General Anatomy Flashcards
(112 cards)
1
Q
Strongest lig. in the ankle
A
Deltoid (med. malleolus –> tarsus)
2
Q
Most commonly injured lig. in the ankle?
A
Lat. lig. (Lat. malleolus –> tarsus)
3
Q
Lig. that maintains the longitudinal arch?
A
Spring AKA Plantar Calcaneonavicular
4
Q
The Unhappy Triad is damage to what structures?
A
Med. meniscus
ACL
MCL
5
Q
What structures make up the portal triad?
A
Hepatic Artery
Hepatic portal vein
Common bile duct
6
Q
What connects the ciliary body w/ the crystalline lens of the eye?
A
Zonule of Zinn
7
Q
How many bones are in the appendicular skeleton? Axial skeleton?
A
126; 80 (206 total)
8
Q
What nerve controls extension of the thumb? Adduction? Flexion?
A
Ext = Radial Add = Ulnar Flex = Median
9
Q
M/C fx carpal?
A
Scaphoid
10
Q
M/C fx subluxated carpal?
A
Lunate
11
Q
What spinal level is the root of the scapular spine located?
A
T3
12
Q
If you fx the surgical neck of the humerus, what nerve could you damage?
A
Axillary nerve
13
Q
What nerve could you damage if you fx the shaft of the humerus?
A
Radial nerve
14
Q
Lister’s tubercle is a locator for which carpal?
A
Lunate
15
Q
How many carpals are there?
A
8
16
Q
What are the borders of the anatomical snuff box?
A
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis longus
Scaphoid = floor
17
Q
What nerve passes through the tunnel of Guyon?
A
Ulnar
18
Q
What nerve passes through the tarsal tunnel?
A
Medial Plantar Nerve (branch off tibial)
19
Q
What arteries branch off the Celiac artery (trunk)?
A
L gastric
Splenic
Common hepatic
20
Q
What arteries branch off the inferior mesenteric artery?
A
L colic
Sigmoid
Sup. rectal
21
Q
What nerve passes through the lesser sciatic notch?
A
Pudendal nerve
22
Q
What bears the weight of the body when seated?
A
Ischial Tuberosity
23
Q
Where do the ilium, ischium, & pubis meet?
A
Acetabulum
24
Q
What nerve passes by the head of the fibula?
A
Common peroneal nerve
25
Which chamber of the heart makes up most of the ant. surface of the heart?
R Ventricle
26
Which chamber of the heart makes up most of the pos. surface of the heart?
L Atrium
27
What intercostal space is the apex of the heart located?
5th L intercostal space
28
What are the branches off the arch of the aorta?
Brachiocephalic
L Common Carotid
L Subclavian
29
What arteries come off the brachiocephalic?
R Common carotid
| R Subclavian
30
What are the branches off the External Carotid?
```
Sup. Thyroid (Save)
Ascending pharyngeal (A)
Lingual (Lady)
Facial (Falling)
Occipital (Out of a)
Pos. auricular (Plane
Superficial temporal (Super)
Maxillary (Man)
```
31
What are the boundaries of the sup. mediastinum?
1st rib
sternal angle
T4-T5 disc
32
What % of saliva comes from the submandibular gland? parotid gland?
60-70%; 20-30%
33
Type of cells in the stomach that secrete HCL & IF?
Parietal AKA oxyntic
34
Type of cells in the stomach that secrete pepsinogen?
Chief AKA zymogenic
35
Hormone that stimulates hunger?
Ghrelin
36
How long is the duodenum? Jejunum? Ileum?
~10 in.; ~8 ft; ~12 ft
37
What is are the folds in the small intestine called?
Plicae Circulare
38
Epithelial cells in the sm. intestine make what hormone?
CCK (Cholecystokinin)
39
What is responsible for expansion of the rectum & anus?
Columns of Morgagni
40
Largest gland in the entire body?
Liver
41
The L lobe of the liver is divided into what two lobes?
Caudate
| Quadrate
42
What causes the gallbladder to secrete bile?
Stimulation from CCK
43
What makes the common bile duct?
R & L Hepatic duct
| Cystic duct
44
What are the 4 sinuses?
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Maxillary
45
What marks the division of the trachea into primary bronchi?
Carina
46
Type of epithelial tissue that allows for gas exchange. Located in the alveoli & capillaries
Simple squamous
47
Type of epithelial tissue that provides protection. Located in digestive tract, skin, etc.
Stratified squamous
48
Type of epithelial tissue in small ducts & tubes for secretion & absorption; salivary glands, kidney tubules, pancreatic ducts
Cuboidal
49
Type of epithelial tissue that absorbs & secretes mucous & enzymes in the GI Tract
Simple Columnar
50
Type of epithelial tissue that absorbs & secretes mucous & enzymes but also "beats" to push along particles. Located in small bronchi & uterine tubes
Ciliated columnar
51
Type of epithelial tissue that primarily secretes mucous & is ciliated to push mucous that is located in the respiratory tract
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar
52
Type of epithelial tissue that specializes in distention. Located in the bladder, part of urethra & uterus
Transitional
53
What part of the kidney are the renal pyramids located?
Medulla
54
What is the pH of semen?
7.2
55
What cells make testosterone in a male?
Interstitial cells of Leydig
56
What hormone controls spermatogenesis?
FSH
57
What lig. anchors the ovaries medially to the uterus?
ovarian lig.
