium Chloride, 5% Sodium Chloride

Question 7

If someone is dehydrated, you give what type of solution?

Examples?

Answer 7

Isotonic

LR, 0.9% Sodium Chloride (NS)

Question 8

If someone is hypertonic, you give what solutions?

Examples?

Answer 8

Hypotonic

D5W, 0.45 Sodium Chloride (1/2 NS)

Question 9

What are signs and symptoms of hypervolemia? What are some causes?

Answer 9

Confusion, increased BP and HR, crackles, edema, decreased output, increased weight,

Heart failure, renal failure

Question 10

What are some NI for hypervolemia?

Answer 10

Sodium restrictions, decrease edema, give a diuretic

Question 11

What are some causes of hypovolemia? What are signs and symptoms? What are some NI?

Answer 11

Dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea

Confusion
low BP, high HR*
Dry skin, decreased output, weight loss

Give hypertonic fluids or isotonic