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425 - sys path > GI - SI & LI pt 3 > Flashcards

GI - SI & LI pt 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Johne’s disease
1. AKA what?
2. cause?
3. transmission?

A
  1. bovine paratuberculosis
  2. Mycobacterium avium ssp. Paratuberculosis (MAP)
  3. fecal-oral, milk, colostrum, water
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2
Q

Johne’s disease: clinical signs and signalment?

A

chronic diarrhea, emaciation, hypoproteinemia

signalment: domestic ruminants > 18 mos

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3
Q

Johne’s disease: gross lesions?

A

segmental cerebelliform thickening of the intestine

ileum > cecum and proximal colon

enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes and vessels

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4
Q

Johne’s disease: histo lesions?

A

infiltration of lamina propria by lots of macrophages

macrophages contain acid-fast bacilli

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5
Q

This is the ileum of a cow. What is the lesion? What is the disease? What is the etiology?

A

segmental cerebelliform thickening of intestine
Johne’s disease
Mycobacterium avium ssp Paratuberculosis

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6
Q

Johne’s disease is linked to what human condition?

A

Crohn’s disease

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7
Q

In small ruminants, what gross lesion is most prominent with Johne’s disease?

A

lymphadenitis > intestinal lesions

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8
Q

what is the etiology of porcine proliferative enteropathy?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis

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9
Q

porcine proliferative enteropathy:
1. species?
2. signalment?
3. what does the bacteria target?

A
  1. pigs > horses, deer, rabbits, dogs, primates, hamsters
  2. 3wks to adult
  3. distal SI (ileum) and LI
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10
Q

porcine proliferative enteropathy: gross lesions?

A

cerebelliform thickening of the intestine
necrotic enteritis
proliferative hemorrhagic enteropathy

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11
Q

These are two examples of pig intestines (distal SI and LI). What disease process causes these lesions?

A

Porcine proliferative enteropathy caused by Lawsonia intracellularis

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12
Q

What is the etiology of swine dysentery?

A

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

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13
Q

What are the gross lesions of swine dysentery? what is the signalment?

A

mucohemorrhagic to fibrinous colitis
restricted to LI

8wks-adult pigs

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14
Q

These are pig large intestines. What is the lesion? What is the most likely diagnosis? What is the etiology?

A

Mucohemorrhagic to fibrinous colitis
Swine dysentery
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae

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14
Q

Potomac Horse Fever:
2. etiology?
4. time of year? why?
5. intermediate hosts infect what animals?
6. what should you look at in the farm if you diagnose with this disease?

A
  1. Neorickettsia risticii
  2. summer. requires trematode intermediate host
  3. snails & aquatic insects
  4. standing water in the paddock
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15
Q

Potomac Horse Fever: gross lesions

A

fluid filled large bowel with foul odour (SI affected to lesser extent)
marked edema (distal limbs, laminitis)

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16
Q

What is the new species that causes Potomac Horse Fever?

A

Neorickettsia finleia sp. nov.

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17
Q

You see this specimen during a necropsy of a horse (large bowel). The horse also had laminitis and distal limb edema, and in the large bowel you took out quite a bit of foul smelling fluid. What is your diagnosis?

A

Potomac Horse Fever

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18
Q

Is Salmonella zoonotic?

A

YES

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19
Q

Salmonella: what does it cause?

A

enterocolitis or septicaemia, diarrhea in any age

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20
Q

Salmonella: gross lesions?

A

fibrinonecrotizing or catarrhal enteritis and typhlocolitis

multifocal button ulcers

yellow or green feces with foul odour

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21
Q

Tell me what each salmonella entity causes.
1. S. typhimurium in pigs
2. S. dublin in cattle
3. S typhimurium in horses

A
  1. chronic rectal strictures
  2. antibiotic treatment and hospitalization
  3. fibrinous cholecystitis
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22
Q

You see this small intestine in necropsy and note the button ulcers present. What is your primary differential diagnosis?

A

Salmonella

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23
Q

Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV): what are the outcomes of infection?

