Hormonal Control of Reproduction

Question 1

Where does releaser hormone travel from and to?

Answer 1

Hypothalamus to the pituitary gland

Question 2

Name the 2 gonadotrophic hormones in men.

Answer 2

FSH and ICSH

Question 3

Name the 2 gonadotrophic hormones in women.

Answer 3

FSH and LH

Question 4

What effect does FSH have on the testes?

Answer 4

Stimulates sperm production

Question 5

Where are sperm produced?

Answer 5

seminiferous tubules

Question 6

What effect does ICSH have on the testes?

Answer 6

Stimulates testosterone production in the interstitial cells

Question 7

What term is used to describe the fertility in men because they have a steady level of testosterone and therefore sperm production.

Answer 7

Continuously fertile

Question 8

What term is used to describe the fertility of females?

Answer 8

Cyclical

Question 9

How does ovulation affect:

a) body temperature
b) cervical mucus

Answer 9

a) body temperature rises by about 0.2-0.5oC

b) Thin and watery

Question 10

Which hormone stimulates sperm production and activates the prostate gland and seminal vesicles?

Answer 10

testosterone

Question 11

What effect do high levels of testosterone have on the pituitary gland?

Answer 11

negative feedback - inhibit the production of FSH and ICSH

Question 12

Approximately, how many days does the menstrual cycle last?

Answer 12

28 days

Question 13

Name the gonadotrophic hormone that stimulates the follicle and the production of oestrogen.

Answer 13

FSH (Follicle stimulating hormone)

Question 14

Name the first phase of the menstrual cycle.

Answer 14

Follicular phase

Question 15

What effect does oestrogen have on the endometrium of the uterus?

Answer 15

stimulates proliferation

Question 16

What effect does oestrogen have on the cervical mucus?

Answer 16

Reduces the consistency making it easier for the sperm to penetrate

Question 17

What effect does oestrogen have on the pituitary gland?

Answer 17

stimulates the secretion of LH

Question 18

When does ovulation take place?

Answer 18

When LH is at its highest

Question 19

What term is used to describe the release of an egg (ovum) from a follicle in the ovary?

Answer 19

ovulation

Question 20

Name the 2nd phase of the menstrual cycle.

Answer 20

luteal phase

Question 21

What does the follicle develop into after ovulation.

Answer 21

corpus luteum

Question 22

Name the hormone that the corpus luteum secretes.

Answer 22

progesterone

Question 23

What effect does progesterone have on the endometrium of the uterus?

Answer 23

Further thickening and vascularisation

Question 24

What effect does progesterone have on the pituitary gland?

Answer 24

inhibit the secretion of FSH and LH

Question 25

Why is it important that the ovarian hormones inhibit the secretion of FSH and LH?

Answer 25

prevents further follicles developing and eggs being released

Question 26

What causes the degeneration of the corpus luteum?

Answer 26

lack of LH

Question 27

How does the degeneration of the corpus luteum affect progesterone levels?

Answer 27

decreases progesterone levels

Question 28

What effect does the decrease in progesterone levels have on the lining of the uterus?

Answer 28

falls away, menstruation

Question 29

What effect does testosterone have?

Answer 29

stimulates sperm production in the seminiferous tubules

Question 30

In the early stages of pregnancy, what maintains the corpus luteum?

Answer 30

HCG released from the embryo

Question 31

How does the corpus luteum being maintained affect progesterone levels?

Answer 31

Keeps progesterone levels high

Question 32

How does higher levels of progesterone affect the endometrium lining of the uterus?

Answer 32

Keeps them thick, maintains them.

Question 33

What takes over the secretion of progesterone 6 weeks into pregnancy?

Answer 33

The placenta