Functionalism Negative C&D Functions

Question 1

Who said the value consensus of society is weakened in times of change?

Answer 1

Durkheim

Question 2

What does a weakened value consensus pose a threat to?

Answer 2

Social stability

Question 3

What is it called when many people in society do not know what norms and values to follow?

Answer 3

Anomie

Question 4

What might happen if people act in selfish ways?

Answer 4

Crime will increase

Question 4

Name a recent period of time where society greatly changed

Answer 4

Covid-19 Lockdowns

Question 4

Name 2 laws people broke during the Lockdowns

Answer 4

Going out for more than 1 hour, not wearing masks

Question 5

What does it mean if people do not follow the value consensus?

Answer 5

They start to act in selfish ways

Question 5

Why do upper class people believe they can get away with corporate crimes in terms of responsibility?

Answer 5

Because responsibility is diffused

Question 6

What do Functionalists ignore with their view of uncertainty over norms and values resulting in crimes, according to Marxists?

Answer 6

Many crimes created during periods of instability are done by the upper class

Question 7

Which Marxist created the 3 reasons why upper class people get away with CC’s?

Answer 7

Croall

Question 7

Why do upper class people believe they can get away with corporate crimes in terms of meeting victims?

Answer 7

Victims and Offenders rarely meet

Question 8

Why do upper class people believe they can get away with corporate crimes in terms of victims’ knowledge?

Answer 8

Victims may not know that they are victims

Question 9

Which 2 types of crimes are upper class people more likely to commit in society?

Answer 9

Corporate Crimes, White Collar Crimes

Question 9

Which Functionalist observed why most people did not commit crimes in relation to social bonds?

Answer 9

Hirschi

Question 10

Why is the social bond of involvement with others a prevention of crime?

Answer 10

Because it leaves us with less time to commit crimes

Question 10

Why is the social bond of attatchment to others a prevention of crime?

Answer 10

Because the risk of committing a crime and losing everything is too great

Question 10

Why is belief in the law a prevention of crime?

Answer 10

Because it means people will believe the law system is beneficial for society

Question 11

Why are the social bond factors more likely to apply to adults?

Answer 11

Because they have had time to develop these bonds

Question 11

Why is investment in what we have a prevention of crime?

Answer 11

Everything we spend time building up could be lost if you committed a crime

Question 12

Why will the attachment to others social bond be weaker for young people?

Answer 12

Young people will have less attachment to others in society

Question 13

Why will the involvement with others social bond be weaker for young people?

Answer 13

Young people have less things to involve themselves in so might take up the time by committing crimes

Question 14

Name a group of people in school that young people will not be attatched to

Answer 14

Their peers

Question 15

Why will the belief in the law social bond be weaker for young people?

Answer 15

They have not developed a connection with the law

Question 15

Why will the investment in what we have social bond be weaker for young people?

Answer 15

Because they have not built up their own family or their own career

Question 16

Which age group is most likely to be in prison?

Answer 16

30 to 39 year olds

Question 17

Which organization has data on prison populations going against Hirschi's argument?

Answer 17

The Home Office

Question 18

What could be argued about judges with young offenders?

Answer 18

They are more lenient with young offenders

Question 19

Why would prison statistics be inaccurate if judges were lenient to young offenders?

Answer 19

It would mean there would be less young people in prison who should be

Question 20

Name a case where a young person had a lenient judge

Answer 20

Brock Turner Case

Question 21

How old was Brock Turner?

Answer 21

19 years old?

Question 22

What crime had Brock Turner committed?

Answer 22

Sexual Assault

Question 23

What prison sentence was given to Brock Turner?

Answer 23

6 months

Question 23

Why was Brock Turner given a short sentence?

Answer 23

The judge did not want to give a sentence that would impact his career

Question 24

How many months in prison did Brock Turner actually serve?

Answer 24

3 months

Question 25

What career did Brock Turner have?

Answer 25

A swimming career

Question 25

Which data found the most populated age for people in prison is 30 to 39 years old?

Answer 25

2020 Home Office Data

Question 26

Which functionalist created the concept of strain?

Answer 26

Merton

Question 26

What was the American Dream?

Answer 26

To be wealthy and successful

Question 27

What was an issue with the social structure of the USA for the American Dream?

Answer 27

It was not suited for everyone to achieve the American Dream

Question 27

Which class in society found it harder to achieve the American Dream?

Answer 27

Working class

Question 28

How many ways did Merton argue there were to following the socially acceptable goals?

Answer 28

5

Question 29

What were the 4 adaptations as alternatives to being a Conformist?

Answer 29

Innovator, Rebel, Ritualist, Retreatist

Question 30

What was the name of the way most individuals approached socially acceptable goals?

Answer 30

Conformists

Question 31

How would Ritualists approach the American Dream?

Answer 31

They would give up on trying to achieve it but continue to have a job

Question 32

How would Retreatists approach the American Dream?

Answer 32

They would give up on using the socially approved means of the American Dream and instead receive benefits

Question 33

What did Chambliss say the Capitalist system did?

Answer 33

Encourage people to consume endlessly

Question 33

How would Rebels approach the American dream?

Answer 33

They would reject it and make their own goals

Question 34

What would Marxists say about Merton's strain theory?

Answer 34

He ignores the people who created the American Dream for a specific purpose

Question 35

What would Marxists argue about the purpose of the American Dream was?

Answer 35

To keep the proletariat trying to achieve a goal that they would not achieve

Question 36

Which Functionalist observed a deviant youth culture experiencing status frustration?

Answer 36

Cohen

Question 36

Name 2 crimes which the working class boys committed in Cohen's study

Answer 36

Vandalism, Violence

Question 36

What concept did Cohen create?

Answer 36

Status frustration

Question 37

What was the financial benefit of the crimes committed in Cohen's study?

Answer 37

Because it did not give the participants any financial gain

Question 38

What is status frustration?

Answer 38

When working class students aspire to gain status in school but fail

Question 39

How do working class boys respond to status frustration?

Answer 39

They join anti-school subcultures

Question 40

Why do working class boys join anti-school subcultures as a response to status frustration?

Answer 40

Because they believe it will help them achieve status

Question 40

What do the working class boys do to middle class values?

Answer 40

They invert them

Question 41

Name a middle class value about school that was inverted by the working class boys

Answer 41

Middle class value of education being useful was changed to be seen as pointless

Question 41

What would Postmodernists say about Crime being a response to status frustration?

Answer 41

This idea is outdated

Question 42

What would Lyng say about why young people commit crime?

Answer 42

They commit it for the thrill of getting away with it or the excitement of getting caught

Question 43

What does Lyng say about the increase in CCTV?

Answer 43

It makes people more likely to commit crimes?

Question 44

Why does Lyng argue CCTV will cause more crime?

Answer 44

It is more difficult to get away with the crime

Question 45

What would Katz say about why young people commit crime?

Answer 45

It has a seductive element to it