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Gluteal region Flashcards

(104 cards)

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1
Q
A

Pink: Iliac crest
Green: Natal cleft (birth happens through this canal)
Blue: Gluteal fold

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2
Q

Cutaneous Sensory Nerves of the Right Gluteal Region

A

Blue: Iliohypogastric n (L1)
Small yellow: Subcoastal n (T1,2)
Yellow: Superior cluneal n (L1,2,3)
Pink: Middle cluneal n (S1,2,3)
Green: Inferior cluneal n (posterior femural cutaneous n)

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3
Q

Superficial fasica of Gluteal region

A

Thick (esp women) and has a large amount of fat. Passage for superficial nerves and veins. The intramuscular injection can be done safely.

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4
Q

Deep fascia of Gluteal region

A

Splits to enclose the gluteus maximus then continues as a single layer on the outer surface of the gluteus medius and attach to iliac crest.

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5
Q

Where does the Iliotibial tract begin

A

Iliac crest

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6
Q
A

Fascia lata
right arrow: Iliotibial tract

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7
Q
A

Yellow: Tensor fascia lata
Green: Iliotibial tract

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8
Q

Muscle and function

A

Yellow: Tensor fascia lata (medial rotation)
Green: Gluteus maximus (Lateral rotation)
Are anatagonists

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9
Q

Tensor fascia lata location

A

Enclosed between 2 layers of fascia lata

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10
Q

Tensor fascia lata origin

A

Ant part of outer lip of iliac crest, ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)

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11
Q

What other muscle has an origin at ASIS(anterior superior iliac spine)

A

Sartorius muscle

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12
Q

Tensor fascia lata insertion

A

Iliotibial tract

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13
Q

Tensor fascia lata nerve

A

Superior gluteal n

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14
Q

Tensor fascia lata function

A

Abd, flex & med rotation of thigh.
Acting through iliotibial tract, extends leg

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15
Q

Boney fragments are protected by what?

A

Bursa

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16
Q
A

Right up: Trochanteric bursa
Right down: Gluteofemoral bursa
Left: Ischial bursa

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17
Q

Trochanteric bursa location

A

Between greater trochanter and gluteus maximus

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18
Q

Gluteofemoral bursa location

A

Between Iliotibial tract band and vastus lateralis

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19
Q

Ischial bursa location

A

Between gluteus maximus and ischial tuberosity

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20
Q

Inflamed bursa and symptoms

A

Bursitis
Symp: localized pain and repetitive hip extension

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21
Q

3 bursa in gluteal region

A

Trochanteric bursa, Gluteofemoral bursa and Ischial bursa

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22
Q
A

Gluteus maximus

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23
Q
A

Green: Gluteus medius
Blue: Gluteus minimus

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24
Q
A

Red: Gluteus medius
Orange: Gluteus minimus
Up lines to down:
Posterior gluteal line
Anterior gluteal line
Inferior gluteal line

