Respiratory Flashcards
(27 cards)
1
Q
Epinephrine
A
- alpha and beta 1,2 agonist
- Acute bronchospasm, glaucoma, v fib, v tach
2
Q
Codeine
A
- Opioid anti-tussives- decrease reflexive response, acct on cough center in the medulla
3
Q
Hyrocodone
A
- Opioid anti-tussives- decrease reflexive response, acct on cough center in the medulla
4
Q
Dextromethorphan
A
- Opioid anti-tussives- decrease reflexive response, acct on cough center in the medulla
- also non selective SSRI, metabolite is NMDA receptor antagonist
- hallucinogen at a high dose
5
Q
Benzonatate
A
- Chemically related to procaine- anesthetizes stretch receptors in resp tract, reduces cough reflex
- cough suppressant
- BLACK BOX psychiatric changes, accidental OD in kids
- AE- drowsy, N, HA, constipation
6
Q
Guaifenesin
A
- Selective alpha 2 agonist
- loosens/thins mucus, increases production of resp tract fluids
- reduced impulsivity in ADHD
- AE- decrease in BP and HR
7
Q
Diphenhydramine
A
- 1st gen antihistamine- inhibit histammeric signals from vestibular nucleus- vomiting center in the medulla- anticholinergic
- allergic conjuctivitis, urticaria, angioedema, dermatophraphism, motion sickness, sleep, parkinsonism
- selective activity for serotonin syndrome, SSRI induced sexual dysfunction
- possibly effective for- night mares, PTSD, migraine, hyperhidrosis, cyclical vomiting, refractive schixophrenia
- BLACK BOX do not use in GI/GU obstructions, narrow angle glaucoma
- AE- anticholinergic sx
8
Q
Hydraxyzine
A
- 1st gen antihistamine- inhibit histammeric signals from vestibular nucleus- vomiting center in the medulla- anticholinergic
- allergic conjuctivitis, urticaria, angioedema, dermatophraphism, motion sickness, sleep, parkinsonism
- selective activity for serotonin syndrome, SSRI induced sexual dysfunction
- possibly effective for- night mares, PTSD, migraine, hyperhidrosis, cyclical vomiting, refractive schixophrenia
- BLACK BOX do not use in GI/GU obstructions, narrow angle glaucoma
- AE- anticholinergic sx
9
Q
Promethazine
A
- 1st gen antihistamine- inhibit histammeric signals from vestibular nucleus- vomiting center in the medulla- anticholinergic
- allergic conjuctivitis, urticaria, angioedema, dermatophraphism, motion sickness, sleep, parkinsonism
- selective activity for serotonin syndrome, SSRI induced sexual dysfunction
- possibly effective for- night mares, PTSD, migraine, hyperhidrosis, cyclical vomiting, refractive schixophrenia
- BLACK BOX do not use in GI/GU obstructions, narrow angle glaucoma
- AE- anticholinergic sx
10
Q
Loratadine
A
- 2nd gen antihistamine- block histamine release from mast cells
- useful for seasonal allergic rhinitis- inverse agonists- stabalize inactive H1 receptor confirmation
- P450 INHIBITORS
- AE- very little dry mouth or drowsiness
11
Q
Cetirizine
A
- 2nd gen antihistamine- block histamine release from mast cells
- useful for seasonal allergic rhinitis- inverse agonists- stabalize inactive H1 receptor confirmation
- P450 INHIBITORS
- AE- very little dry mouth or drowsiness
12
Q
Fexofenadine
A
- 2nd gen antihistamine- block histamine release from mast cells
- useful for seasonal allergic rhinitis- inverse agonists- stabalize inactive H1 receptor confirmation
- P450 INHIBITORS
- AE- very little dry mouth or drowsiness
13
Q
Epinephrine
A
- Decongestant- acetylcysteine- mucolytic
14
Q
Psuedoephedrine
A
- Mixed acting agonist of adrenergic receptors, potential for abuse to make crystal meth
- adrenergic agonist in nasal passages/ sinuses- vasoconstrict to decrease mucus, fullness
15
Q
Phenylephrine
A
- alpha selective agonist, less effectively absorbed, more frequent dosing needed
- adrenergic agonist in nasal passages/ sinuses- vasoconstrict to decrease mucus, fullness
- BLACK BOX exacerbation of angina, HF, pulm HTN, bradycardia, autonomic sydfxn, peripheral ischemia, KD tox
16
Q
Oxymetazoine
A
- topical decongestant
- nasal sprays, nosebleeds, visine eye drops for red eyes
17
Q
Phenylephrine
A
- topical decongestant
- nasal sprays, nosebleeds, visine eye drops for red
18
Q
Alputerol
A
- selective short acting beta agonist
- highly selective for B2
- Brochospasm, COPD
- BLACK BOX paradoxical bronchospasm, prolonged QT, deterioration of asthma
- AE- tremor, nervousness, insomnia
19
Q
Fluticasone
A
- Nasal spray/ inhaled steroid
- Increase transcription of genes for B2 receptor and anti-inflammatory proteins
- decrease transcription of genes for pro-inflammatory proteins
- decrease damage to airway epithelium and reduce vascular permeability
_ Suppressive not curative and must be used chronically
20
Q
Mometasone
A
- Nasal spray/ inhaled steroid
- Increase transcription of genes for B2 receptor and anti-inflammatory proteins
- decrease transcription of genes for pro-inflammatory proteins
- decrease damage to airway epithelium and reduce vascular permeability
_ Suppressive not curative and must be used chronically
21
Q
Beclomethasone
A
- Nasal spray/ inhaled steroid
- Increase transcription of genes for B2 receptor and anti-inflammatory proteins
- decrease transcription of genes for pro-inflammatory proteins
- decrease damage to airway epithelium and reduce vascular permeability
_ Suppressive not curative and must be used chronically
22
Q
Bedesonide
A
- Nasal spray/ inhaled steroid
- Increase transcription of genes for B2 receptor and anti-inflammatory proteins
- decrease transcription of genes for pro-inflammatory proteins
- decrease damage to airway epithelium and reduce vascular permeability
_ Suppressive not curative and must be used chronically - SAFEST in PREGNANCY
23
Q
Salmeterol
A
- long acting beta 2 agonist
- Must be used in conjuction with steroid to reduce inflammation and risk of asthma exacerbation
- AE- prolongs QT
- BLACK BOX LABAs increase risk of asthma related death- use only in severe disease
24
Q
Tiotropium bromide
A
- Anticholinergic M3 blockers
- antagonize Ach at m3 muscarinic lung receptors- mediates sm muscle contraction and mucus secretion
- Atropine derivative
- Chronic broncospasm, COPD, emphysema
- SE- anticholinergic sx
- CI- acute bronchospasm
25
Ipratropium bromide
- Anticholinergic M3 blockers
- antagonize Ach at m3 muscarinic lung receptors- mediates sm muscle contraction and mucus secretion
- Atropine derivative
- Chronic broncospasm, COPD, emphysema
- SE- anticholinergic sx
- CI- acute bronchospasm
26
Montelukast
- Leukotriene blocker- prophylaxis/ chonic asthma
- reduce attack frequency, allergic rhinitis
- CI- acute asthma
- AE- HA, flu sx, abd pain
27
Cromolyn sodium
- Mast cell stabilizer
| - Prevent asthma attacks
