gas exchange in the lungs Flashcards

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1
Q

stage 1

A

air passes through the trachea
rings of cartilage prevent trachea from collapsing after inhalation

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2
Q

stage 2

A

the trachea splits into two smaller tubes called bronchi with one passing into each lung

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3
Q

stage 3

A

further in the bronchi subdivide into bronchioles which are smaller tubes
they end in tiny air sacs called alveoli

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4
Q

how many alveoli do the lungs have and what r their size

A

the lungs have a lot of alveoli which are microscopic

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5
Q

what happens in alveoli

A

in an alveolus oxygen from the air diffuses into the blood-stream, blood diffuses in co2

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6
Q

adap 1: surface area

A

the millions of alveoli give the lungs a huge surface area

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7
Q

adap 2: walls

A

alveoli have very thin walls so diffusion path is very short

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8
Q

adap 3: supply

A

alveoli have a very good supply of blood

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9
Q

once oxygen is diffused into the blood-

A

once oxygen is diffused into the blood its rapidly removed, ensuring the concentration gradient is as steep as possible

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10
Q

how do we increase the rate of diffusion by breathing

A

by breathing we increase the rate of diffuison because breathing brings fresh oxygen into the alveoli and takes away the carbon dioxide, making the concentration gradient high and increases rate of diffusion

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