GROUP III - GROUP V Flashcards
(148 cards)
1
Q
the BORON group
A
GROUP IIIA
2
Q
GROUP IIIA is also known as the
A
TRIELS
3
Q
GROUP IIIA elements
A
B, Al, Ga, In, Tl
4
Q
IIIA forms
A
ALUMS
5
Q
IIIA hydroxides are
A
AMPHOTERIC
6
Q
elemental form is NEVER EMPLOYED in medicine and pharmacy
A
BORON
7
Q
Boron is classified as
A
METALLOID
8
Q
also known as BORACIC ACID
A
BORIC ACID
9
Q
- used as DUSTING POWDER or ointment base
- antiseptic
- used in preparation of LISTER’S SOLUTION (antiseptic mouthwash)
- OBSOLETE due to its toxicity
A
BORIC ACID / BORACIC ACID
10
Q
antiseptic mouthwash
A
LISTER’S SOLUTION
11
Q
sodium borate is also known as
A
BORAX / SODIUM TETRABORATE
12
Q
- BACTERIOSTATIC (inhibits the growth of bacteria) (as eye wash and wet dressing)
- water-softener (agent used in preventing precipitation of minerals)
A
SODIUM BORATE / BORAX
13
Q
- treatment of VINCENT’S ANGINA “trench mouth” (acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis)
- dentifrice (tooth powder)
A
SODIUM PERBORATE
14
Q
used in making cooking utensils, instruments due to its lightness, strength, and non-corrosive property
A
ALUMINUM
15
Q
MOST ABUNDANT METAL IN THE EARTH’S CRUST
A
ALUMINUM
16
Q
- antiseptic and astringent
- used as CATALYST (agent that speeds up the reaction) in organic synthesis (FRIEDEL-CRAFT’S REACTION)
A
ALUMINUM CHLORIDE
17
Q
- used as DRY MORDANT (intensifies color)
- combined with organic dyes to form LAKES
A
ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE
18
Q
pharmaceutically, aluminum hydroxide is available in the form of
A
GEL
19
Q
- colloidal aluminum hydroxide
- antacid and protective in the TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER
A
ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE GEL
20
Q
- available as gel
- antacid
- astringent
- demulcent (provides soothing effect thru a protective film)
A
ALUMINUM PHOSPHATE
21
Q
ALUMINUM SILICATES
A
KAOLIN
BENTONITE
PUMICE
22
Q
- native HYDRATED aluminum silicate
- ADSOBRENT- used in DIARRHEA due to FOOD POISONING
- ABSORBENT - ULCERS and MOIST INFECTIONS
A
KAOLIN
23
Q
- native COLLOIDAL hydrated aluminum silicate
- stabilize emulsions
- suspending agent
- clarifying agent
- adsorbent
A
BENTONITE
24
Q
- of VOLCANIC ORIGIN, complex silicates of Al, Na, and K
- used as DISTRIBUTING AGENT
A
PUMICE
25
surface attachment
ADSORBENT
26
penetrates inside
ABSORBENT
27
- as solution
- antiseptic
- astringent
ALUMINUM SULFATE
28
- EXCELLENT SOURCE of aluminum hydroxide
ALUMINUM SUBACETATE SOLUTION
29
- BURROW'S SOLUTION
- 5% aluminum subacetate solution + glacial acetic acid
- antiseptic and astringent on skin
ALUMINUM ACETATE SOLUTION
30
Aluminum acetate solution is composed of
5% aluminum subacetate solution + glacial acetic acid
31
the advanced version of the burrow's solution that is available in the market
DOMEBORO
32
- potassium (or ammonium) aluminum sulfate dodecahydrate
- astringent
- ANTIPERSPIRANT
- deodorant
- styptic (prevents bleeding from minor cuts)
- as flocculant in water purification
ALUM
33
commonly known as tawas
ALUM
34
- POISONER'S POISON
