Function, Structure,

Question 1

Function

Answer 1

• deliver air to lungs
• convey oxygen from inhaled air to the blood for delivery to body cells
• expel the waste products ( co2 and some water ) that are returned to lungs by the blood during exhalation
• produce airflow through the larynx that makes speech possible

Question 2

Structures
- supplies blood with oxygen for transportation to the cells in all parts of the body
-

Answer 2

UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
- nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx , trachea

LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT

• consists of bronchial tree and lungs
• located within the thoracic cavity or rib cage
• URT and the bronchial tree of LRT is sometimes referred as ‘airway’

Question 3

Nose

Answer 3

• nasal septum is wall of cartilage that divides nose into two equal sections

CILIA

• the thin hairs located just inside the nostrils
• filter incoming air to remove debris

MICOUS MEMBRANES

• line the nose
• these specialized tissue also lines the digestive, reproductive and urinary systems , other parts of respiratory system

MUCUS

• slippery secretion produced by mucous membranes
• protects and lubricates tissues
• mucus warms, moistens, and filter air that enters through nose

OLFACTORY RECEPTOR

• nerve endings that act as receptors for the sense of smell and taste
• located in the mucous membrane in the upper part of nasal cavity

Question 4

Tonsils

Answer 4

Palatine tonsils
- located in back of mouth

Nasopharyngeal tonsils
- higher up, behind nose and roof of mouth

Question 5

Paranasal sinuses
Para=near
Nas=nose

Answer 5

• air filled cavities
• lines with mucous membrane
• located in bones of the skull
• sinus can be a sac or cavity in any organ or tissue

Function of sinuses
- make bones of skull lighter
- help produce sound by giving resonance to the voice
- produce mucus to provide lubrication for the tissues of nasal cavity
- paranasal sinuses are located on either side of the nose and are names for bones in which they are located
FRONTAL SINUS
- located in frontal bone
- just above eyebrows

SPHENOID SINUS

• located in sphenoid bone behind the eye and under the pituitary gland
• close to optic nerve

MAXILLARY SINUS

• largest of paranasal sinus
• located in maxillary bones u see eyes
• infection- pain in posterior maxillary teeth

ETHMOID SINUS

• located in ethmoid bones between nose and eyes
• irregularly shaped air cells
• separates from orbital eye cavity by only a thin layer of bone

Question 6

Pharynx

Answer 6

• known as throat

Nasopharynx

• first division
• posterior to nasal cavity
• continues downward behind mouth
• this portion is used only for transport of air
• opens into oropharynx

OROPHARYNX

• 2 nd division of pharynx
• the portion is visible when looking into mouth
• or/o = mouth
• this portion shared by respiratory and digestive system
• transports food, air,

LARYNGOPHARYNX

• -3rd division
• shared by respiratory and digestive system
• air, food flow down to openings of esophagus and trachea
• esophagus- food and fluid
• trachea- air enters trachea