resp 7 Flashcards
what are the 4 things that effect Hemoglobin affinity?
- pH
- PCO2
- Temperature
- 2-3 BPG
how does pH affect hemoglobin affinity?
hard work makes exess CO2 which makes the cell use anaerobic metabolism. This results in increased H+ and lactic acid.
more acid (low pH) = right shift
less acid (higher pH) = left shift
how does pCO2 affect hemoglobin affinity?
-Co2 binds to hemoglobin and changes it conformation & Co2 is converted into acid (bicarbonate and H+)
more pCO2 = right shift
less pCO2 = left shift
how does temperature affect hemoglobin affinity?
muscles heat up and decrease affinity
increase in temp = right shift
decrease in temp = left shift
how does 2-3 BPG affect hemoglobin affinity?
when oxygen is low (chronic hypoxia) increases 2-3 DPG production
adding 2-3 = right shift
none = left shift
why is fetal hemoglobin different
higher affinity for oxygen because more o2 can go into baby when PCO2 is high. Since there is no direct connection between mother and baby
has 2 alpha and 2 gamma globulin untis
What are the 3 ways CO2 is transported?
- dissolve in plasma (7%)
- bound to hemoglobin (23%)
- Converted to bicarbonate (70%)
why is it important to remove CO2?
too much can cause acidosis
not enough causes to low pH
what acts as a buffer for H+ and CO2?
Hemoglobin does.
or else we can have acidosis
why is bicarbonate (HCO3-) allowed to leave Hb after it is made?
because Cl- goes in as an exchange using an exchanger
what purpose does the conversion of CO2 —> HCO3- have? (2)
- provides additional transport of CO2
- HCO3- is a buffer for acids. So it basically stabilizes the bodies pH
what turns CO2 —> HCO3-
Carbonic Anhydrase which follows the law of mass action (meaning it occurs until equilibrium is reached)
