Gen Path Exam 3 - Lab Tests for Anemia

Question 1

Basic screening test and is one of the most frequently ordered laboratory procedures

Answer 1

CBC

Question 2

The findings in the this test give valuable diagnostic information about the hematologic and other body systems, prognosis, response to treatment, and recovery

Answer 2

CBC

Question 3

Consists of a series of blood cell tests that determine their:
* number
* variety
* percentage
* concentrations
* quality

Answer 3

CBC

Question 4

3 main components of the CBC w/ differential

Answer 4

RBC count + indices
WBC count + differential
Platelet count

Question 5

What can the normal values for a CBC be affected by?

Answer 5

Age
Sex
Race

Question 6

Which cells are the largest cellular component of blood?

Answer 6

RBCs

Question 7

Which red, iron-based protein is found in RBCs?

Answer 7

Hemoglobin

Question 8

What does hemoglobin bind and transport?

Answer 8

O2
CO2

Question 9

What does hemoglobin contain?

Answer 9

4 molecules of heme
4 molecules of globin

Question 10

What does each molecule of heme contain?

Answer 10

1 iron ion

Question 11

What does each molecule of globin contain?

Answer 11

2 alpha chains
2 beta chains

Question 12

What is the normal shape of a RBC?

Answer 12

Biconcave disc

Question 13

What does the biconcave shape of a RBC allow the RBC to do?

Answer 13

Increased SA for O2 and CO2 transfer
Bend/flex when entering small capillaries

Question 14

What do mature RBCs lack?

Answer 14

Nucleus + most organelles

Question 15

How long do RBCs live?

Answer 15

120 days

Question 16

What organ removes RBCs?

Answer 16

Spleen

Question 17

What do these conditions result in?

Polycythemia
Hemoconcentration (dehydration)

Answer 17

Increased RBC count
Increased hematocrit
Increased hemoglobin

Question 18

What do these conditions result in?

Anemia
Bone marrow suppression/disease

Answer 18

Decreased RBC count
Decreased hematocrit
Decreased hemoglobin

Question 19

What do these conditions result in?

Chronic or acute blood loss
Fluid overload

Answer 19

Decreased RBC count

Question 20

Volume percentage of RBCs in whole blood

Answer 20

Hematocrit

Question 21

Also known as packed cell volume or erythrocyte volume fraction

Answer 21

Hematocrit

Question 22

RBC count x mean corpuscular cell volume (MCV) = ?

Answer 22

Hematocrit

Question 23

What do these conditions result in?

Extreme physical exercise

Answer 23

Increased hematocrit
Increased hemoglobin

Question 24

What do these conditions result in?

Hemodilution
Acute hemorrhage

Answer 24

Decreased hematocrit
Decreased hemoglobin

Question 25

Amount of hemoglobin in a given volume of whole blood

Answer 25

Hemoglobin, total/whole blood

Question 26

What do these conditions result in? Hyperlipidemia

Answer 26

Increased hemoglobin

Question 27

A hematocrit of < 20% leads to what?

Answer 27

Heat failure and death

Question 28

A hematocrit of > 60% is associated with what?

Answer 28

Spontaneous clotting of blood

Question 29

A hemoglobin value < 5.0 leads to what?

Answer 29

Heart failure and death

Question 30

A hemoglobin value > 20 leads to what?

Answer 30

Hemoconcentration Clogging of capillaries

Question 31

Average volume of RBCs

Answer 31

Mean corpuscular cell volume (MCV)

Question 32

What do these conditions result in? Liver disease Alcohol abuse HIV/AIDS Hemochromatosis Megaloblastic anemias (folate, vitamin B 12 deficiencies) Myelodysplasia Reticulocytosis Chemotherapy Post-splenectomy Hypothyroidism Newborns Drugs (e.g., methotrexate, phenytoin, zidovudine)

Answer 32

Increased MCV

Question 33

What do these conditions result in? Hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 33

Decreased MCV Increased MCHC

Question 34

What do these conditions result in? Iron deficiency Thalassemia Sideroblastic anemia Lead poisoning Anemias of chronic disease

Answer 34

Decreased MCV Decreased MCH Decreased MCHC

Question 35

Average amount of Hgb per RBC in absolute units

Answer 35

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)

Question 36

(Hgb/RBC count) x 10 = ?