A
  1. fetal infection (death, abortion, persistent infection, congenital abnormal.)
  2. Classical BVD (immunocompetent animals > 6mo, non-cytopathic form, high morbidity low mortality, mild oral ulcers and erosions)
  3. Severe avute BVD (BVDV2, high morbidity, high mortality, sudden death, diarrhea, pneumonia)
  4. mucosal disease (developed by PI animals through mutation or infection with cytopathic form)
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24
Bovine viral diarrhea virus: gross lesions?
erosions and ulcers in mouth, rumen, abomasum, cecum/colon interdigital dermatitis and coronets linear esophageal ulcers necrosis and hemorrhage over Peyer's patches diarrhea enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes
25
This is the esophagus of a cow. What is the lesion? What is the cause of the lesion?
linear erosions/ulcers in esophagus bovine viral diarrhea virus
26
What is the most important cause of malassimilation and losing protein in dogs? Which breeds are predisposed to this?
Lymphangiectasia Yorkshire terriers, Norwegian Lundehund
27
Gross lesions of lymphangiectasia in the GIT?
dilated lacteals (white spots on mucosa) mucosa segmentally thickened dilated lymphatic vessels
28
histo lesions of lymphagiectatia in the GIT?
dilated lymphatic vessels at the centres of villi
29
This is the colon of a horse. What is the lesion/disease process? How do you expect this will manifest clinically?
Lymphangiectasia malassimilation and losing protein
30
What are the causes of lymphangiectasia?
congenital: Yorkies and Norwegian Lundehund acquired: inflammation or neoplasia leading to lymphatic obstruction; idiopathic
31
What the heck is going on!?
Lymphangiectasia
32
Histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers: 2. signalment? 3. clinical signs?
2. young boxers & French bulldogs (and other breeds) 3. chronic, frequent, blood mucoid diarrhea, with weight loss cachexia
33
What are the gross lesions of histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers?
thickened ulcerated colon
34
What are the histo lesions of histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers?
infiltration of the submucosa by macrophages
35
What is the cause of histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers?
immune mediated, but associated with specific invasive strains of E. coli
36
Your patient, a Boxer named Tullymully, presents with chronic, frequent, bloody mucoid diarrhea and cachexia. Tullymully's owner is ✨Super Rich✨ and opts for a colonoscopy to see what his colon looks like. You find ulcers there. What is your primary differential? What is the etiology?
Histiocytic ulcerative colitis of boxers specific invasive strain of E. coli
37
Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) 1. clinical or pathological syndrome? 2. signalment/species? 3. targeted tissues? 4. histo lesions? 5. what can it progress to? in what species/breeds?
1. clinical 2. cats & dogs > horses > cattle (boxers, basenjis, German shepherds, Irish setters predisposed) 3. SI, but can affect colon and stomach too 4. chronic lymphoplasmacytic inflammation 5. intestinal lymphoma in cats and basenjis
38
NSAID Induced Right Dorsal Colitis: 1. signalment? 2. which organ? 3. cause? 4. gross lesions?
1. equine 2. right dorsal colon 3. ischemic damage 4. ulceration of colon and stomach (also oral ulcers and renal papillary necrosis)
39
This is the right dorsal colon of a horse. What caused this? What is the disease process called?
NSAID toxicity NSAID induced right dorsal colitis
40
Name 4 organs that can be negatively affected by NSAIDs in horses?
Stomach Kidney Mouth Colon
41
What is the common paraneoplastic syndrome with anal sac adenocarcinoma?
Hypercalcemia of malignancy
42
What are the benign epithelial intestinal neoplasias that we have to know?
Rectal papillary adenomas (aka polyps) anal hepatoid gland adenomas (aka perianal adenoma)
43
What are the malignant epithelial intestinal neoplasias that we have to know?
Adenocarcinomas (rectal, anal gland) - anal sac adenocarcinoma
44
what are the benign mesenchymal intestinal neoplasias that we have to know?
Leiomyomas Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)
45
what are the malignant mesenchymal intestinal neoplasias that we have to know?
lymphoma mast cell tumors
46
what is the #1 intestinal tumor in cats and dogs? is it benign or malignant?
lymphoma malignant
47
with intestinal lymphomas, which has a better prognosis: small cell or large cell? Which one do cats get?
small cell cats get small cell (T cell) lymphomas
48
What da heck is that?!?!?!
anal sac adenocarcinoma in a dog
49
What are the 3 components of triaditis in cats?
Pancreatitis, cholangitis, enteritis
50
Pancreatitis: 1. dogs vs cats? 2. acute or chronic ? 3. cause?
1. dogs > cats 2. both 3. idiopathic, breed predispositions (mini schnauzers), dietary indiscretion, blunt trauma (sx)
51
What is the most common exocrine pancreatic disorder?
pancreatitis
52
pathogenesis of pancreatitis?
release of digestive enzymes leading to autodigestion
53
gross lesions of pancreatitis?
hemorrhage and congestion edema saponification of fat
54
This is a pancreas. What is the lesion? What is the disease process called?
Saponification of fat pancreatitis
55
This is a pancreas. What's the pathology?
Pancreatitis
56
This is a bird. What is the organ? What is the diagnosis?
pancreas pancreatitis
57
what is steatorrhea?
increased fat in feces
58
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency: signalment?
dogs > cats (predisposed for female house pets)
59
What are the two forms of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency?
congenital and acquired
60
What is congenital exocrine pancreatic insufficiency called? Which breeds are predisposed?
Juvenile pancreatic atrophy German shepherds, rough-coated collies, chows, English setters
61
gross findings of juvenile pancreatic atrophy?
loss of fat distended bulky intestines loss of pancreatic tissue
62
what can acquired exocrine pancreatic insufficiency cause?
pancreatitis, toxic injury (zinc, drugs, etc)
63
What is the classic source of zinc poisoning in animals?
ingestion of pennies
64
you are doing a necropsy on a 7mo old German Shepherd named Doglas. This is what you find near the stomach and duodenum. What is going on?! (poor Doglas)
juvenile pancreatic atrophy
65
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: 2. common or rare? 3. aggressive?
2. rare 3. yes. metastasis common. Carcinomatosis

425 - sys path (38 decks)

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