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Kines > Hand > Flashcards

Hand Flashcards

1
Q

which parts of the radius are concave?

A

M-L and A-P

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2
Q

where is lister’s tubercle?

A

radius

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3
Q

degree of ulnar tilt of radius

A

25º

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4
Q

degree of palmar tilt of radius

A

10º

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5
Q

the difference between lengths of radius and ulna

A

ulnar variance

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6
Q

when is ulnar difference value deemed abnormal?

A

when >1 mm difference

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7
Q

pronation = functional __________ of radius

A

shortening

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8
Q

supination = functional _________ of radius

A

lengthening

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9
Q

ulnar positive/negative

A

+: ulna is longer than radius

-: distal ulna is shorter than radius

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10
Q

most unstable carpal bone

A

lunate

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11
Q

sesamoid bone of hand

A

pisiform

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12
Q

largest carpal bone

A

capitate

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13
Q

this carpal bone articulates with the 1st MC

A

trapezium

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14
Q

this carpal bone articulates with the 2nd MC

A

trapezoid

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15
Q

describe the shape and components of carpal tunnel in respect to carpal bones/ligs

A

palmar concavity of carpal bones + transverse carpal lig

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16
Q

components of radiocarpal joint

A

concave radius/articular disc, convex scaphoid and lunate

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17
Q

components of medial midcarpal joint

A

convex capitate/hamate

concave scaphoid/lunate/triquetrum

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18
Q

components of lateral midcarpal joint

A

concave trapezium/trapezoid

convex scaphoid

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19
Q

two main roles of hand ligs

A
  1. maintain alignment

2. disperse forces

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20
Q

wrist extension occurs with this movement

A

radial deviation

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21
Q

wrist flexion occurs with this movement

A

ulnar deviation

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22
Q

AOR of wrist

A

capitate

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23
Q

explain the central column

A

simplified model for arthrokinematics

radius - lunate - capitate - third MC

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24
Q

entire midcarpal joint represented by what happens between….

A

lunate and capitate

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25
Q

entire radiocarpal joint represented by the movement between…

A

lunate and radius

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26
Q

arthrokin at radiocarpal joint

A

convex carpal on concave radius

roll and glide in opposite direction in open chain

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27
Q

movement at midcarpal joint is considered as….

A

one unit

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28
Q

in respect to arthrokin, a segment moves and rolls in the ____ direction

A

same

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29
Q

secondary extensors have a critical role in…

A

positioning wrist for grip

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30
Q

long finger flexors create these two movements

A

finger flexion + wrist flexion

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31
Q

max effort grip wrist extension angle

A

30º

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32
Q

which deviators are stronger?

A

radial

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33
Q

3 functions of hand

A
  1. sensory
  2. effector
  3. emotional communicator
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34
Q

define ray

A

one MC bone and its associated phalanges

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35
Q

hand is _____ on palmar side. why?

A

concave - allows tendons to reside here

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36
Q

1st MC rotated __________

A

90º medially

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37
Q

1st MC positioned ______

A

anterior

38
Q

1st MC orientation allows for…

A

thumb positioning for prehension

39
Q

arches of the hand

A
  1. prox transverse arch
  2. distal transverse arch
  3. longitudinal arch
40
Q

term for main source of structural stability of arch of hand

A

keystone

41
Q

keystone structure of prox transverse arch

A

capitate

42
Q

prox transverse arch is formed by….

A

distal row of carpals

43
Q

what kind of arch is the prox transverse arch?

A

rigid

44
Q

distal transverse arch is formed by…

A

MCP joints

45
Q

keystone structure of distal transverse arch

A

2 and 3 MCPS

46
Q

where is the distal transverse arch flexible?

A

1, 4, 5 MCPs

47
Q

longitudinal arch follows general shape of…

A

2nd and 3rd rays

48
Q

long arch provides…

A

longitudinal stability

49
Q

keystone structure of longitudinal arch

A

2/3 MCPs

50
Q

discuss mobility/stability of CMC 2-5

A

2+3: stable

4+5: mobile

51
Q

the 4th and 5th CMC joints are responsible for….

A

cupping motion of flexion and internal rotation

52
Q

describe 1st CMC joint capsule

A

loose to allow movement

53
Q

what kind of joint is the 1st CMC?

A

saddle

54
Q

describe shape of trapezium in relation to arthrokin at 1st CMC

A

concave palmar-dorsal

convex med-lat

55
Q

arthrokin of flex/ext and ab/add at 1st CMC

A

flex/ext: concave on convex

add/ab: convex on concave

56
Q

close packed position of 1st CMC

A

opposition

57
Q

composite motion of thumb opposition

A

abduction, flexion, internal rotation

58
Q

arthrokin of MCP joint

A

convex metacarpals and concave proximal phalanges

59
Q

two things imbedded in MCP capsule

A
  1. rad/uln collateral ligs

2. palmar plate

60
Q

form tunnels to house the finger flexor tendons and anchor to palmar plate

A

fibrous digital sheaths

61
Q

MCP joint has large degree of….

A

passive accessory motions

62
Q

MCP joint flexion - where do you have more?

A

5th MCP

63
Q

most movement in thumb comes from this joint

A

CMC

64
Q

IP arthrokin

A

concave distal base on convex proximal head

roll/glide in same direction

65
Q

ligs that restrict extension at IP

A

check-rein(deer) ligaments

66
Q

close packed position of IP

A

full extension

67
Q

as we age, we get more __________ of the thumb IP joint

A

extension

68
Q

extrinsic muscles have proximal attachments on….

A

forearm or humeral epis

69
Q

intrinsic muscles have prox and distal attachments……

A

within the hand

70
Q

sole flexor of the thumb

A

FPL - flexes MCP and CMC

71
Q

hold tendons close to joint to prevent bowstringing and maintain length-tension relationship

A

flexor pulleys

72
Q

what kind of tendons are in the fibrous digital sheaths?

A

extrinsic

73
Q

provide lube and nutrients for tendons to pass through

A

digital synovial sheath

74
Q

isolating PIP flexion requires….

A

stabilization from proximal extensors

75
Q

most dominant extensor

A

ED

76
Q

ED isolated contraction =

A

MCP hyperextension

77
Q

“backbone” of extensor mechanism

A

central band

78
Q

diverge from central band

A

lateral bands

79
Q

forms a sling around the base of proximal phalanx

A

dorsal hood

80
Q

purpose of extensor mechanism

A

transmit extensor forces + stabilize its tendons

81
Q

these are essential for fine motor control

A

intrinsics

82
Q

intrinsic plus position

A

lumbrical grip

83
Q

extreinsic plus position

A

MCP extension and IP flexion

84
Q

two types of manipulation that the hand produces as an effector organ

A

repetitive

blunt

85
Q

5 types of grip (review pics of these in slide 50)

A
  1. power grip
  2. precision grip
  3. power (key) pinch
  4. precision pinch
  5. hook grip
86
Q

RA reduces…

A

tensile strength of CT

87
Q

cause of zigzag deformity in thumb

A

taut FPL –> hyperext of MCP –> dislocated CMC

88
Q

swan-neck deformity vs boutonniere deformity

A

swan-neck ends in DIP flexion, BD ends in DIP extension

89
Q

ulnar drift

A

overstretching of RCL - ulnar dev at MCP joint

90
Q

cause of swan neck

A

contracted intrinsic muscles + taught FDP

91
Q

cause of boutonnieres

A

slipped lateral band, overstretched palmar plate, ruptured central band

Kines (13 decks)

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