Answer 36

MCH

Question 37

What do these conditions result in? Macrocytosis Hemochromatosis

Answer 37

Increased MCV Increased MCH

Question 38

What can indicate if RBCs have a normal mean volume?

Answer 38

MCV

Question 39

MCV cannot indicate what?

Answer 39

If RBCs have a normal shape

Question 40

Characteristics related to RBC size

Answer 40

Normocyte Microcyte Macrocyte Anisocytosis

Question 41

Characteristics related to RBC color

Answer 41

Normochromia Hypochromia Hyperchromia Polychromia

Question 42

Acanthocyte

Answer 42

Spur shaped cell

Question 43

Codocyte/leptocyte

Answer 43

Target shaped cell

Question 44

Dacryocyte

Answer 44

Teardrop shaped cell

Question 45

Degmacyte

Answer 45

Bite shaped cell

Question 46

Drepanocyte

Answer 46

Sickle shaped cell

Question 47

Echinocyte

Answer 47

Burr shaped cell

Question 48

Elliptocyte

Answer 48

Ovalocyte shaped cell

Question 49

Knizocyte

Answer 49

Pinch bottle shaped cell

Question 50

Prekeratocyte

Answer 50

Blister shaped cell

Question 51

Schizocyte

Answer 51

Helmet shaped cell

Question 52

Average Hgb concentration in RBCs

Answer 52

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

Question 53

(Hgb/hematocrit) x 100 = ?

Answer 53

MCHC

Question 54

What do these conditions result in? Immune hemolysis

Answer 54

Increased MCHC

Question 55

Falsely increased in cellular dehydration syndromes and hyperlipidemia

Answer 55

MCHC

Question 56

Falsely decreased with markedly high WBC count

Answer 56

MCHC

Question 57

RBCs with normal size or volume

Answer 57

Normocytic

Question 58

RBCs with high MCV

Answer 58

Macrocytic

Question 59

RBCs with low MCV

Answer 59

Microcytic

Question 60

RBCs with normal amount of Hgb and MCHC

Answer 60

Normochromic

Question 61

RBCs with low MCHC

Answer 61

Hypochromic

Question 62

RBCs with high MCHC

Answer 62

Hyperchromic

Question 63

Measure the variation of RBC volume

Answer 63

Red cell distribution width (RDW)

Question 64

(Standard deviation of MCV/mean MCV) x 100 = ?

Answer 64

RDW

Question 65

Abnormally high RDW

Answer 65

Anisocytosis

Question 66

What do these conditions result in? Certain types of anemia (iron deficiency, pernicious anemia, folic acid deficiency) Sickle cell disease Leukemia

Answer 66

RDW

Question 67

Immature RBCs that have cytoplasmic RNA

Answer 67

Reticulocytes

Question 68

Indication of how rapidly reticulocytes are produced by the bone marrow and then released into the bloodstream

Answer 68

Reticulocyte count

Question 69

Reflects the erythropoietic activity of the bone marrow and is thus useful in both the diagnosis of anemias and in monitoring bone marrow response to therapy

Answer 69

Reticulocyte count

Question 70

Expressed as the % of reticulocytes per total number of RBCs counted

Answer 70

Reticulocyte count

Question 71

Increased reticulocytes

Answer 71

Reticulocytosis

Question 72

What do these conditions result in? Hemolytic anemia Acute blood loss

Answer 72

Increased reticulocytes

Question 73

Decreased reticulocytes

Answer 73

Reticulopenia

Question 74

What do these conditions result in? Certain types of anemia Renal disease Bone marrow suppression or infiltration Myelodysplastic syndrome

Answer 74

Decreased reticulocytes