resp 1 Flashcards
what are the four primary functions of the CV system
- exchange of gases between atmosphere and the lungs
2.homeostatic regulation of body pH - protection from inhaled pathogens
4.vocalization
systems/structures involved in ventilation and gas exchange (3)
- conductuin system or air ways
- alveoli
- the bones and muscles of the thorax (chest cavity)
how does the conducting system/airways work
air comes in thru nasal cavity/mouth
then moves down to the pharynx
then moves to larynx
then into trewachea
which splits into 2 sets of bronchi
sub brochi
they feed into bronchioles
then alveoli
what seperates the upper and lower repiratory system?
trachea and lower is lower
what does the bones and muscles region of the CV consist of?
sterocleido-mastoids
scalenes
external intercostals
internal intercostals
diaphragm
abdominal muscles
which side of the lung is the cardiac notch on?
left making it slightly smaller
what is the pleural sac?
double walled cavidy that surrounds each lung tight and slippery
visceral pluera - outside surface
parietal pluera - inside surface of thoracic cavity
whats better? nose breathing of mouth breathing?
nose breathing because there is mucus and hairs
what do epithilial cells secrete and what do goblet cells secrete?
epithilial - saline
goblet - mucus
creates an escalator
how does the CFTR cannel work?
bring Cl- into epithelial cell which creates an electrochemical gradient
apical anion channels allow Cl- into lumen
Na+ SLIDES by to make NaCl which makes a concentration gradient so escalator can work
describe Cystic fibrosis
reduced production of saline which leads to more mucus just chillin there
leads to collection of bacteria which can cause lung infections
life expectancy (44-57)
what lines alveoli
95% covered by type 1 alveolar cells
this is where gas exchange occurs
Type 2 alveolar cells. they are a biut thicker than type 1
synthesis surfactant (detergent)
reducing surface tension