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25
Red: Gluteus medius Orange: Gluteus minimus
26
Gluteus max. function
Extension of the hip
27
Gluteus medius and minimus function
Flexion of the hip
28
Injection location
29
Green: Gluteus medius Yellow: Gluteus maximus Blue: Attachment of gluteus maximus to iliotibial tract Uncolored: Iliotibial tract
30
Gluteus maximus origin
Lateral surface of ilium behind posterior gluteal line; dorsal sacroiliac and sacrotuberous ligament; dorsal surface of sacrum
31
Gluteus maximus insertion
Iliotibial tract; gluteal tuberosity of femur
32
Gluteus maximus function
Extension(main), Abduction (upper fiber) and Adduction (lower fibers) of thigh
33
Gluteus maximus nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
34
How can the Sciatic nerve be compressed
At lower border of gluteus maximus by sitting on bench with a sharp edge (sleeping foot)
35
How can the Sciatic nerve be injured
Misplaced deep intramuscular injections
36
Where is the intramuscular injection given and why?
Superolateral quadrant to prevent damage to sciatic nerve
37
Gluteus medius origin
Lateral surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteus line
38
Gluteus medius insertion
Greater trochanter of femur
39
Gluteus medius function
Abduction and medial rotation of thigh
40
Gluteus medius nerve
Superior gluteal nerve (L5 and S1)
41
Gluteus minimus origin
Lateral surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteus line
42
Gluteus minimus insertion
Greater trochanter of femur
43
Gluteus minimus function
Abduction and medial rotation of thigh
44
Gluteus minimus nerve
Superior gluteal nerve (L5 and S1)
45
Which 2 muscles have the same insertion function and nerve (OIFN)
Gluteus minimus and medius(abducts more)
46
What happens if there is a lesson of the gluteus medius (the main function is abduction/ does more abduction) or (gluteus medius and minimus)
Right glut-medius paralysis (when left leg is lifted) Left gluteus- medius paralysis (when right leg is lifted)
47
Deep muscles of gluteal region (Small lateral rotators)
Piriformis Obturator internus Gemelli superior and inferior Quadratus femoris
48
Green: Gluteus medius Blue: Gluteus minimus
49
Piriformis
50
Gemelli superior
51
Obturator internus
52
Quadratus femoris
53
Gemelli inferior
54
White: Pelvic sacral foramena Green: Piriformis m (pear shaped)
55
Show piriformis m.
Pink: Gemellus superior Green: Gemellus inferior Yellow: Obturator externus Blue: Obturator internus
56
Obturator sign Right : Flexion of legs at hip and knee and Medial rotation of thigh Left: indicates an inflamed pelvic appendix (appendicitis) that is in contact with the obturator internus muscle.
57
Right: Intertrochantric crest Left: Ischial tuberosity
58
Piriformis origin
Anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament
59
Piriformis insertion
Greater trochanter of femur
60
Piriformis function
Lateral rotation, extension and abduction (when flexed) of the thigh
61
Piriformis innervation
Ventral rami of S1 AND S2
62
Obturator internus origin
Pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
63
Obturator internus insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
64
Obturator internus function
Lateral rotation, extension and abduction (when flexed) of the thigh
65
Obturator internus innervation
Ventral rami of L5 and S1
66
Gemelli superior and inferior origin
SUP: Ischial spine INF: Ischial tuberosity
67
Gemelli superior and inferior insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
68
Gemelli superior and inferior function
Lateral rotation, extension and abduction (when flexed) of the thigh
69
Gemelli superior and inferior innervation
Ventral rami of L5 and S1
70
Quadratus femoris origin
Ischial tuberosity
71
Quadratus femoris insertion
Posterior surface of femur between greater and lesser trochanter
72
Quadratus femoris function
Powerful Lateral rotation
73
Quadratus femoris innervation
Ventral rami of L5 and S1
74
Ischial tuberosity is the origin of
Gemelli inferior and Quadratus femoris
75
Greater trochanter of femur is the insertion of?
Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus and Piriformis
76
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur is the insertion of
Obturator internus and Gemelli inferior and superior
77
Abduction and medial rotation of the thigh is the function of
Gluteus medius and Gluteus minimus
78
Superior gluteal nerve (L5 and S1) is the innervation of
Gluteus medius and Gluteus minimus
79
Lateral rotation, extension and abduction (when flexed) of thigh is function of
All deep muscles of gluteal region except Quadratus femoris (only lateral rotation)
80
Ventral rami of L5 and S1 is the innervation of
All deep muscles of gluteal region except Piriformis (S1 and S2)
81
Green: Iliofemoral ligament Orange: Obturator externus
82
Obturator externus origin
External surface of obturator membrane and foramen
83
Obturator externus insertion
Trochanteric fossa
84
Obturator externus nerve
Posterior branch of obturator nerve(L3-4)
85
Obturator externus function
Laterally rotates thigh
86
Common region for arthroplasty, what are used as landmark and how is it dissected?
Gluteal region. Lateral rotator muscles are used as landmarks that can be dissected off the femur and rolled medially over the sciatic nerve to protect it.
87
Arthroplasty
a surgical procedure to restore the function of a joint
88
Other lateral rotators of hip (5 muscles)
Gluteus maximus (lower fibres) Gluteus medius & gluteus minimus when the hip is extended (become medial rotators when hip is flexed) Psoas major  Psoas minor  Sartorius 
89
Superior gluteal artery Inferior gluteal artery Internal pudendal artery
90
Origin of the sartorius muscle
Tensor fascia lata
91
L3, L4,L5, S1 and S2 spine (Lumbar puncture area)
92
Level of iliac crest
93
Posterior superior iliac spine
94
Tip of greater trochanter
95
Buttock
96
Tip of coccyx
97
Ischial tuberosity
98
Gluteal fold
99
Natal cleft (birth through this canal)
100
Green: Gluteus medius Yellow: Gluteus minimus Red: Gluteus maximus
101
Red: Piriformis Blue: Gemelli (sup and inf) Green: Obturator internus Yellow: Quadratus femoris
102
103
104
Tricep coxae
muscles that attach to greater trochanter include: Obturator internus, Gemelli inf and sup.

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