Hand

Question 1

Cutaneous Innervation of the hand (Nerves)

Answer 1

Green: Musculocutaneous nerve
Pink: Radial nerve
Purple: Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
Blue: Ulnar nerve
Yellow: Median nerve

Question 2

Question 3

Where does the Median nerve begin and end?

Answer 3

Enters the forearm between the 2 heads of the pronator teres–> gives muscular branches/motor branches in forearm–> hand region (sensory branches) to dorsal and palmar.

Question 4

Where does the Ulnar nerve begin and end?

Answer 4

Branch coming from the brachial plexus (no branch in arm regoin)–>enters forearm under flexor carpi ulnaris–>intervenes flexor carpi ulnaris and flexor medial digitorum profundus–> enters hand region (gives motor branches to some muslces and sensory branches)

Question 5

Answer 5

Green:Dorsal digital veins
Purple: Metacarpal vein

Question 6

Superficial vein of the hand on the dorsal surface?

Answer 6

Dorsal digital vein–>Metacarpal vein–>Dorsal venous plexus–>Cephalic vein(radial side) and Basilic vein (ulnar side)

Question 7

What is the clinical importance of the superficial veins?

Answer 7

Sometimes you withdraw or give drugs through them

Question 8

What is the path of the Cephalic vein and what side does it pass on?

Answer 8

passes on the radial side. In the arm region it is called the Brachial cephalic vein–> passes between the deltoid muscle and pectoralis major–> drains into Axillary vein

Question 9

What’s the path of the Basilic vein and what side does it pass on?

Answer 9

It passes on the ulnar side (Anterbrachial basilic vein)–> Continues in arm region as Brachial basilic vein–> pierces structure and becomes deep–> Continues as Axillary vein

Question 10

Answer 10

Top: Basilic vein
Down: Dorsal venous Arch
Left: Cephalic vein

Question 11

Superficial vein of the hand on the Palmar surface?

Answer 11

Palmar digital veins–> Palmar venous plexus–> Median vein of forearm(usually drains into the medial cubital vein but a deviation is dividing into 2 branches- cephalic and basilic vein)

Question 12

What is the Synovial sheath?

Answer 12

Wherethetendon
crossjoints(wrist joint),theyare
sheathedinthin
membranesare knownas
synovial membrane (bursae)

Question 13

Function of Synovial sheath

Answer 13

providelubricatonto decrease friction.

Question 14

Inflammation of bursae

Answer 14

Bursitis

Question 15

Clinical importance of ulna and radial bursa communicating with each other

Answer 15

If there is inflammation in Ulnar bursa it can affect Radial bursa

Question 16

Synovial sheaths: Flexor aspect

Answer 16

1. Flexor digitorum superficialis
   Flexor digitorum profundus
2. Flexor policis longus
3. Flexor carpi radialis

Question 17

Answer 17

Ulnar bursae
1. Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor digitorum profundus
(continues up to distal phalanx of little finger)
(8 tendons)

Question 18

Answer 18

Radial bursa
2. Flexor policis longus
(continues to distal phalanx of thumb)

Question 19

Answer 19

3. Flexor carpi radialis

Question 20

Synovial sheaths: Extensor aspect

Answer 20

1. Extansor pollicis brevis
   Abductor pollicis longus
2. Extansor carpi radialis longus
   Extansor carpi radialis brevis
3. Extansor pollicis longus
4. Extansor digitorum communis
   Extansor indicis proprius
5. Extansor digiti minimi
6. Extansor carpi ulnaris

Question 21

Answer 21

4. Extansor digitorum communis
   Extansor indicis proprius

Question 22

Answer 22

2. Extansor carpi radialis longus
   Extansor carpi radialis brevis

Question 23

Answer 23

3. Extansor pollicis longus

Question 24

Answer 24

1. Extansor pollicis brevis
   Abductor pollicis longus

Question 25

Answer 25

5. Extansor digiti minimi

Question 26

Answer 26

6. Extansor carpi ulnaris

Question 27

Answer 27

Palmar aponeurosis

Question 28

What does the Palmar aponeurosis recieve insertion?

