Flashcards in Gastrointestinal Infections Part II Deck (29):
1
What virus causes the most severe diarrheal illnesses requiring hospitalization of infants and young children?
Rotavirus
2
What do rotaviruses cause?
Inadequate capacity to absorb fluid
Inadequate secretion of digestive enzymes
3
Are rotaviruses enveloped?
No they wouldn't survive the bile
4
How can rotavirus be diagnosed?
Viral RNA and Ag can be detected in feces
5
What do Norwalk viruses include?
EBV
Influenza
Rotavirus
Rhinovirus
Measles
6
What is more infectious: vomiting or diarrhea?
Vomiting
7
Astrovirdiae are similar to what?
Calciviridae
Picornaviridae
8
What can entamoeba histolytica cause?
Ulcers due to pore-forming cytotoxins
Liver and lung abscesses
9
Where does entamoeba histolytica infect?
Cecum
Rectosigmoid regions
10
What does entamoeba histolytica form?
Cysts
11
Treatment of amoebiasis?
Metronidazole
Tinidazole
12
Amoebiasis diagnosis?
Microscopic examination of stool for cysts
13
Giardia intestinalis produces what?
Foul smelling stool with excessive gas
14
What are nematodes?
Roundworms
15
What do ascaris worms do?
Move around the body
16
What can ascaris cause?
Urticaria (hives) and eosinophilia (increased eosinophils): Loeffler's syndrome
17
When can strongyloidiasis be fatal?
When it disseminates in immunosuppressed patients causing spongyloidiasis
18
What are cestodes?
Tapeworms
19
What are cysticercus?
A tapeworm larva
20
Where are Taenia saginata cysticercus found?
In beef
21
What do damaged hepatocytes spill?
Aminotransferases (ALT, AST)
22
What is important in diagnosing viral infections?
Serology
23
Hepatitis A is a member of what family?
Picornaviridae with positive sense ssRNA
24
What is the diagnosis of Hepatitis A?
Anti-HAV IgM
25
Why is anti-HAV IgM more diagnostic than IgG?
IgM is only elevated during times of infection so if it is elevated then there was a recent infection or ongoing infection
26
What family does Hepatitis E belong to?
Hepeviridae
27
Diagnosis for Hepatitis E?
Antibodies or RNA
28
Hepatitis B is the member of what family?
Hepadnaviridae
29