social psychology Flashcards
(43 cards)
pseudopatients
behavior of others is consistent with the social environment they occur
male and female participants attributed the success of a man on a masculine task to ____ but success of a woman to ___
male and female attributed the success of a man or a woman on a feminine task to ___
ability; luck
ability
fundamental attribution bias
overestimate the role of dispositional factors, underestimate role of situational factors
actor-observer bias
we are more likely to attribute our own behavior to situational factors (esp when consequences are negative)
self-serving bias
blame external factors for failure and take credit for successes
base rate fallacy
rely on case-specific info and ignore base rate data when estimating likelihood of an event
confirmation bias
pay attention to info that confirms your belief
misery loves miserable company
when highly anxious, ppl want to be with other highly anxious people; would rather be alone than be with non anxious people
factors that affect affiliation
anxiety, arousability, gender
gain loss effect
we are more attracted to people who don’t like us at first but then do like us
emotion in relationship model
there is an innate mechanism that generates emotion whenever a partner engages in a behavior that violates expectations and disrupts ongoing sequences of behavior
social exchange theory
cost/rewards
stay when rewards outweigh costs..
equity theory
perception of equity
input/output
self perception theory
when internal cues are insufficient or difficult to interpret, people rely on external behaviors
epinephrine studies
no physiological differences between emotions; perception of emotion depends on combo of physiological arousal and a cognitive label for that arousal
overjustification
when external reward is given to someone for performing an intrinsically rewarding activity and the it its taken away, intrinsic interest goes down
self verification theory
once self -concept is formed, we try to obtain info that is consistent with that self concept
hardiness; 3 factors
protective factor for resilience
- commitment
- challenge
- control
autokinetic effect
stationary point of light appears to move in a dark room- ppl usually conformed to group norm
minority influence
to influence other members of the group, ppl who hold minority opinion have to use afferent strategies (clear, firm, confident)
6 bases of social power; most successful when ___
coercive- control over punishments reward - control over rewards expert - superior ability referent - attracted to legitimate - legit authority informational - has info needed
combine powers
theory of planned behavior
attitudes are accurate predictors when attitude measure assess all 3 components of behavioral intention – attitude, what others think, perceived control
credibility
key contributor to attitude change ; declines over time because ppl tend to remember the message but not the source
levels of discrepancy;
as credibility increases, ___ initial discrepancy is __ for attitude change
attitude change is greatest when level of discrepancy between positions of the communication and recipient is in moderate range;
larger initial discrepancy; best