Answer 28

Proximally receive insertion of palmaris longus and partly attach to flexor retinaculum

Question 29

What does the Palmar aponeurosis divide into?

Answer 29

Distally divide into 4 slips--> attach to base of proximal phalanx of medial 4 fingers and attaches to dorsal digital expansion

Question 30

Answer 30

Dorsal Digital Expansion

Question 31

What is the Dorsal Digital Expansion, its location and function?

Answer 31

A triangular fibrous tissue, at the metacharpal phalangeal joint at dorsal surface. Recieves insertion of function.

Question 32

Question 33

Answer 33

Palmaris brevis

Question 34

Palmaris brevis origin

Answer 34

palmar aponeurosis, flexor retinaculum

Question 35

Palmaris brevis insertion

Answer 35

skin on the ulnar side of the hand

Question 36

Palmaris brevis function

Answer 36

Important in gripping, Tenses the palmar aponeurosis

Question 37

Palmaris brevis nerve

Answer 37

Ulnar nerve

Question 38

Answer 38

In between: Intermediate compartment

Question 39

Thenear region muscles

Answer 39

1. Abductor pollicis brevis 2. Flexor pollicis brevis 3. Opponens pollicis 4. Adductor policis

Question 40

How can the Opponens pollicis be seen?

Answer 40

After reflecting Abductor pollicis brevis and Flexor pollicis brevis

Question 41

Question 42

Abductor pollicis brevis origin

Answer 42

Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid & trapezium

Question 43

Abductor pollicis brevis insertion

Answer 43

radial side base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 44

Abductor pollicis brevis nerve

Answer 44

Median nerve

Question 45

Abductor pollicis brevis function

Answer 45

Abducts the thumb

Question 46

Flexor pollicis brevis origin

Answer 46

2 heads superficial head: Flexor retinaculum & trapezium Deep head: trapezoid & capitate

Question 47

Flexor pollicis brevis origin

Answer 47

radial side base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 48

Flexor pollicis brevis nerve

Answer 48

superficial head: Median nerve deep head:Ulnar nerve

Question 49

Flexor pollicis brevis function

Answer 49

Flexes the thumb

Question 50

Opponens pollicis origin

Answer 50

Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid & trapezium

Question 51

Opponens pollicis insertion

Answer 51

radial side of 1st metecarpal bone of thumb

Question 52

Opponens pollicis function

Answer 52

Rotates the 1st metecarpal bone medially, it brings the thumb into opposition with the other fingers

Question 53

Opponens pollicis nerve

Answer 53

Median nerve

Question 54

Answer 54

Adductor pollicis muscle

Question 55

Adductor pollicis origin

Answer 55

2 heads transverse head: anterior surface of 3rd metecarpal bone Oblique head: capitate & base of 2nd, 3rd metecarpal bone

Question 56

Adductor pollicis insertion

Answer 56

ulnar side base of proximal phalanx of thumb

Question 57

Adductor pollicis nerve

Answer 57

Ulnar nerve

Question 58

Adductor pollicis function

Answer 58

Adducts the thumb

Question 59

Hypothenear region

Answer 59

Abductor digiti minim Flexor digiti minim Opponens digiti minim

Question 60

What nerves intervenes all the muscles in the Hypothenear region.

Answer 60

Ulnar nerve

Question 61

Abductor digiti minimi origin

Answer 61

pisiform bone, pisohamate ligament, tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

Question 62

Abductor digiti minimi insertion

Answer 62

ulnar side of the base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 63

Abductor digiti minimi nerve

Answer 63

Ulnar nerve

Question 64

Abductor digiti minimi function

Answer 64

Abducts the little finger

Question 65

Flexor digiti minimi origin

Answer 65

hamate bone, flexor retinaculum

Question 66

Flexor digiti minimi insertion

Answer 66

ulnar side of the base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

Question 67

Flexor digiti minimi nerve

Answer 67

Ulnar nerve

Question 68

Flexor digiti minimi function

Answer 68

flexes the little finger