Neo-Marxists on Crime and Deviance

Question 1

Who do Neo-Marxists agree with?

Answer 1

Marxists

Question 2

What do Neo-Marxists agree with Marxists on about Capitalism?

Answer 2

That it causes crime because of greed

Question 3

What do Neo-Marxists believe about working-class crime being committed?

Answer 3

It can sometimes be committed as a political act

Question 4

What do Neo-Marxists observe with racism and labelling?

Answer 4

This is used by the police and the media to create an image of who will be a criminal

Question 5

What reason do Neo-Marxists believe working class individuals commit crime?

Answer 5

They do it as a political act

Question 6

Who said working class people commit crime as a deliberate act with political motives?

Answer 6

Taylor, Walton and Young

Question 7

What did Taylor, Walton and Young say about the amount of working class people who commit crime?

Answer 7

Most working class people will not commit crimes

Question 8

What did Taylor, Walton and Young say about the cause of some crimes?

Answer 8

It was due to the redistribution of wealth from the bourgeoisie to the proletariat

Question 9

Give an example of a working class crime acting to redistribute wealth

Answer 9

If a poor person stole something from a rich person

Question 10

What would Postmodernists argue Neo-Marxist views on why working class people commit crimes?

Answer 10

They argue it is outdated

Question 11

What do Postmodernists say about how many crimes are politically motivated?

Answer 11

Few crimes are politically motivated

Question 12

What does it mean if it is impossible to identify causes of a crime for each different person?

Answer 12

Each person has different needs for committing a crime

Question 13

What did Henry and Milovanovic argue?

Answer 13

In a postmodern society it is no longer possible to identify causes of crime

Question 13

Name a crime which may have many different causes

Answer 13

Murder

Question 14

According to 2020 Home Office Data, how many times more likely are black people to be stopped and searched?

Answer 14

9 times more likely

Question 14

What is the effect on OCS if the police believe in the myth of black criminality?

Answer 14

The statistics are not correct

Question 14

Name 3 reasons why people might commit murder

Answer 14

Revenge, Jealousy, Rage

Question 15

Which social institution believes in the myth of black criminality?

Answer 15

The Police

Question 15

What do police assume about black people’s upbringing?

Answer 15

They did not experience efficient primary socialisation, leading them to become criminals

Question 16

What does Gilroy say about the frequency of black people committing crime?

Answer 16

They do not commit crime more frequently than people from other ethnic backgrounds

Question 16

What did Gilroy say was the reason for all ethnicities to commit crime?

Answer 16

Poverty

Question 16

Who said people from all ethnic backgrounds commit crime?

Answer 16

Gilroy

Question 17

What is the impact of the myth of black criminality for police actions towards black people?

Answer 17

They are more violent towards them

Question 18

According to 2020 Ministry of Justice data, how overrepresented are black people in prison?

Answer 18

10% overrepresented

Question 18

Why are Official Crime Statistics reliable if the methods are standardised?

Answer 18

There will not be any bias present in the reporting of crimes

Question 19

What would Functionalists say about the police being more likely to report black people for crime?

Answer 19

It is not true as they use Standardised methods to record their data

Question 19

What is standardisation?

Answer 19

When the same processes are used throughout something

Question 20

According to Functionalists, how would the police report a crime if a poor black woman or a wealthy white man stole a pair of shoes?

Answer 20

They would report it the same either way

Question 20

How will the media spread the myth of black criminality?

Answer 20

They highlight the ethnicities of criminals

Question 21

Who said the media spread the myth of black criminality?

Answer 21

Gilroy

Question 22

What is the impact among the white working class for the myth of black criminality spread?

Answer 22

White working class individuals will blame ethnic minorities for crime

Question 23

What is a benefit for the bourgeoisie of the proletariat being divided among themselves?

Answer 23

They are less likely to overthrow the ruling class

Question 23

Which Sociologist argued Black and Asian people have been stopped and searched more frequently?

Answer 23

Pemberton

Question 24

What did the government introduce in 2000?

Answer 24

The Terrorism Act

Question 24

What did Gilroy say the government try and do with heightened fears of crime?

Answer 24

Use it to justify society becoming more controlled by the police

Question 25

Who found there was a moral panic around young black muggers in the 1970s?

Answer 25

Hall

Question 25

What was the Terrorism Act?

Answer 25

A law that gave police the ability to stop and search people and their cars without any justification

Question 26

Which groups of people in society do the media show as committing the most crimes?

Answer 26

Ethnic minorities

Question 27

What was the job situation for many black youths during the 1970s?

Answer 27

They were unemployed or in low wage jobs

Question 27

How did a minority of the struggling black youths cope with the unemployment?

Answer 27

They started to mug people

Question 28

What does Hall argue about why the Moral Panic was made?

Answer 28

It was to divert attention from capitalism not working

Question 28

Police response to the moral panic

Answer 28

More likely to stop and search black people

Question 28

What did Hall say the media did in response to a minority of black youths mugging people?

Answer 28

They portrayed the issue as being carried out by all young black people

Question 29

Who were the folk devils due to this black mugger moral panic?

Answer 29

Young black people

Question 30

What was a result of the response by the media among black youths?

Answer 30

Deviancy Amplification

Question 31

Which 2 Feminists say Moral Panics are an outdated concept?

Answer 31

McRobbie and Thornton

Question 31

Why would these Feminists say moral panics are outdated?

Answer 31

There are so many forms of media that folk devils no longer have a negative perception

Question 32

Due to the abundance of media outlets, what will some media outlets do for folk devils?

Answer 32

They will sympathise with them

Question 33

What is the case for Deviant Youth Culture norms and values?

Answer 33

They are different from mainstream societies norms and values

Question 34

Who did Willis study?

Answer 34

A group of working class boys

Question 35

What did Willis want to find out?

Answer 35

Why working class boys got working class jobs

Question 36

How did the lads see school?

Answer 36

They saw it as an opportunity to prepare for their jobs being tedious

Question 37

What jobs did the role models do?

Answer 37

Factory jobs

Question 38

Who were the role models for the lads?

Answer 38

Their dads

Question 39

What form of youth culture was created due to the lads acting deviant?

Answer 39

Deviant youth culture

Question 40

What would Functionalists say about Neo-Marxist views on youths joining deviant youth cultures?

Answer 40

They do not focus on status frustration

Question 41

Who created the concept of Status frustration?

Answer 41

Cohen

Question 42

What is status frustration?

Answer 42

When working class people feel unable to move up a class so stop trying

Question 43

What was a deviant act Cohen observed the deviant youth culture doing?

Answer 43

They vandalised property

Question 43

What is the impact of status frustration in terms of youth cultures?

Answer 43

Young people will join deviant youth cultures