Forearm, wrist and hand II Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
list muscles that extend, abduct and adduct the hand at the wrist (3): and what layer
A
superficial:
- extensor carpi radialis longus
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
- extensor carpi ulnaris
2
Q
muscles that extend fingers 2-5: and what layer
A
- extensor digitorum
- extensor indicis (deep)
- extensor digiti minimi
3
Q
muscles that extend or abduct the thumb: and what layer
A
deep:
- abductor pollicis longus
- extensor pollicis brevis
- extensor pollicis longus
4
Q
brief features: carpal tunnel
A
- anteriorly at the wrist
- carpal bones + flexor retinaculum
5
Q
bones: carpal tunnel
A
medially:
- pisiform
- hook of hamate
laterally tubercles of:
- scaphoid
- trapezium
6
Q
contents: carpal tunnel
A
- 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
- 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
- tendon of flexor pollicus longus
- median n.
7
Q
anatomical snuffbox: lateral border
A
tendons:
- abductor pollicis longus
- extensor pollicis brevis
8
Q
anatomical snuffbox: medial border
A
tendon of extensor pollicis longus
9
Q
anatomical snuffbox: floor
A
scaphoid and trapezium
10
Q
anatomical snuffbox: content
A
radial artery
11
Q
eg. triphalangeal thumb
A
thumb with extra phalanx, restricted normal ability for opposition etc.
12
Q
metacarpophalangeal joints: classification
A
synovial, condyloid
13
Q
metacarpophalangeal joints: articulating surfaces
A
heads of metacarpals, with base of proximal phalanges
14
Q
metacarpophalangeal joints: ligaments
A
collateral, palmar
15
Q
metacarpophalangeal joints: movements
A
MCP 1: flexion, extension
MCP 2: flexion, extension, abduction, adduction (axis is middle finger)
16
Q
proximal interphalangeal joints: classification
A
synovial, hinge
17
Q
proximal interphalangeal joints: articulating surfaces
A
- heads of proximal phalanges 2-5
with bases of middle phalanges 2-5
18
Q
proximal interphalangeal joints: ligaments
A
- collateral lig (medial and lateral)
- palmar lig
19
Q
proximal interphalangeal joints: movements
A
flexion, extension
20
Q
distal interphalangeal joints: classification
A
synovial, hinge
21
Q
distal interphalangeal joints: articulating surfaces
A
head of middle phalanges 2-5, with bases of distal phalanges 2-5
22
Q
distal interphalangeal joints: ligaments
A
- collateral lig (medial and lateral)
- palmar lig
23
Q
distal interphalangeal joints: movements
A
flexion, extension
24
Q
interphalangeal joint of thumb: classification
A
synovial, hinge
25
interphalangeal joint of thumb: articulating surfaces
- head of proximal phalanx of thumb
| - base of distal phalanx of thumb
26
interphalangeal joint of thumb: ligaments
- collateral lig (medial and lateral)
| - palmar lig
27
interphalangeal joint of thumb: movements
flexion, extension
28
extrinsic muscles: anterior, superficial (3)
- flexor carpi radialis (FCR)
- palmaris longus (PL)
- flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU)
29
extrinsic muscles: anterior, intermediate (1)
flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)
30
extrinsic muscles: anterior, deep (2)
- flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
| - flexor pollicis longus (FPL)
31
extrinsic muscles: posterior, superficial (5)
- extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL)
- extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB)
- extensor digitorum (ED)
- extensor digiti minimi (EDM)
- extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU)
32
extrinsic muscles: posterior, deep (4)
- abductor pollicis longus (APL)
- extensor pollicis brevis (EPB)
- extensor pollicis longus (EPL)
- extensor indicis (EI)
33
intrinsic muscles: thenar muscles (3)
- abductor pollicis brevis
- flexor pollicis brevis
- opponens pollicis
34
intrinsic muscles: hypothenar muscles (3)
- abductor digiti minimi
- flexor digiti minimi
- opponens digiti minimi
35
intrinsic muscles: dorsal interossei
4
36
intrinsic muscles: palmar interossei
4
37
intrinsic muscles: lumbricals
4
38
intrinsic muscles: extra 2
- adductor pollicis
| - palmaris brevis
39
hand muscles innervated by median nerve:
MEat LOAF:
- Lumbricals 1, 2
- Opponens pollicis
- Abductor pollicis brevis
