Immune Flashcards
(46 cards)
1
Q
Penicillin VK
A
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor- inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis, B- lactam abx= largest and most widely used class of cell wall syn inhibitor
- narrow spectrum- GRAM POS- areobic/anerobic
- broken down by B- Lactamases
- SE- hypersensitivity rxns, anaphylaxis, sz, rash, nephritis
2
Q
Ampicillin
A
- Broad spectrum- man made
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor- inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis, B- lactam abx= largest and most widely used class of cell wall syn inhibitor
- ammino penicillin- pos charge enhances diffusion
- GRAM POS and NEG
3
Q
Amoxicillin
A
- Broad spectrum- man made
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor- inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis, B- lactam abx= largest and most widely used class of cell wall syn inhibitor
- ammino penicillin- pos charge enhances diffusion
- GRAM POS and NEG
4
Q
Amoxicillin/ Clavulante
A
- Broad spectrum- man made
- Cell wall synthesis inhibitor- inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis, B- lactam abx= largest and most widely used class of cell wall syn inhibitor
- ammino penicillin- pos charge enhances diffusion
- GRAM POS and NEG
5
Q
Cephalexin
A
- Cephalosporin- cross reactivity with PCNs
- 1st gen- gram neg and pos
- UTI pneumonia, skin/soft tissue infection
- AE- N/V/D, rash, colitis, decrease in WBC/PLT, hepatotoxicity
6
Q
Cefuroxime
A
- Cephalosporin- cross reactivity with PCNs
- 2nd gen
- URI, H flu
- AE- KD/LV dysfxn, GI
7
Q
Ceftriaxone
A
- Cephalosporin- cross reactivity with PCNs
- 3rd gen
- URI, Gonorrhea
- AE- GI, Disulfuram RX with alcohol
8
Q
Cefdinir
A
- Cephalosporin- cross reactivity with PCNs
- 3rd gen
- Resistant to many B lactams, e coli, protens, klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, neisseria, h flu
- less active against G pos
- AE- GI, cholestatic hepatitis, Disulfuram rxn with alcohol
9
Q
Vancomycin
A
- Glycopeptide- blocks glycopeptide polymerization in cell wall
- Mostly IV- oral version not effective for systemic infx
- BLACK BOX- fetal toxicity with IV admin
10
Q
Doxycycline
A
- Protein synthesis inhibitor- tetraclycline
- Pregancy D
- Safer in KD dz
- Bacteriostatic
- Acne, PID, syph, malria, lyme
- CI- under 8 yo
- AE- tooth/bone abnormalities, prolong QT, photosensitivity
11
Q
Minocycline
A
- Protein synthesis inhibitor- tetraclycline
- Pregancy D
- Bacteriostatic
- Acne, PID, syph, malria, lyme
- CI- under 8 yo
- AE- tooth/bone abnormalities, prolong QT, photosensitivity
12
Q
Azithromycin
A
- Macrolide- baceriostatic
- Pulm infx, legionnaires, pneumonia, travelers diarrhea
- AE- prolong QT, increase GI motility, N/V/D, acute cholestatic hepatitis
- CYP450 inhibitor
13
Q
Erythromycin
A
- Macrolide- baceriostatic
- Pulm infx, legionnaires, pneumonia, travelers diarrhea
- AE- prolong QT, increase GI motility, N/V/D, acute cholestatic hepatitis
- CYP450 inhibitor
14
Q
Clarithromycin
A
- Macrolide- baceriostatic
- Pulm infx, legionnaires, pneumonia, travelers diarrhea
- AE- prolong QT, increase GI motility, N/V/D, acute cholestatic hepatitis
- CYP450 inhibitor
15
Q
Clindamycin
A
- Lincosimide- block peptide bond formation
- topical- acne, roseacea, BV
- oral- serious anaeorbic infxn due to bacteroides, osteomyleitis, PID, sinusitis, strep, otitis media
- BROAD spec
- AE- c- diff, pseudomembranous colotis, increase in LFT, jaundice, rash
