Globalisation Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is globalisation
A process that involves sports as a worldwide business
Globalisation has been affected by the following three factors:
Freedom of movement
Media coverage
Greater exposure of people to sports
Characteristics of a globalised sport
Extensive worldwide media coverage of sport on multiple platforms
Freedom of movement of players
Regular international fixtures
Sport as a worldwide business/market that generates income
Teams and spectators can travel to compete at home and abroad
What is freedom of movement
International laws that allow athletes and spectators to move between countries for professional sport
Freedom of Movement of players - Positives
Allows performers to cross continents in lots of sports but also to train there .E.g. Altitude or ‘warm weather’ training
Successful sports/clubs/teams tour other ‘markets’. E.g. Premier League football teams touring USA or Asia in pre-season.
Coaches from a variety of different cultures. E.g. Jose Mourinho Portugal.
Can increase the fan-base of successful sports / clubs / teams / performers - they are known internationally. E.g. Man U fans all over the world.
Quicker/easier travel makes competitions more flexible.
Increased participation by ethnic minorities in sports.
Overall better for British players and often more success at global sporting events
Freedom of Movement of players - Negatives
Grown in some sports – so others may be left behind
Home grown talent have fewer opportunities
Players go where the money is – no commitment to the clubs themselves, loss of identity.
Can mean fans don’t watch as feel the team doesn’t reflect the area/country
Positive effects media coverage on sport
Increased commercialism
Increases participation
Sport from around the world can now be viewed anywhere at any time - Spectatorism
Increase in standards of play because it’s allowed professionalism in sport
Players able to earn high salaries
Creation of role models
Increased profile of minority sports
Increased technology, meaning fairer results
Created new rules/versions of sports = exciting to watch
Educate/ inform about sport
Negative effects media coverage on sport
Media demands control of sports/performers
Can cause deviant behaviour e.g. drug taking
More people spectating rather than participating
Loss of privacy for sports stars – issues highlighted both inside + outside the game.
Biased towards male/able-bodied sport
Negative role modelling that young athletes may copy
New rules and versions go against tradition
Altered timings can impact performance of elite athletes
Increased officiating technology has slowed the game
How has global media coverage changed the nature of sport?
Sport formats/structure - More entertaining, media friendly forms e.g. Rugby 7’s, T20 cricket
Rule changes - NGBs have altered rules to increase media appeal and excitement eg: hockey – no off side, tennis - tie break
Scheduling - Start times now fixed by media companies to suit global market E.g. 100m final Olympics 10pm, Saturday football kick offs.
International fixtures - Increased number of fixtures/competitions
Player Income - Increased income E.g. higher wages / prize money and more sponsorship opportunities
Player status - Increased status, global superstars E.g. David Beckham
Audiences - Increase in size of audience for mainstream and minority sports, shown all over the world.
Officiating technology - Technology introduced to ensure fair outcomes and add to entertainment E.g. Hawkeye, VAR
Greater exposure of people to sport.
Sports competitions taken to new markets. Fans can now watch different sports and teams from all over the world.
E.g. NFL/NBA in the UK, F1 in Abu Dhabi/ Rugby league in
Toronto.
Global tours and competitions
Pre season/ World Club cup
