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mrcp 1 > haem/onc > Flashcards

haem/onc Flashcards

1
Q

Prophylaxis in splenectomy?

A

Pen V

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2
Q

Prophylaxis in sickle cell?

A

Hydroxycarbamide

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3
Q

Genotype of mild and severe sickle cell?

A

Mild - HbSC
Severe - HbSS

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4
Q

Differentiating leukaemoid reaction and CML?

A

Leukaemoid reaction - high leucocyte alkaline phosphatase score
CML - low leucocyte alkaline phosphatase score

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5
Q

Hereditary angioedema screening tool between attacks? Acute attack?

A

C4, C1

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6
Q

Skin prick testing and skin patch testing can be read after how much time?

A

15-20 minutes, 48 hours

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7
Q

Myelofibrotic condition progressing to AML?

A

PCV

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8
Q

Investigation for hereditary spherocytosis?

A

EMA binding test

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9
Q

Management of a patient in haemolytic crisis secondary to hereditary spherocytosis?

A

Supportive therapy

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10
Q

Tumour lysis syndrome rx?

A

Rasburicase and IVF

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11
Q

Which electrolyte disturbance most commonly associated with cisplatin?

A

Hypomag

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12
Q

Methaemoglobinaemia

A

Oof Fe2+ in haemoglobin to Fe3+

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13
Q

Thrombophilia associated with resistance to heparin?

A

Antithrombin III def

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14
Q

Headache, fever, seizures and confusion, Parkinsonian features, SE Asia?

A

Japanese encephalitis

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15
Q

Prognostic factor in AML?

A

Cytogenetics

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16
Q

Cyclophosphamide mechanism? Side effects?

A

Cross linking in DNA
Haemorrhagic cystitis, myelosuppression, transitional cell carcinoma

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17
Q

Bleomycin mechanism? Side effects?

A

Degrades preformed DNA
Lung fibrosis

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18
Q

Doxorubicin mechanism? Side effects?

A

Stabilizes DNA-topoisomerase II complex inhibits DNA & RNA synthesis
Cardiomyopathy

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19
Q

Methotrexate mechanism? Side effects?

A

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthesis
Myelosuppresion, mucositis, liver fibrosis, lung fibrosis

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20
Q

5 FU mechanism? Side effects?

A

Pyrimidine analogue inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by blocking thymidylate synthase (works during S phase)
Myelosuppression, mucositis, dermatitis

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21
Q

6-mercaptopurine mechanism? Side effects?

A

Purine analogue that is activated by HGPRTase, decreasing purine synthesis
Myelosuppresion

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22
Q

Cytarabine mechanism? Side effects?

A

Pyrimidine antagonist. Interferes with DNA synthesis specifically at the S-phase of the cell cycle and inhibits DNA polymerase
Myelosuppresion, ataxia

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23
Q

Vincristine mechanism? Side effects?

A

Inhibits formation of microtubules
Vincristine: Peripheral neuropathy (reversible) , paralytic ileus
Vinblastine: myelosuppression

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24
Q

Docetaxel mechanism? Side effects?

A

Prevents microtubule depolymerisation & disassembly, decreasing free tubulin
Neutropaenia

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25
Irinotecan mechanism? Side effects?
Inhibits topoisomerase I which prevents relaxation of supercoiled DNA Myelosuppression
26
Cisplatin mechanism? Side effects?
Cross-linking in DNA Nephrotoxicity (the primary dose-limiting side effect), ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, hypomagnesaemia
27
Hydroxycarbamide mechanism? Side effects?
Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, decreasing DNA synthesis Myelosuppression
28
PCV - features?
Neutrophilia and raised Hb
29
Commonest cause of neutropenic sepsis?
Staph epidermis
30
Poor prognostic factors in ALL?
Hypoploidy and t(9:22)
31
APML presentation and rx?
Typically presents with disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), t(15;17) - ATRA
32
TTP presentation?
Pentad of fever, neuro signs, thrombocytopenia, haemolytic anaemia and renal failure
33
Antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy?
Aspirin + LMWH
33
Most common inherited thrombophilia?
Activated protein C resistance (Factor V Leiden)
33
Recent URTI, low platelets?
ITP
34
PLT < 30 rx, PLT > 30 rx in ITP?
<30 - oral pred >30 - observe
35
Sudden drop in Hb associated with which sickle cell complication?
Aplastic crisis
36
Rx for TTP?
Plasma exchange
37
Raised HbA2, MCV and Hb are usually proportionally decreased?
Beta thal trait
38
'Tear drop' poikilocytes on blood film?
Myelofibrosis
39
Low antibody levels, specifically in immunoglobulin types IgG, IgM and IgA, recurrent infections?
Common variable immunodeficiency
40
Indication for cryoprecipitate in bleeding?
Low fibrinogen level
41
Most common type of Hodgkin's?
Nodular sclerosing
42
Hodgkin's best prognosis?
Lymphocyte predominant
43
t(9:22) - t(15:17) - t(11:14) - t(14:18) -
9/22 - Ph chromosome 15/17 - AML 11/14 - mantle cell lymphoma 14/18 - follicular lymphoma
44
CA125 tumour marker for which cancers?
Peritoneal and ovarian cancer
45
Leucocytosis with all stages of granulocyte maturation? Treatment?
CML, Imantinib
46
Confusion, low PLT, fragmented red cells, renal impairment?
TTP
47
Long term prophylaxis in hereditary angioedema?
Anabolic steroids
48
Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria investigation?
Flow cytometry - CD59 and CD55
49
ET treatment?
Hydroxycarbamide
50
Which drug can cause pancytopenia?
Trimethoprim
51
Monitor treatment in haemochromatosis?
Transferrin and ferritin
52
What can increase risk of pseudogout?
Haemochromatosis
53
HLA-B27
Ank spond, arthritis - reactive and psoriatic, anterior uveitis
54
HLA-B51
Bechet's
55
HLA-DQ2/DQ8
Coeliac
56
HLA-A3
Haemochromatosis
57
HLA-DR2
Goodpasture's and narcolepsy
58
HLA-DR3
Sjogren's, dermatitis herpetiformis, PBC
59
HLA-DR4
T1DM, RA
60
Cardiomyopathy and skin pigmentation in haemochromo reversible or irreversible?
Reversible
61
Microcytosis is often disproportionate to the anaemia?
Beta thal trait
62
What would explain the discrepancy between the HbA1c and fasting glucose levels?
Sickle
63
Causes of warm AIHA?
lymphoma, CLL, SLE
64
Causes of cold AIHA?
EBV, lymphoma
65
Common complication of CLL?
Hypogammaglobulinaemia
66
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is mostly due to proliferation of b or t cells/monoclonal or polyclonal?
Monoclonal - B cells
67
AML - deletions of which chromosomes - poor prognosis?
5 or 7
68
Nephrotic syndrome and sensory neuropathy bilaterally in the arms?
Fabry's
69
What does normal short synacthen not exclude?
Pituitary dysfunction
69
Combined B- and T-cell disorders?
SCID, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, ataxic telangiectasia - SCID WAS ATAXIC
69
Von Willebrand causes what clotting abnormality?
Slightly elevated APTT and reduced factor VIII activity
70
Management of TTP?
The management of management thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura involves steroids and immunosuppressants. Plasma exchange is also commonly used.
71

mrcp 1 (18 decks)

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