Geophysics

Question 1

a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis

Answer 1

Geophysics

Question 2

Sub discipline of Geophysics

Answer 2

1. Global Geophysics
2. Exploration Geophysics
3. Geotechnical & Environmental Geophysics

Question 3

Sample of Global Geophysics

Answer 3

Structure of the Earth

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Samples of Exploration Geophysics

Answer 4

1. Petroleum Geophysics
2. Mining Geophysics
3. Groundwater Studies

Question 5

Samples of Geotechnical & Environmental Geophysics

Answer 5

1. Site investigations
2. Contaminant Studies
3. Archaeological Investigation

Question 6

geophysics that focus on structures that trap oil

Answer 6

Petroleum Geophysics

Question 7

geophysics that focus on detection of ore bodies

Answer 7

Mining Geophysics

Question 8

geophysics that focus on the depths, thickness

Answer 8

Groundwater studies

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geophysics that focus on mechanical properties and depth

Answer 9

site investigations

Question 10

geophysics that focus on detection and flow direction

Answer 10

Contaminant studies

Question 11

its objective is to locate or detect the presence of subsurface structures or bodies and determine their size, shape, depth, and physical properties

Answer 11

Geophysics

Question 12

detected when a survey encounters some geometric perturbation in the distribution of a particular physical property in the rocks

Answer 12

Geophysical Anomaly

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Arise due to lateral perturbations in rock density, magnetic ones are caused by lateral changes in rock magnetization, and seismic anomalies indicate variations in acoustic impedance

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Gravity Anomalies

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objective of the survey; due to the causative or target body

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Signal

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Anything else measured but which may not contain useful information

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Noise

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is of most concern in geophysical surveys

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S/N ratio

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utilizes natural fields of the earth

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Natural

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Involves generation a field using an artificial source

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Artificial

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Fluctuating Measurements (e.g. lightning strokes, magnetic storms, earthquakes, typhoons)

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Natural Disturbance

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Man made structures (e.g. powerlines, buried metal pipes, metallic objects on the ground)

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Artificial Disturbance

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Variable thickness of overburden, presence of non-economical minerals in the overburden or overlying layers

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Geological Noise

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Remedy for Natural Disturbance

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Discontinue Measurement

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Remedy for Artificial Distubance

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Stay away from source of noise

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Remedy for Geological Noise

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Mathematical Correction

Question 25

best applied to flat or gently undulating terrain

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Ground

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For large or heavily forested areas

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Airborne

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For offshore Investigations

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Marine

Question 28

Records one or more physical properties as a function of depth

Answer 28

Borehole