Gamete Production & Fertilisation

Question 1

Where in the testes are sperm produced?

Answer 1

seminiferous tubules

Question 2

Where is testosterone produced in the testes?

Answer 2

Interstitial cells

Question 3

Name 2 glands that add to the semen.

Answer 3

Prostate gland and seminal vesicles

Question 4

What is the function of testosterone?

Answer 4

Stimulate sperm production

Question 5

What initially surrounds the ovum in the ovaries?

Answer 5

Graafian follicle

Question 6

What does the graafian follicle develop into after ovulation?

Answer 6

Corpus Luteum

Question 7

Name the hormone the graafian follicle produces

Answer 7

Oestrogen

Question 8

What hormone does the corpus luteum produce?

Answer 8

Progesterone

Question 9

Where does releaser hormone travel from and to?

Answer 9

hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

Question 10

Name 2 things secreted by the seminal vesicles.

Answer 10

1. Fructose

2. Hormones - prostaglandins

Question 11

Name a substance produced by the prostate gland.

Answer 11

liquid containing enzymes

Question 12

What is the purpose of the secretions from the seminal vesicles and prostate gland?

Answer 12

maintain mobility and viability of sperm

Question 13

Name the 2 gonadotrophic hormones in men.

Answer 13

FSH and ICSH

Question 14

Name the 2 gonadotrophic hormones in women.

Answer 14

FSH and LH

Question 15

As the concentration of testosterone increases, how does this affect the pituitary gland?

Answer 15

inhibits the release of FSH and ICSH

Question 16

What name is given to the self-regulating mechanism of testosterone levels?

Answer 16

negative feedback

Question 17

What name is given to the release of an egg?

Answer 17

ovulation

Question 18

When does ovulation take place?

Answer 18

When the hormone LH is at its highest

Question 19

Name the 2 ovarian hormones.

Answer 19

oestrogen and progesterone

Question 20

What effect does oestrogen have on the uterus?

Answer 20

stimulates the proliferation of the endometrium

Question 21

What effect does oestrogen have on the pituitary gland?

Answer 21

It stimulates the secretion of LH

Question 22

What effect does progesterone have on the uterus?

Answer 22

Further development of endometrium and vascularisation

Question 23

What effect does progesterone have on the pituitary gland?

Answer 23

It inhibits the release of FSH and LH

Question 24

Name the 2 phases of the menstrual cycle.

Answer 24

Follicular and Luteal

Question 25

Why is it good that progesterone inhibits the pituitary gland during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 25

So that another egg is not released

Question 26

If fertilisation does not occur, a lack of LH has what effect on the corpus luteum?

Answer 26

Degeneration

Question 27

Degeneration of the corpus luteum has what effect on the progesterone levels in the body?

Answer 27

Decrease

Question 28

What effect does a lack of progesterone have on the uterus during the luteal phase?

Answer 28

Causes menstruation - lining of uterus to fall away

Question 29

Name the hormone an embryo secretes if fertilisation does place.

Answer 29

HCG

Question 30

What effect does HCG have on the corpus luteum & progesterone levels?

Answer 30

Maintains the corpus luteum and maintains progesterone levels.

Question 31

Where in the female does fertilisation take place?

Answer 31

Oviduct

Question 32

Name the cell produced after fertilisation.

Answer 32

Zygote

Question 33

What produces progesterone throughout pregnancy to maintain the lining of the uterus?

Answer 33

placenta