Global Food

Question 1

define food security

Answer 1

having access to safe, affordable food

Question 2

define food insecurity

Answer 2

lacking access to safe, affordable food

Question 3

how does population growth increase food demand

Answer 3

as the population grows, there are more mouths to feed
demand increases

Question 4

how does economic growth increase food demand

Answer 4

as the economy becomes wealthier, there is greater demand for higher quality produce and a range of ingredients
demand increases

Question 5

define sustainable food

Answer 5

production of food that increases yield to meet the demand of future generations whilst protecting the environment

Question 6

define food loss

Answer 6

food that is thrown away before it meets the consumer due to it’s deterioration after harvest

Question 7

define food waste

Answer 7

food that is thrown away after meeting the consumer as it has expired or not been used

Question 8

define undernourishment

Answer 8

not meeting the sufficient calorie intake in your diet

Question 9

give 2 sustainable food practices

Answer 9

growing crops in your garden- local, reduces food miles
using used fruit and vegetables as compost- they decompose into nutrient-rich soil

Question 10

list 5 factors that affect food availability

Answer 10

climate
technology
pests
conflict
poverty

Question 11

how does climate affect food availability

Answer 11

crops require a good amount of rainfall- dry regions will produce less food
extreme weather, e.g storms, will destroy crops
global warming- causes droughts

Question 12

how does technology affect food availability

Answer 12

HIC’s can afford advanced technology- e.g irrigation systems = higher crop yield
LIC’s cannot afford new technology = smaller crop yield

Question 13

how does pests affect food availability

Answer 13

pests eat crops= less harvest

Question 14

how does conflict affect food availability

Answer 14

farmers are forced to flee their farms + homes = nobody to farm crops= less food
crops are burnt during battle

Question 15

how does poverty affect food availability

Answer 15

if people cannot afford healthcare they become sick and unable to work
less workers on farms= less food

Question 16

social impacts of food insecurity

Answer 16

undernourishment
when crop yield decreases food prices rise
poorer people cannot afford food
they become malnourished
they cannot afford healthcare
become sick and unable to work
lose their income

Question 17

economic impacts of food insecurity

Answer 17

if workers are undernourished and cannot work, they don’t receive incomes
less government taxes
less economic development

Question 18

environmental impacts of food insecurity

Answer 18

overgrazing: cattle eat vegetation and leave soil exposed to leaching= soil erosion= infertile land

over-cultivation: farmers forced to farm on marginal land= leads to desertification

pesticides- pollute water supplies= harms animals

Question 19

list 4 management strategies to increase food supply

Answer 19

aeroponics
hydroponics
impossible burger
irrigation

Question 20

explain pros and cons of aeroponics

Answer 20

plants grow in the air
:) get more oxygen- more respiration,more energy for more growth
:) requires less water

:( expensive
:( requires advanced technology- LIC’s cannot afford

Question 21

explain pros and cons of hydroponics

Answer 21

plants grow in water
:) get more water= more photosynthesis= more growth

:( expensive
:( requires advanced technology- LIC’s cannot afford

Question 22

explain pros and cons of the impossible burger

Answer 22

substitute for meat- plant-based burger

:) less cattle farmed- less methane released, less global warming

:( high in saturated fats- obesity risk

Question 23

explain pros and cons of irrigation systems

Answer 23

artificially watering crops

:) saves time
:) higher crop yield

:( locals displaced to build dams
:( farmers are replaced

Question 24

why are greenhouses good for food production

Answer 24

humid and warm- ideal conditions for plant growth
less pesticides are used

Question 25

list our two case studies

Answer 25

global scale- Almeria, Spain local scale- Jamalpur, Bangladesh

Question 26

social effects of Almeria greenhouses

Answer 26

:) job opportunities- provides workers with income :( workers paid little wages for long hours :( immigrant labour :( pesticides- health risks

Question 27

economic effects of Almeria greenhouses

Answer 27

:) generates $1.5billion to Spain's economy per year :) economy gets money from exports and trades :) Spain receives lots of sun- reduced costs due to no additional heating

Question 28

environmental effects of Almeria greenhouses

Answer 28

:( plastic is discarded into ocean- harms aquatic life

Question 29

list 5 ways to increase sustainable food supply

Answer 29

permaculture: organic farming urban farming sustainable meat and fish reducing food loss reducing food waste

Question 30

explain organic farming

Answer 30

reduce use of pesticides natural fertilisers use natural pesticides- e.g ladybugs :) less pollution of water supplies :( slower harvest

Question 31

explain urban farming

Answer 31

farming in towns and cities :) less transportation costs :) improves air quality 'green roofs'

Question 32

explain sustainable meat and fish

Answer 32

grazing animals outdoors e.g free range chickens :) less animal cruelty

Question 33

explain reducing food loss

Answer 33

canning food fermenting pickling food lasts longer, later expiry date

Question 34

explain reducing food waste

Answer 34

re-using leftovers wonky fruit- selling misshapen fruit and vegetables for cheaper prices use old fruit and veg as compost

Question 35

Describe Jamalpur

Answer 35

north of Bangladesh population of 2.29 million 65.5% work in agriculture literacy rate of 38.4% LOW INCOME

Question 36

explain the local scale strategy to increase food production in Jamalpur

Answer 36

farm rice and fish together symbiotic relationship: -rice provides shelter and shade to fish -fish reduce pests and weeds

Question 37

social effects of fish and rice farming

Answer 37

provides locals with jobs- brings income, can afford healthcare improves diet of locals

Question 38

economic effects of fish and rice farming

Answer 38

provides jobs- generates income more government taxes paid- improvement of quality of living sold locally- income

Question 39

environmental effects of fish and rice farming

Answer 39

local scale- no food miles no pesticides- fish are natural pesticides

Question 40

issues with rice and fish farming

Answer 40

farmers don't want to adapt to new farming methods fish can spread disease competition between fish and rice for nutrients

Question 41

explain permaculture

Answer 41

developing agricultural systems that co-operate with nature e.g organic farming, urban farming, eating seasonally, reducing food waste/loss