transport Flashcards
what is diffusion
spreading out of particles resulting in a net movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
what are 3 factors that affect the rate of diffusion
difference in concentration gradient, high tempurature, larger surface area
how does a difference in concentration gradient affect diffusion rate
more molecules get to move in increasing the rate
how does a higher tempurature affect diffusion rate
higher rate due to more kinetic energy
how does a larger surface area affect the rate of diffusion
higher rate
what is osmosis
diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane
what is meant by a partially permeable membrane
the membrane allows some molecules to pass through so not sugar but water
what happens if water move intos animal cell and moves out
it causes the cell to expand and it could potentially burst
when it moves out the cell shrinks
what happens when water moves into a plant cell
what is this called
its called turgid
the cell will expand but the cell wall will prevent it from bursting and it is instead swollen
what happens when water moves out of a plant cell and what is this called
flaccid
the cell shrinks
what is active transport
movement of dissolved molecules into or out of a cell through the cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to higher concentration
how does active transport take place in plants
when plants require mineral ions and water
this comes from the soil
where the roots lie
root hair cells have an adaptation of having long hair protrusions
this gives a large surface area
and has a lot of mitochondria
the mineral ions are at a higher concentration outside the cell
what 2 adaptations do root hair cells have
- long hair protrusions giving a large surface area
- lots of mitochondria which provides energy for active transport