58
What lig. anchors the ovaries laterally to the pelvic wall?
Suspensory lig.
59
What lig. (strongest) supports the uterine tubes, uterus, & vagina?
Broad lig.
60
What is responsible for secreting estrogen in the 1st 1/2 of a woman's monthly cycle?
Corpus Luteum
61
What hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum in the 2nd 1/2 of a woman's cycle?
Progesterone
62
What hormone predominates in pregnancy?
Progesterone
63
What hormone causes ovulation?
LH
64
What hormone maintains the corpus luteum?
HCG
65
What are the borders of the carotid triangle?
```
Ant.= Sup. belly omohyoid
Pos. = SCM
Sup = Pos. belly digastric
```
66
What are the boundaries of the submandibular triangle?
```
Ant = Ant. belly digastric
Pos = Pos. belly digastric
Sup = Lower border of mandible
```
67
What are the borders of the triangle of auscultation?
```
Sup = Trapezius
Inf = Lat. dorsi
Lat = Scapula
Floor = Rhomboid major
```
68
What are the contents of the quadrangular space?
Pos. circumflex humeral art.
| Axillary nerve
69
What are the borders of the quadrangular space?
```
Sup = Teres Minor
Inf = Teres Major
Med = Long head of triceps
Lat = Humerus
```
70
What are the contents of the triangular space AKA Axillary triangle?
Circumflex scapular art.
71
What are the borders of the triangular space AKA axillary triangle?
```
Sup = Teres minor
Inf = Teres major
Lat = Long head of triceps
```
72
This is used clinically as a point of tenderness in appendicitis?
McBurney's point
73
What is located in the carpel tunnel?
Median nerve
| Tendons of flexors of digits
74
What are the contents of the femoral triangle?
Femoral nerve & art.
Lat. femoral cutaneous nerve
Femoral canal
75
What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?
```
Sup = Inguinal lig.
Med = Adductor longus
Lat = Sartorious
```
76
This is the location of direct inguinal hernias
Hesselbach's triangle
77
What are the boundaries of Hesselbach's Triangle?
```
Lat = Inf. epigastric art.
Med = Rectus abdominis
Inf = Inguinal lig.
```
78
What is the largest endocrine gland?
Thyroid
79
What produces melatonin?
Pineal gland
80
What vessel does the subclavian drain into?
Axillary
81
What 3 veins drain into the axillary?
Basilic
Brachial
Cephalic
82
What major vein drains into the femoral?
Great Saphenous
83
What does the small saphenous drain into?
Popliteal
84
What is the longest muscle in the body?
Sartorius
85
What is the shortest muscle in the body?
Stapedius
86
What's the name of a bone growing inside of a suture?
wormian bone
87
What is the nerve/blood supply of the ant. compartment of the thigh?
Femoral/Femoral
88
What is the nerve/blood supply of the med. compartment of the thigh?
```
Obturator nerve (Femoral & Obturator for pectineus)
Obturator artery
```
89
What is the nerve/blood supply of the pos. compartment of the thigh?
Tibial nerve/Deep femoral art.
90
What is the nerve/blood supply of the lat. compartment of the thigh?
Sup. gluteal (TFL, Glut med, min)
Inf. gluteal (Glut max)/
Inf. gluteal art.
91
What is the nerve/blood supply of the ant. compartment of the leg?
Deep peroneal AKA Ant. tibial nerve/Ant. tibial art.
92
What is the nerve/blood supply of the pos. compartment of the leg?
Tibial nerve/Pos. tibial art
93
What is the nerve/blood supply of the lat. compartment of the leg?
Superficial peroneal AKA Fibular nerve/Ant. tibial, peroneal arts.
94
Largest & fewest taste buds. Located ant. to the sulcus terminalis
Circumvallate
95
Smallest & most numerous taste buds. Not involved w/ taste.
Filiform
96
Taste buds that are located on the side of the tongue
Foliate
97
What are the contents of the carotid triangle?
Carotid arts.
Internal jugular v.
Vagus
98
What are the contents of the submandibular AKA digastric triangle?
Salivary glands
Hypoglossal N.
Myohyoid N.
99
What are the contents of the muscular AKA inf. carotid triangle?
Larynx
Trachea
Thyroid
100
What are the contents of the suprahyoid AKA submental triangle?
Salivary glands & ducts
101
What are the contents of the occipital triangle?
Cervical plexus
| Accessory nerve
102
What are the contents of the subclavian AKA supraclavicular AKA omoclavicular triangle?
```
Brachial Plexus
Subclavian art.
Transverse cervical art.
Suprascapular a.
Terminal part of external jugular v.
```
103
What are the 3 unpaired laryngeal cartilages?
Cricoid
Epiglottis
Thyroid
104
What are the 3 paired laryngeal cartilages?
Arytenoids
Corniculates
Cuneiforms
105
What is responsible for voice production in the larnyx?
Glottis
106
What is the opening b/w the greater & lesser peritoneal sacs called?
Epiploic foramen AKA Foramen of Winslow
107
M/C artery for an MI?
Ant. interventricular art. of L coronary AKA L ant. descending art. AKA "widowmaker"
108
Parotid gland is AKA?
Stenson's duct
109
Submandibular gland is AKA?
Wharton's duct
110
Sublingual gland is AKA?
Bartholin's duct
111
Main pancreatic duct is AKA?
Wirsungs' duct
112
Accessory pancreatic duct is AKA?
Santorini duct
