Shoulder Region I

Question 1

list bones in shoulder region:

Answer 1

clavicle, scapula, humerus

Question 2

function: clavicle

Answer 2

• rigid moveable strut

- suspends scapula and allows max limb movement

Question 3

theoretical features: clavicle

Answer 3

• long bone
• no medullary cavity
• shell of compact bone covering spongy bone
• varies shape depending of activity

Question 4

clavicle: identify concave/ convex sides

Answer 4

• concave: lateral ‘acromial’ end

- convex: medial sternal end

Question 5

clavicle: lateral side articulates with

Answer 5

acromion

Question 6

clavicle: medial side articulates with

Answer 6

manubrium of sternum, and first costal cartilage

Question 7

clavicle: conoid tubercle found/ for

Answer 7

• conoid ligament attaches here

- near lateral side

Question 8

where does coracoclavicular ligament attach on clavicle?

Answer 8

conoid tubercle and trapezoid line

Question 9

where does subclavius muscle meet clavicle?

Answer 9

groove for subclavius muscle middle of clavicle

Question 10

where does costoclavicular ligament attach?

Answer 10

impression near sternal end

Question 11

how to diagnose fractured clavicle:

Answer 11

bone protruding above normal shoulder

Question 12

scapula: posterior and anterior surface fossa?

Answer 12

anterior: costal- subscapular fossa
posterior: infraspinous fossa (inferior to spine), supraspinous

Question 13

scapula: angles

Answer 13

• superior angle (highest point)
• inferior (apex, lowest)
• lateral angle (near glenoid cavity)

Question 14

scapula: borders

Answer 14

• lateral (under glenoid)
• medial (mid scapula)
• superior (top)

Question 15

scapula: list/locate tubercles

Answer 15

infraglenoid - inferior to glenoid cavity

supraglenoid - superior to glenoid cavity

Question 16

infraglenoid tubercle attachment:

Answer 16

long head of triceps brachii

Question 17

supraglenoid tubercle attachment:

Answer 17

long head of biceps brachii

Question 18

scapula: list/ locate processes

Answer 18

• coracoid (anterolateral)
• acromion (posterolateral)
• spinous proccess (dorsal)

Question 19

proximal humerus: head articulates with

Answer 19

glenoid cavity of scapula

Question 20

proximal humerus: list tubercles

Answer 20

lesser and greater tubercle

Question 21

proximal humerus: lesser tubercle attachments

Answer 21

• subscapularis

Question 22

proximal humerus: greater tubercle attachments

Answer 22

• supraspinatus
• infraspinatus
• teres minor

Question 23

proximal humerus: whats found in intertubercular sulcus?

Answer 23

aka bicipital groove,

tendon of long head of biceps brachii

Question 24

proximal humerus: attachment to lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus?

Answer 24

pectoralis major muscle

Question 25

proximal humerus: attachment to medial lip of intertubercular sulcus?

Answer 25

teres major muscle

Question 26

proximal humerus: attachment to floor of intertubercular sulcus?

Answer 26

latissimus dorsi muscle

Question 27

proximal humerus: attachment to deltoid tuberosity found?

Answer 27

laterally for deltoid muscle

Question 28

proximal humerus: attachment to radial sulcus/groove found?

Answer 28

medially for coracobrachialis muscle

Question 29

list joints of shoulder region:

Answer 29

- sternoclavicular - acromioclavicular - shoulder (glenohumeral) - scapulothoracic (physiological joint)

Question 30

list movements of scapula:

Answer 30

abduction, adduction, retraction, protraction

Question 31

list movements of shoulder:

Answer 31

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial/ lateral rotation, circumduction

Question 32

sternoclavicular joint: classification

Answer 32

synovial, saddle

Question 33

sternoclavicular joint: articulating surfaces and use of articular disc

Answer 33

sternal end of clavicle: - manubrium of sternum - part of 1st costal cartilage - articular disc divides cavity (help stability)

