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My EPPP > Growth And Lifespan Dvpt > Flashcards

Growth And Lifespan Dvpt Flashcards

(67 cards)

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1
Q

Foreclosure identity state

A

Commitment and absence of crisis

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2
Q

Preop stage - Piaget

A

2-7

representing things with words and images. no logical thinking yet
Egocentric
Symbolic activity
Intuitive thinking

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3
Q

Concrete Op stage - Piaget

A

7-11

Thinking logically about concrete events
Conservation
math

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4
Q

Least developed sense at birth

A

eyesight

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5
Q

Marasamus

A

Infant does not get necessary nourishment needed to sustain life

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6
Q

Sensorimotor stage

A

cog dvpt which begins in infancy
experiencing the world through the senses

object permanence
stranger anxiety

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7
Q

Monozygotic twins

A

one zygote splits and forms 2 identical clusters. Also known as identical twins (1 in every 270 births)

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8
Q

Dizygotic twins

A

two ova are fertilized by 2 separate sperm around the same time (1 in every 60 births)

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9
Q

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

A

abornmal ingestion of protein. 1 in 500 births. 1 in 100 European Americans mainly Norwegian

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10
Q

Kleinfelter

A

XXY

male appearance, secondary sex characteristics not present

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11
Q

Vaillant & Levinson

A

Psychoanalytic theorists who believed human intrinsic drives and motives to be the basis for universal stages

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12
Q

Vaillant

A

pessimistic explanatory styles of depressed ppl

concluded that these ppl blame unpleasant events on themselves

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13
Q

Thorndike

A

law of effect

animals repeat responses but not punished responses

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14
Q

Maslow

A 
Hierarchy of needs -
physiological
safety
belonging & love needs
esteem
self actualization
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15
Q

Piaget

A

Infant- sensorimotor (senses, motor)
2 - preoperational - think symbolically
school age- concrete operational - think logically
adolescent & adult - formal operational - think on many planes, abstract
postformal - 5th stage allows adults to solve real world problems

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16
Q

Vygotsky

A

language single most important means of learning

social experience

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17
Q

Kwashiokor

A

lack of protein- characterized by bloating in face legs, abdomen

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18
Q

Assimilation

A

fitting info into an infant’s current schema

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19
Q

accommodation

A

revising infant’s schema to fit new info

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20
Q

intermodal perception

A

using more than 1 sense

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21
Q

cross-modal perception

A

ability to use info from one sensory modality to imagine something in another

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22
Q

perceptual constancy

A

awareness that size and shape are always constant despite changes in appearance due to location (6 mo)

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23
Q

reversal

A

8 mo - will demonstrate goal orientated bx by looking at an object taken out of view. reversal allows the babies to reverse the situation

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24
Q

underextend

A

babies use words to refer to a narrow category of objects

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25
overextend
when babies use a word to describe everything with similar characteristics
26
infant self awareness
occurs around 15-24 mo
27
most common prob in preschool yrs
iron deficiency
28
#1 cause of childhood death
accidents
29
when is brain 90% developed in size?
age 6
30
kohlberg's 3 levels of moral rsning
"why shouldn't you steal from a store?" level 1 - preconventional level 2 - Conventional level 3 - Postconventional
31
Gilligan's beliefs
females give more thought to social contexts of moral choices and they focus on relationships females have a morality of compassion and care and not a morality of justice and judgment
32
Marcia's 4 identity statuses
1. achieveemnt - a person is unique and has self definition 2. foreclosure - acceptance of parental values 3. identity diffusion - confusion and uncertainty 4. moratorium - pause in identity to allow teens to explore alternatives
33
Senescence
between age 15-30 | state of physical decline, body less strong and efficient
34
cog changes during adulthood
postformal approach - builds on operational thinking psychometric approach - analyzes factors of intelligence and examines improvements or decline information processing approach - storage and retrieval of info.
35
predominant patterns in adult thinking
``` postformal thought adult rsning that focuses on problem solving and real life concepts dialectical thought most advanced form of cognition first stage = thesis second stage = antithesis ```
36
levinson stages of adulthood
``` 17-22 early adult transition 18-33 transition, cause change 22-28 first choices, love, etc 33-40 setting down 40-45 midlife transition, start to question 45-50 new choices made ```
37
roger gould
studies stages of adulthood ages 16-60 | ranked issues of greatest importance in ppl's lives
38
Baumrind
3 parenting styles authoritarian - strict, sets guidelines authoritative - parents who run in the middle- permissive - no demands, guidelines extremely flexible
39
concrete operational thought
piaget- most important achievement in middle school 1. recognition of logical stability of the real world 2. objects can change, original characteristics stay the same 3. changes can be reversed
40
biggest influence on child's self esteem
peers
41
role buffering
each role provides a cushion for the disappointments in other roles
42
factors affecting hearing loss
sex genes age deficits start age 30 (men) 50 (women)
43
climacteric
phase preceding menopause, believed to be about 10 years shorter menstrual cycles varying ovulation
44
fluid intelligence
all type of learning quick and in depth
45
crystallized intelligence
accumulated learning, vocab, general info, knowledge of scientific formulas,
46
gardener - 7 types of intelligence
``` linguistic logical-math musical-spatial body-kinesthetic social-understanding self-understanding ```
47
sternberg multiple inteligence
analytic - planning, processing, verbal, logical skills creative - intellectually flexible practical - ability to adapt behavior to contextual demands of a situation
48
eye sight in old age
80% need correction 10% ok 10% significant problems
49
Robert LeVine cultural context
middle class families give less consideration to infant mortality rates bc their parenting strategies focus on tech advances and emo independence of their children
50
turners syndrome
individual born with 1 sex chromosome characteristics - learning disabled (math, science) diff recognizing facial emotion short secondary sex characteristics do not develop webbed neck
51
prenatal developmental phases
germinal - first 14 days embryonic - 3rd to 8th week fetal - 9th week to birth
52
prenatal organ function
end of 7th mo
53
low birth weight
less than 5.5 lb
54
apgar
1 to 10 1 min and 5 min after birth HR, RR, muscle tone, color, reflexes
55
preconventional morality
compliance with rules to avoid punishment and get rewards
56
conventional morality
conforming to rules to get social approval
57
erikson's stages of development
1 - trust v mistrust 2 - autonomy v shame 3 -6 - initiative v guilt 6-12 - industry v inferiority
58
best predictor of adolescent alcohol use
alcohol use by parents and peers
59
crystallized intelligence
knowledge gained through experience
60
fluid intelligence
organization of information n novel problem solving
61
irreversibility
inability to mentally undo something (water poured from one container to another is same amount)
62
centration
tendency to focus on only one aspect when observing a stimulus
63
phenomenalistic causality
sense of magical thinking where events that cooccur in time are though to be causally connected
64
conservation
ability to recognize that objects conserve their characteristics regardless of a change in shape or form (concrete op)
65
play is most important for
mastery of difficult feelings
66
formal operational - piaget
12-adulthood abstract rsning potential for mature moral reasoning
67
Erikson's stages of psychosocial dvpt
``` baby - trust v. mistrust toddler - autonomy v shame and doubt preschooler- initiative v guilt school age - industry v. inferiority adolescent - ego identity v role confusion YA - intimacy v isolation MA - generativity v stagnation LA - ego integrity v despair ```

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