gastrointestinal Flashcards

Question

peptic ulcer treatment

Answer 1

antacids (liquid to coat stomach) ****take when the stomach is empty and at bedtime. when the stomach is empty acid can get on the ulcer so take antacids to protect the ulcer PPI "prazole" H2 antagonist (famotidine) GI cocktail (donnatal, viscous llidocaine, mylanta II) antibiotics for H. pylori (clarithromycin, amoxicillin, tetracycline, metronidazole) Sucralfate forms a barrier over the wound so acid can't get on the ulcer

Answer 2

``` decrease stress stop smoking eat what you can tolerate avoid temp extremes and spicy foods avoid caffeine ```

Answer 3

``` gastric: malnourished pain half hour to one hour after meals food doesn't help vomiting helps vomits blood ``` ``` duodenal: appear well nourished night time pain pain 2-3hours after meals food helps blood in stools ```

Answer 4

hole in diaphragm is too large so the stomach moves up into the thoracic cavity cause: large abdomen (lose weight), congenital abnormalities, trauma, straining

Answer 5

heartburn fullness after eating regurgitation dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)

Answer 6

``` small frequent meals sit up 1 hour after eating elevate HOB surgery teach lifestyle changes healthy diet ```

Answer 7

stomach empties quick after eating | client experiences uncomfortable to severe SE secondary to gastric bypass, gastrectomy, or gallbladder disease

Answer 8

``` fullness weakness palpitations cramping faintness diarrhea ```

Answer 9

``` semi-recumbent with meals lie down after meals on left side no fluids with meals small frequent meals avoid high carbs and electrolytes 9empty fast) ``` ***recline and dine * **left side lying = leaves it in * ** right side lying = releases it

Answer 10

UC: ulcerative inflammatory disease, large intestine Crohns: inflammation and erosion of the ileum (small intestine) but can be found in large intestine

Answer 11

``` diarrhea rectal bleeding vomiting weight loss cramping dehydration blood in stools anemia rebound tenderness (push in, let go, and it hurts) means peritoneal inflammation fever ```

Answer 12

ct scan mri ``` colonoscopy*** clear liquid diet 24 hours prior NPO 6-8hours prior avoid NSAIDs laxatives or enemas until clear polkyethylene glycol (better icy cold) sedated post: watch for perforation ***Assume the worst pain and discomfort ``` barium enema: BE or lower GI series done if colonoscopy is incomplete

Answer 13

diet: low residue to limit GI motility to help save fluid avoid cold foods and smoking meds: antibiotics steroids (decrease inflammation) biologics and immunodulators (infliximab, adalimumab) aminosalicylates (decrease inflammation)-- sulfasalazine, mesalamine surgery: UC total colectomy, an ileostomy is formed kock's ileostomy or an illeal pouch anal anastomosis (no external bag, attaches to the rectum) crohns: try not to do surgery remove only affected area may end up with an ileostomy (ostomy in ileum) or colostomy (ostomy in colon)

Answer 14

liquid stool all the time avoid foods hard to digest Gatorade or electrolyte for summer risk for kidney stones (dehydrated)

Answer 15

water and nutrients are being absorbed and the stool is forming when waste moves through the colon ascending and transverse (semi liquid stool) descending or sigmoid (semi formed or formed) need irrigation to give them some control regularly irrigate after a meal same time everyday anytime you give an enema and they cramp, stop the fluid lower the bad and/or check the temp of the fluid

Answer 16

inflammed appendix ***worry about rupture (lay them on their R side if ruptured)

Answer 17

generalized pain and localizes in the lower R quadrant (mcburneys point) rebound tenderness n/v anorexia

Answer 18

high WBC ultrasound ct dont give enemas or laxatives (worried about rupture-- perforation)

Answer 19

surgery | fowler's position post op

Answer 20

``` ***don't mix anything with it keep refrigerated warm for administration let it sit a few minutes prior to hanging central line needed filter needed nothing else should go through this line daily weights may need to take insulin blood glucose monitoring q 6hours check urine for ketones and glucose mixture adjusted daily r/t electrolytes can only be hung for 24 hours change tubing with each new bag needs to be on a pump emphasize hand washing ****infection is huge complication ```

Answer 21

have saline available for fluids (3 10ml) don't start fluids until positive confirmation by CXR trandelenburg to distend veins if air gets in: left side trandelenburg ***worry about air bubble when changing to avoid air bubble: clamp it off walsalva take a deep breath and hummmmm xray done to check for placement and make sure they do not have a pneumothorax position to take out central line: lie flat and apply pressure

gastrointestinal Flashcards

(45 cards)