Genomics and Proteomics

Question 1

which genomics has organization and sequence of genetic information contained within a genome

Answer 1

structural genomics

Question 2

which gives you the approximate locations of genes based on the rates of recombination

Answer 2

genetic maps

Question 3

limitations to genetic maps

Answer 3

low resolution oir detail
do not correspond to physical distance between genes

Question 4

which map is based on the direct analysis of DNA, places genes in relation to distances measured in bp,kbp,mbp

Answer 4

Physical map

Question 5

which is more accurate and ha a higher resolution genetic map or physical map

Answer 5

physical map

Question 6

physical map or genetic map are often used to order cloned DNA fragments

Answer 6

Physical maps

Question 7

what is the name of the first living organism to be sequences

Answer 7

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 8

why does map-based approaches to the whole genome sequencing rely on genetic than physical maps

Answer 8

because of details to align sequenced fragments

Question 9

whole-genome shotgun sequencing uses

Answer 9

sequence overlap to align sequenced fragments

Question 10

a site in the genome where individual members of a species differ in a single base pair is called

Answer 10

single nucleotide polymorphisms

Question 11

which specific set of SNPs and other genetic variants observed on a chromosome

Answer 11

haplotype

Question 12

what are essential to genome-wide association studies

Answer 12

single nucleotide polymorphisms

Question 13

variation in a single base constitutes of

Answer 13

each SNP

Question 14

Each haplotype is made up of ________________ at each SNP

Answer 14

particular set of alleles

Question 15

The number of copies of DNA sequences
varies among people is called

Answer 15

Copy-number variations (CNV)

Question 16

Markers associated with DNA sequences that
are expressed as RNA are called

Answer 16

Expressed-sequence tags (ESTs)

Question 17

Molecular biology + computer science is called

Answer 17

bioinformatics

Question 18

________sequencing genomes of entire
communities of organisms

Answer 18

Metagenomics

Question 19

_______the creation from scratch of
novel organisms

Answer 19

synthetic biology

Question 20

characterizes what the sequences do

Answer 20

Functional genomics

Question 21

all the RNA molecules
transcribed from a genome

Answer 21

Transcriptome

Question 22

all the proteins encoded by the
genome

Answer 22

Proteome

Question 23

Genes that are evolutionarily related are called

Answer 23

Homologous

Question 24

Homologous genes in different species that
evolved from the same gene in a common
ancestor

Answer 24

orthologs

Question 25

Homologous genes arising by duplication of a single gene in the same organism

Answer 25

paralogs

Question 26

using a known DNA fragment as a probe to find a complementary sequence

Answer 26

Nucleic acid hybridization

Question 27

encoding an easily observed product used to track the expression of a gene of interest

Answer 27

Reporter sequence

Question 28

what can be used to examine gene expression associated with disease progression

Answer 28

Microarrays

Question 29

can variation in gene expressions, detected by microarrays, be used to predict the recurrence of breast cancer

Answer 29

70 genes were identified whose expression patterns accurately predicted the recurrence of breast cancer within 5 years of treatment

Question 30

been used to compare the expression of miRNAs in cancerous cervical cells with that in normal cervical cells

Answer 30

Microarrays

Question 31

can be used to determine the expression of genes

Answer 31

RNA sequencing

Question 32

Genes affecting a particular characteristic or function can be identified

Answer 32

by a genome-wide mutagenesis screen

Question 33

Exchanging genetic information from closely related or distantly related species over evolutionary time is called

Answer 33

Horizontal gene transfer

Question 34

how do prokaryotic genomes evolve

Answer 34

genomic size and number of genes horizontal gene transfer function of gees

Question 35

how do eukaryotic genome evolve

Answer 35

– Genome size and number of genes – Segment duplications and multigene families – Noncoding DNA – Transposable elements – Protein diversity – Homologous genes – Collinearity between related genomes

Question 36

the preserved order of genes on chromosomes of related species which results from descent from a common ancestor.

Answer 36

Synteny

Question 37

the human genome has about howe mnay bp and protein coding genes

Answer 37

3.2 Mbp and 20,000 protein coding genes

Question 38

which is longer introns of genes in humans or in nematodes and fruit flies

Answer 38

introns in humans