- INHERITANCE POWDER
- colorless, odorless, tasteless
- traceless poison
THALLIUM
35
- formerly used in creams as DEPILATORY (agent used in chemical removal of hair)
- VERY TOXIC
THALLIUM ACETATE
36
these two have LITTLE TO NO medicinal / pharmaceutical importance
GALLIUM AND INDIUM
37
the SCANDIUM GROUP
GROUP IIIB
38
GROUP IIIB elements
Scandium and Yttrium
39
the CARBON group
GROUP IVA
40
GROUP IVA is also known as
TETRELS
41
GROUP IVA elements
Carbon
Silicon
Germanium
Tin
Lead
42
2nd most abundant element in the HUMAN BODY
CARBON
43
different forms of carbon is called
ALLOTROPES
44
types of allotropes
CRYSTALLINE
AMORPHOUS
45
- one of the HARDEST SUBSTANCES (10 on Mohr's scale), pure native form
- colorless, tinted or black crystal
DIAMOND
46
- SOFT, black shiny solid
- used in lead pencils
GRAPHITE
47
Graphite came from the greek word
GRAPHEIN
48
GRAPHEIN means
to write
49
3 types of crystalline
DIAMOND
GRAPHITE
FULLERENE
50
- coal, charcoal, coke
AMORPHOUS
51
the structure of crystalline is
ORGANIZED
52
the structure of amorphous is
DISORGANIZED, RANDOM ARRANGEMENT
53
- from destructive distillation of PLANT SUBSTANCES
- adsorptive (absorbs toxins or poisons), treatment of STOMACH OR INTESTINAL DISORDERS
ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
54
- animal origin (bone), purified by dissolving in HCl and water
- similar to activated charcoal but LESS ADSORPTIVE
PURIFIED ANIMAL CHARCOAL
55
Purified animal charcoal is purified by dissolving
HCl and water
56
- use with CAUTION as anthelmintic (kills parasitic worms)
- main constituent of FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
57
- solvent in RUBBER INDUSTRY
CARBON DISULFIDE
58
- carbonic acid gas
- oxygen gas mixed with 5% CO2
- carbon dioxide snow (dry ice)
CARBON DIOXIDE
59
carbon dioxide is also known as
CARBONIC ACID GAS
60
- treatment of poisoning by CO, alcohol, methanol, morphine
OXYGEN GAS MIXED WITH 5% CO2
61
- remedy for SKIN DISORDER (acne, eczema, psoriasis, warts)
CARBON DIOXIDE SNOW (DRY ICE)
62
DIATOMACEOUS EARTH
PURIFIED SILICEOUS EARTH
63
- purified kieselguhr, purified tripoli, diatomaceous earth
- A form of silica (silicon dioxide)
- absorbent and clarifying agent
- POLISHING POWDER FOR METALS
PURIFIED SILICEOUS EARTH
64
- silica
SILICON DIOXIDE
65
silicon dioxide in crystalline form
QUARTZ
66
Quartz with impurities
GEMS
67
amorphous form of silica
AGATE
JASPER
OPAL
68
a mixture of various silicates
GLASS
69
LEAD SILICATE + SODIUM SILICATE
- CHEAPEST, most common
- used in window panes, bottles, bulbs
SOFT GLASS
70
soft glass is made of
LEAD SILICATE + SODIUM SILICATE
71
POTASSIUM SILICATE + Mg/Al oxides
- MORE ACID RESISTANT
HARD GLASS
72
hard glass is made of
POTASSIUM SILICATE + Mg/Al oxides
73
CONTAINS 50% PbO
- LOW REFRACTION, HIGH DISPERSION; used in making lenses for optical instruments
FLINT GLASS
74
CONTAINS 10% K2O
- HIGH REFRACTION, LOW DISPERSION
CROWN GLASS
75
- for common bottles
- classified as "SOFT GLASS"
SODA LIME GLASS
76
- VERY TOUGH, lower coefficient of expansion; used in CHEMICAL GLASSWARE and cooking utensils
