General Organization of a Vertebrae

Question 1

What are the three basic osseous parts of a vertebrae

Answer 1

the vertebral body, vertebral arch, and the apophyseal regions

Question 2

What is the general shape of the vertebral body at each region of the spine

Answer 2

cervical-rectangular
thoracic-triangular
lumbar reniform

Question 3

What is the name given to the compact bone at the superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral body

Answer 3

superior/inferior epiphyseal rim

Question 4

What is the name given to the cartilage found at the superior and inferior surface of a developing vertebral body

Answer 4

Superior and inferior epiphyseal plate

Question 5

What are the names of the opening found around the margins of the vertebral body

Answer 5

nutrient foramina or vascular foramina

Question 6

What large opening is usually observed at the back of the vertebral body

Answer 6

the basivertebral venous foramen

Question 7

What is the name given to the anterior part of the vertebral arch

Answer 7

the pedicle

Question 8

What is the name given to the feature located at the upper and lower surface of the pedicle

Answer 8

the superior/inferior vertebral notch/incisor

Question 9

What is the generic orientation of the pedicle at each region of the spine

Answer 9

cervical-posterolateral
thoracic-posterior and slight lateral
lumbar-posterior

Question 10

All lamina are oriented in what direction

Answer 10

posterior and median

Question 11

What ligament will attach to the lamina

Answer 11

ligamentum flavum

Question 12

What is the name given to abnormal bone at the attachment site of the ligamentum flavum

Answer 12

para articular processes

Question 13

What classification of bone will para-articular processes represent

Answer 13

accessory bone

Question 14

What is the name given to the overlap of lamina as seen on x-ray

Answer 14

shingling

Question 15

What is the name given to the lamina-pedicle junction at each region of the spine

Answer 15

cervical- articular pillars

thoracic & lumbar- pars interarticularis

Question 16

What is the name given to the junction of the vertebral arch- spinous process on lateral X-ray

Answer 16

the spinolaminar junction

Question 17

What is the name given to the tubular bone growth regions of the vertebral arch

Answer 17

the apophyseal regions

Question 18

What names may be given to each apophysis of the spine

Answer 18

the transverse apophysis or transverse process
articular apophysis or articular process
spinous apophysis or spinous process

Question 19

What is the generic orientation of the transverse process or transverse apophysis at each region of the spine

Answer 19

cervical-anterior lateral
thoracic- posteriorlateral
lumbar-lateral

Question 20

All non-rib-bearing vertebrae of the spine retain what equivalent feature

Answer 20

the costal element

Question 21

What is the name given to the rounded elevation at the end of the transverse apophysis or transverse process

Answer 21

the transverse tubercle

Question 22

What will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the cervical region

Answer 22

cervical spinal nerves are pulled forward to form the cervical and brachial nerve plexuses thus remodeling the transverse process to accommodate their new position

Question 23

What will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the thoracic region

Answer 23

the growth of the lungs remodel the shape of the ribs which in turn push the transverse process backward

Question 24

What will the articular process/articular apophysis support

Answer 24

the articular facet

Question 25

What is the name given to the joint formed between articular facets of a vertebral couple

Answer 25

The zigapophysis

Question 26

What is the name given to the bone surface at the front of a zygapophysis

Answer 26

the superior articular facet

Question 27

What is the name given to the one surface at the back of the zygapophysis

Answer 27

the inferior articular apophysis, the inferior articular process or the post zygapophysis

Question 28

What is the name given to the part of the vertebra forming the pre-zygapophysis

Answer 28

the superior articular process or superior articular apophysis

Question 29

What is the name given to the part of the vertebra forming the post zygapophysis

Answer 29

the inferior articular process or inferior articular apophysis

Question 30

What will form the posterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen

Answer 30

the inferior articular process/post-zygapophysis, the superior articular process/ pre-zygapophysis, the capsular ligament, and the ligamentum flavum

Question 31

What will form the superior boundary of a typical vertebral foramen

Answer 31

the inferior vertebral notch/incisure

Question 32

What will form the inferior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen

Answer 32

the superior vertebral notch/incisure

Question 33

What will form the anterior boundary ofa typical intervertebral foramne

Answer 33

the vertebral body of the segment above and below, the intervertebral disc, and the Posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 34

What is the method of calculating the angle of the spinous process/apophysis

Answer 34

calculate the angle formed between the undersurface of the spinous process/apophysis and the horizontal plane

Question 35

What is the name given to the normal overlap of spinous process/apophyses as seen on x-ray

Answer 35

imbrication

Question 36

What is the name given to the rounded elevation at the tip of the spinous process/apophysis

Answer 36

spinous tubercle

Question 37

What is the orientation of the spinous process/apophysis at each regioun of the spine

Answer 37

cervical-slight angle inferiorly thoracic -noticeable angle inferiorly lumbar-no inferior angle