Gastrointestinal Flashcards
(41 cards)
1
Q
Bismuth subsalicylate
A
- Pepto- OTC, stimulates PG/E2 secretions
- Diarrhea
- Impeded H pylori
- AE- all the black things
2
Q
Cromolyn sodium
A
- Mast cell stabilizer
- Diarrhea
3
Q
Diphenoxylate/ atropine
A
- Anticholinergic- relaxes sm and prolongs transit time
- Diarrhea
- CI- Pseudomembranous colitis or enterotoxin bacteria
4
Q
Loperamide
A
- Imodium, mu agonist/opiod, slows intestinal motility
- Diarrhea
- CI- gut infection, pseudomembranous colitis
5
Q
Octreotide
A
- For diarrhea associated with secreting tumors, prolongs transit
6
Q
Diphenhydramine
A
- First gen antihistamine/anticholinergic
- N/V, dizziness associated with motion, allergic reaction
- BLACK BOX do not use in obstruction, BPH, narrow angle glaucoma
- CI- neonates, lactation
7
Q
Meclizine
A
- First gen antihistamine/anticholinergic
- N/V, dizziness associated with motion
- BLACK BOX do not use in obstruction, BPH, narrow angle glaucoma
- CI- neonates, lactation
8
Q
Ondansetron
A
- 5 HT3 blocker
- Nausea due to chemo, rad, surgery
9
Q
Promethazine
A
- Phenothiazine, similar to antipsychotic and first gen H blockers
- Severe N/V, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, urdicaria, sedation, motion sickness, post op pain
- AE- extrapyramidal- psudo PD, sedation
- CI- <2 yo due to decrease in resp drive, asthma
10
Q
Prochlorperazine
A
- Phenothiazine, similar to antipsychotic and first gen H blockers
- Severe N/V, schizophrenia
- AE- extrapyramidal- psudo PD, sedation
- CI- <2 yo due to decrease in resp drive, asthma
- BLACK BOX- increased mortality in elderly with dementia- related to psychosis
11
Q
Scopalamine
A
- Anticholinergic
- N/V due to motion sickness, post surgery
- CI angle closure glaucoma
12
Q
Docusate
A
- Stool softener, surfactant
- Constipation
13
Q
Lactulose
A
- Oral osmotic- softener and laxative
- Constipation
14
Q
Milk of magnesium
A
- Oral osmotic- softener and laxative
- Constipation
15
Q
PEG 3350
A
- Miralax
- Oral osmotic- softener and laxative
- Constipation
16
Q
Bisacodyl
A
- Laxative- take at bedtime, 8 hr lapse for onset
- Constipation, colon prep
17
Q
Sodium phosphate
A
- Laxative- take at bedtime, 8 hr lapse for onset
- Colon prep
18
Q
Bismuth coiloids
A
- Cytoprotectant, against h-pylori
19
Q
Misoprostol
A
- Cytoprotectant, prostaglandin conjugate
- Prevention of NSAID induced ulcers
- Pregnancy category X
- AE- diarrhea
20
Q
Sucralfate
A
- Cytoprotectant, adheres to gastric mucosa, little systemic absorbtion
- AE- possible constipation
21
Q
Cimetidine
A
- H2 blocker, chemically related to histamine, reversibly, competatively inhibits H2 binding to decrease gastric acid
- PUD, GERD
- CYP 450 interactions, zollenger-ellison syndrome
22
Q
Rantidine
A
- H2 blocker, chemically related to histamine, reversibly, competatively inhibits H2 binding to decrease gastric acid
- PUD, GERD
- CYP 450 interactions, zollenger-ellison syndrome
23
Q
Omeprazole
A
- PPI, block parietal cell H/K-ATPase- irreversicle- takes 18 hours for parietal cell to make new molecules
- GERD, H-pylori, ulcers
AE- Hip fracture risk, rebound hypersecretion, increased gastrin release - Hospital use- increased risk of pneumonia, C.diff, GI infx
24
Q
Esomeprazole
A
- PPI, block parietal cell H/K-ATPase- irreversicle- takes 18 hours for parietal cell to make new molecules
- GERD, H-pylori, ulcers
AE- Hip fracture risk, rebound hypersecretion, increased gastrin release - Hospital use- increased risk of pneumonia, C.diff, GI infx
25
Lansoprazole
- PPI, block parietal cell H/K-ATPase- irreversicle- takes 18 hours for parietal cell to make new molecules
- GERD, H-pylori, ulcers
AE- Hip fracture risk, rebound hypersecretion, increased gastrin release
- Hospital use- increased risk of pneumonia, C.diff, GI infx
26
Pantoprazole
- PPI, block parietal cell H/K-ATPase- irreversicle- takes 18 hours for parietal cell to make new molecules
- GERD, H-pylori, ulcers
AE- Hip fracture risk, rebound hypersecretion, increased gastrin release
- Hospital use- increased risk of pneumonia, C.diff, GI infx
27
Sulfasalazine
- 5-amino salicylates
- ASA for the colon, inhibits COX
- UC, IBD
- CI- ASA/ sulfa sensitivity, GI/GU obstruction
- AE- HA, GI distress, Oligospermia
28
Mesalazine
- 5-amino salicylates
- Blocks PG synthesis
- IBD, UC
- CI- ASA/ sulfa sensitivity, GI/GU obstruction
- AE- HA, GI distress, Oligospermia
29
Predisone, Hydrocortisone
- Oral steroid
| - IBD
30
Prednisolone
- Oral steroid
| - IBD
31
Methylprednisone
- Oral steroid
| - IBD
32
Dexamethasone
- Oral steroid
| - IBD
33
Dicyclomine
- Antispasmotic/ anticholinergic
| - IBS
34
Hyoscyamine
- Anticholinergic
| - IBS
35
Scopalamine
- Anticholinergic
- IBS
- Smooth muscle spasticity
36
H-pylori triple therapy
- PPI + 2 antibiotics (metronidasole or amoxacillin + clarithromycin)
37
H-pylori quadruple therapy
- PPI + metronidazole + tetracycline + bismuth subsalicylate
38
Ursodeoxycholic acid
- Gallstone solubility
| - Cholelithiasis, primary biliary cirrhosis
39
Megestrol acetate
- Cachexia- progestin
- anorexia of AIDS
- Pregnancy category X
40
Metoclopramide
- Diabetic gastroparesis- facilitates gastric emptying, GERD, DA blocker
41
Pilocarpine
- Parasympathomimetic
| - sjogrens, dry mouth