- Flexor pollicis brevis
40
palmaris brevis: location
dorsum of hand
41
palmaris brevis: origin
palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum
42
palmaris brevis: insertion
skin (medial margin of hand)
43
palmaris brevis: innervation
ulnar nerve
44
palmaris brevis: action
improves grip
45
opponens pollicis: location
thenar muscle, dorsal
46
opponens pollicis: origin
trapezium, flexor retinaculum
47
opponens pollicis: insertion
metacarpal 1
48
opponens pollicis: innervation
median n
49
opponens pollicis: action
medial rotation of the thumb
50
abductor pollicis brevis: location
thenar muscle, dorsal
51
abductor pollicis brevis: origin
scaphoid, trapezium, flexor retinaculum
52
abductor pollicis brevis: insertion
proximal phalanx, extensor hood of the thumb
53
abductor pollicis brevis: innervation
median n
54
abductor pollicis brevis: action
abducts thumb at MCP joint
55
flexor pollicis brevis: location
thenar muscles, dorsal
56
flexor pollicis brevis: origin
trapezium, flexor retinaculum
57
flexor pollicis brevis: insertion
proximal phalanx of the thumb
58
flexor pollicis brevis: innervation
median n
59
flexor pollicis brevis: action
flexes thumb at MCP joint
60
opponens digiti minimi: location
hypothenar muscle, dorsal
61
opponens digiti minimi: origin
hammate, flexor retinaculum
62
opponens digiti minimi: insertion
proximal phalanx, extensor hood of pinky
63
opponens digiti minimi: innervation
ulnar n
64
opponens digiti minimi: action
lateral rotation of pinky
65
abductor digiti minimi: location
hypothenar muscle, dorsal
66
abductor digiti minimi: origin
pisiform, tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
67
abductor digiti minimi: insertion
proximal phalanx, extensor hood of pinky
68
abductor digiti minimi: innervation
ulnar n
69
abductor digiti minimi: action
abducts pinky at MCP joint
70
flexor digiti minimi brevis: location
hypothenar muscle, dorsal
71
flexor digiti minimi brevis: origin
hammate, flexor retinaculum
72
flexor digiti minimi brevis: insertion
proximal phalanx of pinky
73
flexor digiti minimi brevis: innervation
ulnar n
74
flexor digiti minimi brevis: action
flexes pinky at MCP joint
75
abductor pollicis: location
dorsum
76
abductor pollicis: origin
- transverse head: metacarpal 3
| - oblique head: capitate, metacarpals 2,3 (bases)
77
abductor pollicis: insertion
proximal phalanx, extensor hood of the thumb
78
abductor pollicis: innervation
ulnar n
79
abductor pollicis: action
adduct thumb
80
lumbricals 1-4: origin
tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
81
lumbricals 1-4: insertion
extensor hoods of medial 4 fingers
82
lumbricals 1-4: innervation
- medial two: ulnar n
| - lateral two: median n
83
lumbricals 1-4: action
flex MCP while extending interphalangeal joint
84
dorsal interossei: origin
adjacent shafts of metacarpals
85
dorsal interossei: insertion
extensor hood and base of proximal phalanges of index, middle and ring
86
dorsal interossei: innervation
ulnar n
87
dorsal interossei: action
abduct index, middle, ring fingers
88
palmar interossei: origin
shafts of metacarpals
89
palmar interossei: insertion
extensor hoods of thumb, index ring and pinky
| - proximal phalanx of thumb
90
palmar interossei: innervation
ulnar n
91
palmar interossei: action
adduct thumb, index, ring, pinky fingers
92
distinguish actions of palmar vs dorsal interossei muscles:
Pad
- palmar
- adduct
Dab
- dorsal
- abduct
93
(5) fascia of the hand comprise of:
- palmar aponeurosis
- flexor retinaculum
- fibrous digital sheaths
- extensor retinaculum
- extensor hoods
94
features: palmar aponeurosis
- facilitates grip
| - protection
95
features: flexor retinaculum
- forms roof of carpal tunnel
| - limits anterior movement of long flexor tendons
96
features: fibrous digital sheaths
limits anterior, side to side movement of long flexor tendons of digits
- lined by synovial sheaths (synovial mem) which facilitate movement
97
features: extensor retinaculum
- holds long extensor tendons in place
- has extensions to bone which forms 6 separate tunnels for the passage of tendons
- tendons surrounded by synovial sheaths (APL and EPB together 1)
98
features: extensor hood
expansions of tendons ED and EPL