- classified as HARD GLASS
BOROSILICATE GLASS
77
- amorphous and porous form
- desiccant (drying agent)
SILICA GEL
78
- stimulates formation of RBC and for TREATMENT OF ANEMIA
- hematinic
GERMANIUM DIOXIDE
79
- resistant to very weak acids and alkalis
- used for household utensils, chemical apparatus
- tinplate - iron + tin
TIN
80
latin name of Tin
STANNUM
81
- for STAPHYLOCOCCI INFECTIONS
- dentrifice
STANNIC OXIDE
82
- as dihydrate - tin salt; used as mordant
STANNOUS CHLORIDE
83
- FUMING SPIRIT OF LIBAVIUS
STANNIC CHLORIDE
84
- ARTIFICIAL GOLD
STANNIC SULFIDE
85
latin name of Lead
PLUMBUM
86
principal primary ore of lead
GALENA
87
- plumbing, water pipes
- making storage batteries
- paint pigments
- considered as toxic element
LEAD
88
- SUGAR OF LEAD
- as lotion - astringent
- as wash - treatment of poison ivy
LEAD ACETATE
89
lead affects the ___ of people when exposed to its compounds
COGNITIVE FUNCTION
90
- GOULARD'S EXTRACT
- extract of saturn
- astringent, anti-inflammatory
LEAD SUBACETATE SOLUTION
91
- LEAD WATER
DILUTED LEAD SUBACETATE SOLUTION
92
- LITHARGE, lead monoxide
- used in preparation of lead subacetate solution
LEAD OXIDE
93
- WHITE LEAD
- paint pigment
LEAD CARBONATE / BASIC LEAD CARBONATE
94
- astringent
- as pigment: CASSEL'S YELLOW
LEAD CHLORIDE
95
- KING'S YELLOW
LEAD CHROMATE
96
TITANIUM group
GROUP IVB
97
GROUP IVB
Titanium
Zirconium
Hafnium
Cesium
Thallium
98
- sons of earth
- alloys with steel, used in aircraft, spacecraft, and missiles
TITANIUM
99
- used as WHITE PIGMENT in creams and paints
- ward off light rays - FOR SUNSCREEN preparations
- OPACIFYING AGENT in capsule and tablet coatings
TITANIUM OXIDE
100
- antiemetic, especially during EARLY STAGES OF PREGNANCY
CERIUM OXALATE
101
NITROGEN GROUP
GROUP VA
102
Group VA is also known as
PNICTOGENS - to choke
103
GROUP VA
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Arsenic
Antimony
Bismuth
104
- Mephitic air (Daniel Rutherford)
- Azote "without life" (Antoinne Lavoisier)
- 79% by volume in the atmosphere
- found in nature as CHILE SALTPETER (sodium nitrate)
- found in soil
- necessity for development of plants
NITROGEN
105
most abundant element in the ATMOSPHERE
NITROGEN
106
- LAUGHING GAS
- has exhilarating effect when inhaled
- analgesic and anesthetic
NITROUS OXIDE
107
- ALKALINE AIR
- colorless gas with STRONG PUNGENT ODOR
- produced commercially by HABER PROCESS
- Ammonium hydroxide solution (ammonia water)
AMMONIA
108
- used for refrigeration and manufacture of ARTIFICIAL ICE
LIQUID AMMONIA
109
- STRONGER AMMONIA WATER
- 27-29% NH3
- used in manufacture of ammonium salts, nitric acid, fertilizers
STRONG AMMONIA SOLUTION
110
- AMMONIA WATER
- 9-10% NH3
- Spirit of Hartshorn
- Household ammonia
DILUTED AMMONIA SOLUTION
111
- product of destructive distillation of horns of male deer
SPIRIT OF HARTSHORN
112
- for cleaning and washing due to softening and saponifying properties
HOUSEHOLD AMMONIA
113
ammonium bromide
sedative
114
- SAL VOLATILE, PRESTON SALT, HARTSHORN
- reflex stimulant
- expectorant
AMMONIUM CARBONATE
115
