Gram Positive Bacteria

Question 1

What are the two separations of gram positive bacteria?

Answer 1

Bacilli and cocci

Question 2

What are bacilli split into?

Answer 2

Aerobic and anaerobic

Question 3

Give 2 examples of aerobic spore forming bacilli and what they cause

Answer 3

• Bacillus Cereus - food poisoning

- Bacillus Anthracis - Anthrax

Question 4

Give 2 examples of non spore forming aerobic bacilli

Answer 4

• Listeria moncytogenes

- Corynebacterium Diptheriae

Question 5

What does listeria monocytogenes cause?

Answer 5

• Meningitis in neonates

- Bacteraemia in pregnancy

Question 6

What does corynebacterium diphtheriae cause?

Answer 6

Diptheria

Question 7

Give 4 examples of the clostridium species (anaerobic spore forming bacteria)

Answer 7

• Clostridium difficile
• Clostridium perfringens
• Clostridium botulinum
• Clostridium tetani

Question 8

What does clostridium difficile cause?

Answer 8

Diarrhoea

Question 9

What does clostridium perfringens cause?

Answer 9

• Can cause food poisoning
• Gas gangrene
• Is found normally in faeces

Question 10

What does clostridium botulinum cause?

Answer 10

Botulism

Question 11

What does clostridium tetani cause?

Answer 11

Tetanus

Question 12

What are the three subgroups of cocci?

Answer 12

• Staphylococci
• Streptococci
• Enterococci

Question 13

What coccus demonstrates a positive coagulase test?

Answer 13

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 14

What cocci demonstrate negative coagulase tests?

Answer 14

• Staphylococcus epidermis

- Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Question 15

What does staphylococcus aureus cause?

Answer 15

• Found normally in the nose and skin

- Can cause endocarditis, osteomyelitis, food poisoning and toxic shock

Question 16

Staphylococcus epidermis?

Answer 16

• Found everywhere on the skin

- Can infect catheters

Question 17

Staphylococcus sapropyticus?

Answer 17

• Cause of UTI in women of child bearing age

Question 18

What are streptococci separated into

Answer 18

Haemolytic and non haemolytic

Question 19

What are haemolytic streptococci separated into

Answer 19

Partial (alpha) and non partial (beta) haemolytic streptococci

Question 20

Give 2 examples of partial haemolytic streptococci

Answer 20

• Streptococcus pneumoniae

- Viridians streptococci

Question 21

Streptococcus Pneumoniae

Answer 21

• Normal flora of upper resp tract

- Major cause of meningitis in children and elderly

Question 22

Viridans Streptococci

Answer 22

• Normal flora of mouth cavity

- Can cause endocarditis.

Question 23

Give 2 examples of beta haemolytic streptococci

Answer 23

• Streptococcus Pyogenes

- Streptococcus agalactiae

Question 24

Streptococcus Pyogenes

Answer 24

• Sore throats
• Cellulitis
• Impetigo
• Post streptococcal sequelae can result in acute rheumatoid fever, glomerulonephritis

Question 25

Give an example of a non haemolytic streptococcus

Answer 25

Enterococcus faecalis

Question 26

What does enterococcus faecalis cause?

Answer 26

- Can cause UTI