16
Q
Gentamicin
A
- Aminoglycoside
- topical for eye infection/ corneal ulcer
- oral for serious infections many of the same organisms as cefdinir
- BLACK BOX- nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
17
Q
Ciprofloxacin
A
- DNA synthesis inhibitor- Flouroquinolones- inhibit isomeraces to stabilize incomplete DNA
- Bactericidal at therapeutic dose
- GI/GU/Resp infx cause by Gram NEG
- AE- cartiage damage, tendon rupture, prolong QT, peripheral nephropathy
18
Q
Levofloxacin
A
- DNA synthesis inhibitor- Flouroquinolones- inhibit isomeraces to stabilize incomplete DNA
- Bactericidal at therapeutic dose
- GI/GU/Resp infx cause by Gram NEG
- AE- cartiage damage, tendon rupture, prolong QT, peripheral nephropathy
19
Q
Mupirocin
A
- RNA synthesis inhibitor- reversibly binds
- staff, strep
- topical for MRSA, imetigo
- caution with open wounds
20
Q
Rifaximin
A
- RNA synthesis inhibitor- monoxycarbolic acid agent- binds bacterial DNA- Dependent RNA polymerase
- IBS-D, hepatic encephalopathy, Travelers D
21
Q
Nitrofurantoin
A
- Everything inhibitor- disrupts DNA, ribosomal proteins, cell respiration, pyruvate metabolism
- cystitis/UTI, ecoli
- CI- late pregnancy
22
Q
Sulfamethazole
A
- PABA analogue/ Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor- blocks folate syn
- travelers D, UTI, OM, shigella
- CI- infants, pregnant women at term, lactation
- AE- SJS, sulfa allergies
23
Q
Sulfamethazole/ Trimethoprim
A
- PABA analogue/ Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor- blocks folate syn
- greater coverage for UTI, LRI, URI, bacteriostatic
24
Q
Trimethoprim
A
- PABA analogue/ Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor- blocks folate syn
- folate analogue, inhibits dihydrofolate reduction in bacteria
- AE- SJS, leukopenia, megaloblastic anemia
25
Bacitracin
- Triple antibiotic
- topical for derm/ eye infx
- oral for C diff.
- AE- Kd, neuro, bone marrow tox
26
Neomycin
- Triple antibiotic
- aminoglycoside
- ototoxicity
27
Polymyxin B
- Triple antibiotic
| - cell wall permeability
28
Isoniazid
- Anti- TB
| - AE- severe hepatitis, peripheral neurop
29
Rifampin
- Anti- TB
- AE- LV dysfunction
- TB, leprosy- old school dz
30
Fluconazole
- Anti-fungal- Triazole- membrane disruptors
| - CYP 450 inhibition
31
Ketoconazole
- Anti-fungal- Triazole- membrane disruptors
- Drug of choice with systemic candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis
- most widely used azole
32
Nystatin
- Anti fungal- polyene- membrane disruptor
- Used in all the orafices
- Preg cat C
33
Terbafine
- Anti- fungal- lots of tinea treatment
- AE- hepatotoxicity, SJS, lupus
- Preg B
34
Acyclovir
- Anti viral- herpes family
35
Valacyclovir
- Anti viral- herpes family
36
Zidovdine
- Anti HIV
37
Amantadine
- Anti flu
| - exacerbates mental d/o
38
Oseltamivir
- Anti flu- tamiflu
| - reduces viral penetration into cells
39
Entcavir
- Anti hepatitis
- HEP B
- AE- renal tox
- BLACK BOX severe acute exacerbation of hepatitis, nephrotoxicity, HIV resistance, lactic acidosis, severe hepatomegally
40
Interferon alpha 2
- Anti hepatitis
| - HEP B/C
41
Hydroxychloroquine
- Anti malarial
42
Metronidazole
- Anti protozoal
43
Mebendazole
- Anti Helminthic
44
Albendazole
- Anti Helminthic
45
Permethrin
- Anti Helminthic
- mites/scabies
- CI- ragweed allergies
46
Ivermectin
- Antiparasitic
- oral- roundworm
- topical headlice
- BLACK BOX rash, fever, malaise, LA, increase in eosinophils HR and decrease in BP, edema