- SPIRIT OF SAL VOLATILE
- gastric stimulant
- carminative
- antacid
AROMATIC AMMONIA SPIRIT
116
- SPIRIT OF MINDERERUS
AMMONIUM ACETTAE SOLUTION
117
- MISTURA PECTORALIS
- STOKE'S EXPECTORANT
EXPECTORANT MIXTURE
118
- MURIATE OF AMMONIA, SAL AMMONIAC
- expectorant, diuretic
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
119
Phosphorus came from the greek word
i bear light
120
a property that phosphorus have that is light emiting
PHOSPHORESCENCE
121
- MOST REACTIVE phosphorus
- stored under kerosene
WHITE PHOSPHORUS
122
- LESS reactive than white P
RED PHOSPHORUS
123
- obtained by HEATING PI3 with Hg
- mixed with potassium chlorate to MAKE MATCHES
SCARLET PHOSPHORUS
124
- obtained by heating white P with Na
VIOLET PHOSPHORUS
125
- obtained by heating P with Pb
- LEAST RAECTIVE
- MOST stable form
BLACK PHOSPHORUS
126
- colorless, POISONOUS GAS with rotten fish odor
- product of putrefaction of organic material
- phosphorescence
- WILL-O-WISP or IGNIS FATUUS
PHOSPHINE PH3
127
- FLOWERS OF P
- used for DRYING GASES
DIPHOSPHORUS PENTOXIDE P2O5
128
- ORTHOPHOSPHORIC acid
- a triprotic acid
- used as gastric tonic and stimulant
- diluted form- treatment of Pb poisoning
PHOSPHORIC ACID
129
- burns with BLUISH FLAME: produces arsenic trioxide
- protoplasmic poison (compounds that destroy all cells) (antidote: dimercaprol or BAL)
- component of SALVARSAN: used in the treatment of syphilis
ARSENIC
130
antidote of protoplasmic poison
DIMERCAPROL OR BAL
131
- EXTREELY POISONOUS
- formerly used as ALTERATIVE TONIC
- gradually restore the proper function of the body and increase health and vitality
- in small doses, appetite stimulant
ARSENIC TRIODIDE
132
- ARSENIC CHLORIDE SOLUTION
- acidic
ARSENIOUS ACID SOLUTION
133
- FOWLER'S SOLUTION
- basic
POTASSIUM ARSENITE SOLUTION
134
- also called as Stibium, Kohl, Antimonium
ANTIMONY
135
- TARTAR EMETIC
- emetic, followed by depression
- depressant expectorant
- IV: treatment of visceral leishmaniasis - kala azar or black fever
ANTIMONY POTASSIUM TARTRATE
136
- BUTTER OF ANTIMONY
- mineral butter
ANTIMONY TRICHLORIDE
137
- Wismut, Wissmat
- Colloidal Bi - antisyphilitic
- blacks stool : common side effect
BISMUTH
138
- IM: treatment of syphilis
BISMUTH POTASSIUM TARTRATE
139
- basic bismuth carbonate
- protective, astringent, antiseptic, dusting powder
- has antacid effect
BISMUTH SUBCARBONATE
140
- basic bismuth carbonate
- protective, astringent, antiseptic, dusting powder
- has GREATER astringent effect
BISMUTH SUBGALLATE
141
- basic bismuth nitrate
- protective, astringent, antiseptic, dusting powder
- MOST EFFECTIVE ANTISEPTIC
BISMUTH SUBNITRATE
142
- PINK BISMUTH
- anti-diarrheal
- relieves stomach upset
BISMUTH SUBSALICYLATE
143
- MILK OF BISMUTH, BISMUTH CREAM
- similar to bismuth subcarbonate, but LESS EFFECTIVE
BISMUTH MAGMA
144
- BUTTER OF BISMUTH
- + water = pearl white
- used in manufacture of ARTIFICAL PEARLS
BISMUTH TRICHLORIDE
145
VANADIUM GROUP
GROUP VB
146
GROUP VB
Vanadium
Tantalum
147
- ERYTHRONIUM
- RED when heated with acids
- (rarely) used in treatment o anemia
VANADIUM
148
