GI 1 - mouth->anus anatomy

Question 1

primary function of digestice system

Answer 1

moving nutrients from external environment into the bodies internal environment

Question 2

__% of health care costs related to GI system

Answer 2

10%

Question 3

name in order starting from the mouth to anus

Answer 3

mouth-> pharynx-> trachea -> esophagus -> stomach -> small intestine -> large intestine -> anus

Question 4

how long is the intestine

Answer 4

15ft alive
30ft dead

Question 5

GI tract

Answer 5

long tube with muscular walls lined by transporting and secretory epithelial

Question 6

accessory glandular organs

Answer 6

salivary galnds
liver
gallbladder
pancreas

Question 7

mastication

Answer 7

chewing and addition of saliva

Question 8

3 main salica glands

Answer 8

parotid
sublingual
submandibular

Question 9

top 1/3 of esophagus is _____ muscle the bottom 2/3 is ____ muscle and moves food via ____ waves

Answer 9

skeletal
smooth

moves food via peristaltic waves

Question 10

chyme

Answer 10

food + acid + enzymes

Question 11

3 parts of the stomach

Answer 11

fundus
body
antrum

Question 12

small intestine parts

Answer 12

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Question 13

large intestine (colon)

Answer 13

acsending colon
trnsverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon

Question 14

____ litres pass thru the large intesine per day

Answer 14

1.5 litres

Question 15

Gl layers

Answer 15

mucosa (inner layer)
submucosa
muscularis externa
serosa (abdomenal cavity)

Question 16

Rugae

Answer 16

gastric folds increase SA

Question 17

mucosa

Answer 17

epithelium (most variable)

-very tight junctions
-inculde epithilial transpoting cells
-short lifespan GI stem cells (17 billion replaced daily cancer prone)

Question 18

lamina propria

Answer 18

-subepithial tissue containg nerve fibers, small blood vessels and lymph vessles

Question 19

mscularis mucosae

Answer 19

-thin layer of smooth muscle that can alter the surface area avalible for absorbtion

Question 20

submucosa

Answer 20

middle distensible layer conating larger vessles

also submucosal plexus: one of themajor nerve networks in the enteric nervous system

Question 21

muscularis externa

Answer 21

2 or 3 laters of smooth muscle: circular decrease diameter, logitudinal shortens the tube. contains MYENTERIC PLEXUS

Question 22

serosa

Answer 22

outer covering of connective tissue that is a continuation of the peritonial membrane, sheets of mesentery hold intestines in place

Question 23

the majority of digestion occurs in the:

esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine

Answer 23

small intestine - much wider of enzymes and turns and stuff with SA