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Gait Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Define gait cycle

A

Heel strike to ipsilateral heel strike

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2
Q

Gait cycle is synonymous to _______

A

Stride

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3
Q

Define step

A

Heel strike to contralateral heel strike

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4
Q

Stance:swing ratio for walking

A

60:40

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5
Q

Distance between ipsilateral foot contacts

A

Stride length

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6
Q

Distance between contralateral foot contacts

A

Step length

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7
Q

Distance between heel centers of contralateral feet

A

Step width

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8
Q

Angle formed between long axis of foot and line of progression

A

Foot angle

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9
Q

Term for steps/min

A

Cadence

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10
Q

6 steps of stance

A
  1. Heel strike/IC
  2. Foot flat/loading response
  3. Mid-stance
  4. Heel off/terminal stance
  5. Pre-swing
  6. Toe-off
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11
Q

Two instantaneous events in stance phase

A

Heel strike/IC and toe-off

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12
Q

Two double support times during stance phase

A

Foot flat/loading response and pre-swing

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13
Q

3 parts of swing phase

A
  1. Acceleration/initial swing
  2. Midswing
  3. Deceleration/terminal swing
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14
Q

4 determinants of gait

A
  1. knee flexion during loading
  2. pelvic tilt during swing
  3. pelvic rotation
  4. combined knee, ankle and foot
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15
Q

During what part of gait is the body most stable?

A

Double limb support

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16
Q

During what phase of gait is the body least stable?

A

Midstance

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17
Q

What side of the body does lateral pelvic tilt occur on?

A

Swing leg

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18
Q

Goal of lateral pelvic tilt

A

Keep COG low

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19
Q

Purpose of knee flexion @ midstance

A

Keep COG low

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20
Q

Serves to lengthen legs and prevent excessive movement of COG

A

Pelvic rotation (forward and backward)

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21
Q

Forward rotation occurs on ______ side

A

Swing

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22
Q

Backward rotation occurs on _______ side

A

Stance

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23
Q

Total pelvic rotation during gait

24
Q

Kinetic energy is a direct function of ______

25
When is kinetic energy highest?
DLS
26
When is potential energy highest?
Midstance
27
High COG = _____ potential energy
High
28
Relationship between pelvic tilt and gait speed
Increases w speed
29
Peak hip extension occurs at _______________
Terminal stance
30
Hip flexion at IC
30º
31
Knee's reaction to loading
Flexes to approx 20º
32
Following IC, what are osteokinematics of ankle?
PF bc eccentric control of tibia
33
When is DF highest?
Mid-stance
34
Explain what causes toe drop
No tib ant eccentric control during PF after IC
35
When does the hip adduct?
During loading
36
Pattern of pronation/supination during gait
Supination - pronation - supination
37
Purpose of pronation of foot during stance
Adds flexibility to midfoot
38
During what part of stance does the foot return to supination?
Late stance
39
Stance limb ASIS becomes ___________ just before toe-off
Retracted
40
Shoulder girdle rotates in the __________ direction of the pelvis
Opposite
41
R shoulder moving anteriorly = _______ rotation
Left
42
L shoulder moving anteriorly = ______ rotation
Right
43
Restriction in trunk motion ________ energy expenditure
Increases
44
During what phase of gait is shoulder most extended?
Heel contact
45
During what phase of gait is shoulder most flexed?
DLS
46
Purpose of shoulder movement during gait
Balances rotational forces of trunk
47
Phase of greatest muscle activity
Loading response
48
Ability to position leg in WB position
Prepositioning
49
Excessive PF in stance will _____ stride length and ________ gait velocity
Shorten; reduce
50
max PF º and phase
30-45º toe off
51
max DF º and phase
10-15º mid-terminal stance
52
max hip extension º and phase
10º terminal stance
53
max hip flexion º and phase
35º midswing
54
max knee extension º and phase
0-5º initial contact
55
max knee flexion º and phase
60º midswing
56
max great toe extension º
60º

Kines (13 decks)

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