Question 34

sternoclavicular (s.c.) joint: ligaments and location

Answer 34

- anterior s.c. (btw manubrium/ clavicle) - posterior s.c. - costoclavicular (btw clavicle/ costal c.) - interclavicular (btw both clavicles)

Question 35

sternoclavicular joint: movements

Answer 35

- allows movement of clavicle - most: antero-posterior and vertical planes - some rotation

Question 36

acromioclavicular joint: classification

Answer 36

synovial, plane

Question 37

acromioclavicular joint: articulating surfaces

Answer 37

- lateral aspect of clavicle (oval shaped facet) | - medial aspect of acromion

Question 38

acromioclavicular joint: ligaments and location

Answer 38

- acromioclavicular (surrounding clavicle) coracoclavicular (btw clavicle/ coracoid process of scapula)- - trapezoid and conoid ligaments (accessory) - trap: more lateral - conoid: more medial

Question 39

acromioclavicular joint: movements

Answer 39

- allows clavicle movement - in antero-posterior, vertical planes - some axial rotation

Question 40

glenohumeral joint: classification

Answer 40

synovial, ball and socket

Question 41

glenohumeral joint: articulating surfaces

Answer 41

- glenoid cavity of scapula | - head of humerus

Question 42

glenohumeral joint: ligaments

Answer 42

- glenoid labrum - glenohumeral (superior, middle, inferior) - coracohumeral - transverse humeral

Question 43

glenohumeral joint: movements

Answer 43

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial/lateral rotation, circumduction

Question 44

glenohumeral joint: bursae

Answer 44

- subtendinous bursa of subscapularis - subacromial - btw acromion/ skin - btw coracoid process/ joint cap - around other tendons of g.h. joint

Question 45

glenohumeral joint: factors enhancing stability

Answer 45

- rotator cuff muscles | - coraco-acromial arch

Question 46

glenohumeral joint: blood supply

Answer 46

branches of: - anterior/ posterior circumflex humeral artery - suprascapular artery

Question 47

glenohumeral joint: innervation

Answer 47

branches from: - posterior cord of brachial plexus - suprascapular - axillary - lateral pectoral nerves

Question 48

joint capsule: openings

Answer 48

- long head of biceps brachii | - subscapularis bursa

Question 49

joint capsule: why redundant inferiorly?

Answer 49

allow for large degree of movement

Question 50

glenoid labrum: function

Answer 50

deepens glenoid cavity

Question 51

glenoid labrum: features

Answer 51

- fibro-cartilaginous rim | - long tendon of biceps and triceps brachii attach near there

Question 52

glenohumeral ligaments: features/function

Answer 52

- inter-capsular ligaments | - reinforce anterior part of joint capsule

Question 53

glenohumeral ligaments: list fibres

Answer 53

superior, middle, inferior

Question 54

coracohumeral ligament: located/ feature

Answer 54

capsular ligament | - base of coracoid process -> anterior aspect of greater tubercle

Question 55

transverse humeral ligament: located

Answer 55

superior end of intertubercular groove

Question 56

transverse humeral ligament: functions

Answer 56

- bridges gap btw greater/ lesser tubercles | - holds tendon of long head of biceps brachii inside intertubercular groove

Question 57

coracoacromial arch: feature/ function

Answer 57

- protective arch superior to humerus head | - prevents superior dislocation of shoulder

Question 58

coracoacromial arch: forms osseofibrous brudge

Answer 58

- coracoacromial ligament (accessory) - coracoid process - acromion

Question 59

list 2 bursae of shoulder:

Answer 59

- subscapular | - subacromial

Question 60

subscapula bursa: located/ function

Answer 60

- tendon of subscapularis, neck of scapula, fibrous capsule | - communicates with joint cavity

Question 61

subacromial (subdeltoid) bursa: located/ function

Answer 61

- deltoid, coracoacromial arch, supraspinatus, fibrous capsule - does NOT normally communicate with joint cavity